Edited by Julian Gutt, Boris I. Sirenko, Wolf E. Arntz, Igor S. Smirnov, and Claude De Broyer

Transkript

1 Biodiversity of the Weddell Sea: macrozoobenthic species (demersal fish included) sampled during the expedition ANT Xllll3 (EASZ ) with RV "Polarstern" Edited by Julian Gutt, Boris. Sirenko, Wolf E. Arntz, gor S. Smirnov, and Claude De Broyer with contributions of 29 taxonomists from Russia, Spain, Belgium, U.K., and Germany Ber. Polarforsch. 372 (2000) SSN

2 Julian Gutt, Wolf E. Arntz, Alfred Wegener nstitute for Polar and Marine Research, Columbusstr., D27568 Bremerhaven, Germany Boris. Sirenko, gor S. Smirnov, Zoological nstitute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya Emb., St Petersburg 99034, Russia Claude De Broyer, nstitut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, Rue Vautier, 29, B 000 Bruxelles, Belgium

3 Background General worldwide acceptance is growing that the diversity of life on earth is of inestimable value to human beings. The debate started with the proclamation of a biodiversity crisis, which had a twofold meaning. Firstly, our knowledge of this subject is still very poor; maybe no more than 0 % of all animals and plants on earth are scientifically known. To make matters worse, the number of specialists, who are able to identify and describe species is dramatically decreasing, especially in those countries where, until now, the highest expertise and the largest scientific collections have existed. Secondly, it has been estimated that extinction due to human activity is orders of magnitude higher than natural extinction. The resulting impoverishment of our biosphere is, in contrast to other manmade global changes, irreversible. However, one positive result arising from this is that many scientists have been challenged to reconsider the situation. Taxonomic knowledge is easily accessible to many scientists if corresponding information is stored in regularly updated computerised data bases, mproved international coordination would make the exchange of information even more efficient. However, the extinction of species goes On and the Progress of describing new species is extremely slow. There are many as yet undescribed species, which have even been already collected, whilst many more are expected to be found in various ecosystems. Also there is no doubt about the socioeconomic value of the diversity of natural resources. Genetic information can be used for e.g. human nutrition (this includes many more aspects than the controversial genetic manipulation of known species), or in the pharmaceutical industry to help solve medical problems of global relevance. Certainly not all the possibilities have as yet been exploited and the potential of biologically active metabolites is not at all known. n addition, ethical and aesthetic reasons justify the conservation of the earth's biodiversity. For these reasons the subject has become increasingly important at a political level. n the future, however, decisions are due because it is only in this way that the present situation can really be improved. The main aim of this report is to contribute to current knowledge about the local presence of a broad spectrum of macrobenthic species in a large area of the high Antarctic shelf and upper continental slope of the southeastern Weddell Sea. The resulting information has already been used to improve ecological and zoogeographical studies and to add new species to the inventory for this area. Several investigations have shown that the Weddell Sea can be used as a representative area for the high Antarctic shelf, since it harbours several species assemblages, which are also found with similar compositions in other places around the continent. Studying the Antarctic benthos is of particular relevance to biodiversity studies for various reasons. The proportion of endemic species is high and most species seem to be especially sensitive to environmental change, due to their distinct physiological adaptation to the stable conditions. Other factors which limit their response to changes are low growth rate as well as longevity and a sessile mode of life, which, in contrast to e.g. plankton and nekton prevents escape and reinvasion following shortterm disturbance. Under these unique conditions the following principal is particularly true: We can, after all, only save what we know! On the one hand, the ultimate goal of collecting information on all the species in the Antarctic or even on

4 Earth is still a long way off. On the other hand, compared to other modern large scale projects in science and technology, this type of study is relatively inexpensive and requires only moderate personal effort. Our limited contribution to the study of global biodiversity demonstrates that small steps are feasible with a certain amount of political backing and expertise. New initiatives should be taken at appropriate levels in the future to develop a more comprehensive and structured approach of Antarctic marine biodiversity assessment, i.a. in the framework of the woridwide Programme DVERSTAS, recently launched. The material used for this compilation was collected during the expedition ANT X3 of the German Research vessel "Polarstern" in 996, which contributed to the international SCAR initiative EASZ (Ecology of the Antarctic Sea ce Zone), For details See cruise report, Arntz W, Gutt J 997. The Expedition ANTARKTS Xllll3 (EASZ ) of "Polarstern" to the eastern Weddell Sea in 996. Ber Polarforsch 249,48~~. Samples were sorted mainly by B. Sirenko,. Smirnov, W. Arntz and M. Rauschert. The following sampling devices were used: Sampling equipment Abbreviation Mesh size* area (for corers) Bottom trawl BT 5 mm Benthopelagic trawl B P 5 mm Agassiz trawl AG 0 mm Epibenthic sledge E B 0.5 mm Small dredge DR mm Multibox corer MG 9 X m2 Giant box corer GK 0.25 m2 * for trawls: in codend The information given in this report does not claim to be complete, always to represent the most uptodate systematic classification, or to replace zoogeographical or ecological studies. Only taxa determined to the species level (including "cf.") were considered. The information given in the species list concerns only presences, no symbols for a species at a given station does not mean necessarily that it is absent. Collection and identification of species was carried out mainly by scientists from the Zoological nstitute (Russian Academy of Sciences), St. Petersburg. The identification of further material sampled during two more "Polarstern" expeditions to the Same area will provide an increased number of total species to be published as soon as available. Acknowledgements This study was initiated and financed by the German Federal Ministry of Research (BMBF 03F GUS; Hirche, Gutt, Rachor) and the Alfred Wegener nstitute for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven; additional support by FAP "World Ocean" Subprogram 9 and Russian Antarctic Program N5, N 6. Fish determination was supported by J. Matallanas. Thanks are due to D. Gerdes for taking care of sampling equipment and providing samples.

5 Numbers of species (expedition "Polarstern" ANT Xllll3) Taxon No. of identified Estimated no. of Estimated no. of species unidentifed species species new to science (to be described) Foraminifera Porifera Hydrozoa Scyphozoa Anthozoa Bryozoa Brachiopoda Polyplacophora Prosobranchia Opistobranchia Nudibranchia Bivalvia Cephalopoda Pycnogonida Leptostraca Mysidacea Cumacea Decapoda Amphipoda sopoda Euphausiacea Asteroidea Ophiuroidea Hemicordata Ascidiacea Pisces Porifera, sopoda, Amphipoda and Bryozoa were incompletely sampled or identified; Polychaeta, Sipunculida, Holothuroidea, Crinoidea, and Echinoidea were not sampled.

6 List of taxonomists Taxon Name Abbreviation nstitution Foraminifera Porifera Hydrozoa Scyphozoa: Siphonophora Anthozoa Octocorallia Brachiopoda Bryozoa Polyplacophora Gastropoda Opisthobranchia: Cephalaspidea Opisthobranchia: Pleurobranchida Nudibranchia Bivalvia Cephalopoda Pycnogonida Mysidacea Leptostraca Euphausiacea Cumacea Decapoda Amphipoda Amphipoda: Caprellidea sopoda Pterobranchia Asteroidea Ophiuroidea Ascidiacea Pisces Valerija. Mikhalevich Vladimir M. Koltun Sofia D. Stepanjants Armin Svoboda Sofia D. Stepanjants Sergey D. Grebelnyi Nadezhda V. Slepkova Olga N. Zezina Valentina. Gontar (Mikel Zabala)* Boris. Sirenko Emma N. Egorova Elena M. Chaban Alexander V. Martynov Alexander V. Martynov Emma N. Egorova Kir N. Nesis Louise Allcock Elena P. Turpaeva Victor V. Petryashev Victor V. Petryashev Victor V. Petryashev Stella V. Vassilienko Wolf E. Arntz Martin Rauschert Claude De Broyer Stella V. Vassilienko Christoph Held Yaroslav. Starobogatov Eugeny N. Grusov gor S. Smirnov Vladislav N. Romanov Eduardo Balguerfas Beatriz MoralesNin Olga S. Voskoboinikova Arcady V. Balushkin MC KOL STE SV0 STE GRE SLE ZEZ GON ZAB SR EGO CHA M AR M AR EGO NES ALL TU R PET PET PET VAS ARN RAU DEB VAS HEL STA GRU SM ROM BG MN V0 BS ZSP ZSP ZSP RUB ZSP ZSP ZSP S 0 ZSP UBE ZSP ZSP ZSP ZSP ZSP ZSP S 0 NMS S 0 ZSP ZSP ZSP ZSP AW AW RSNB ZSP RUB ZSP ZSP ZSP ZSP coc CSCUB ZSP ZSP *data from the cruise report

7 nstitutions AW CSCUB COC RSNB NMS RU% S0 UBE ZSP Foundation Alfred Wegener nstitute for Polar and Marine Research Coiumbusstraß D Bremerhaven Germany nstitut Mediterrani dlestudis Avancats Miguel Marques 2 E Esporles, Mallorca Spain nstitute Espafiol de Oceanograffa Centro Oceanografico de Canarias Carretera San Andres S/N E Santa Cruz de Tenerife Spain nstitut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique Departement des nvertebres Rue Vautier, 29 B 000 Bruxelles Belgium National Museums of Scotland, Chambers St Edinburgh EH JF United Kingdom RuhrUniversità Bochurn Lehrstuhl f㼠spezielle Zoologie D Bochum Germany P.P. Shirshov nstitute of Oceanology Russian Academ of Sciences Nachimovskaya Street 36 Moskow 728 Russia Universitat de Barcelona Departament dlecologia Avgda. Diagonal 645 E Barcelona Spain Zoological nstitute Russian Academy of Sciences Universitetskaya Emb. St Petersburg Russia

8 Station list gear stn no. position (S / W) depth (m) date ( 996)

9 Station map

10

11 par BT BT ~BT!BP,AG,AG AG AG,AG AGAG AG AG AG AG EB E* jear no !03 0s ,09 ~ 0, statton no. i0 i05 09 :29 j06, ,06L09 09,

12 P gear DR [DR DR DR!DR ~MGMG gear no 2 2zA2 '26 i27,02 :20 stat~on no 26,09, area Kapp Noweqia area AS'rorh'z'd!.... Rhabdamminidae Rhabdammina antarctica Psammosiphone/la disxa Saccamminidae?!.... Hormosinidae....

13 F, station no !20 :2 2 8,8 area South of Vestkapp 8 FORAMNFERA Asirorhizida!! Rhaixiamminidae! ' 7 Rhabdamm~n antarchca.! Psammos~phonella d~screta. Sacmmrn~n!dae!, Saccamm~na bas~sp~culata! A!, 2 P/lullna jeifreysll Thurammlna favosa ratlculata ' Thurammlna protea L L Astramm~na rara, P Tholoslna aevls + L Tholos~na ves~cular~s!,. j Psammosphaendae L L Somsphaera coniusa i. 4 Psammophax consoc~ata. Hormoslnlda, ', ' Honnoslnidae J Hormos/na globul~fera L Honnos~na noman~ 2 Pseudancdos~n@lg margantana margantana Pseudonodoslnella margantana elongata! Nodoslnum gauss~cum Reophaz subfus~fom~s Hapiophragmo~d~dae Pauc~locul~na antarct~ca ~LLL,,. Lltuolida L P umb~l~catum Haplophragmo~des Cnbrostomo~das antarct~cus! Cyciamrn~n~dae & L Cyclammlna of6culans asell~na.. Cornusplrlda ' ' i Cornuspiridae comusp~ra antarct~ca L/, Crucllocullna subvalvular~s lnvolvohauenna cf globular~s S~gmo~lln~t~dae S~gmo~nalla obesa, L+ Pyrgo~dae,. Pyrgo peruv~ana, j Pyrgo patagonlca Z, ~ + Pyrgo subplsum L!,.,L7 Pyrgo elongata ~ ;J i T i Pergo cf oblonga,, *. Pyrgo murrh~na L PyrL L L 2 : Pyrgo sars~., L A L Pyrgo lateoral~s.! L

14 44 Pyrgoella eariandi Saidova, 975 Spiriillnida.. + Spiriillnidae i Spirillina plana wiesner, Spirillina radlosa iparr, Spirilllna helenae ichapman and Parr, Turrispirillina turbo wiesner, 93 Lagenida i Lagenidae 49 Lagena subacuticosta i Parr, 650 MC Eilipsolagenidae 50 Parafissurinacurta Parr, 950 Nodosarlida Nodosariidae 5, Dentallna cf. communis l(d'orbigny, MiC i Vaglnuilnida Lenlicuiinidae 52 Lenticuiina antarctica Parr, 950 MC Marginuiininidae 53 Marginulina cf. ensis Reuss, Astacolus cf. crep/dulus i(~ichtel and ~olc798) Polymorphinlda. Poiymofphinidae 55l Guffulina cf. oblonga (D'CJrbigny, 846) Glanduiinidae 56 Glandulina antarctica Parr, 950 Planorbulinida i Cibicididae. 57 Ciblcides reiulgens 58 Cibicides antarcticus 59, Bullminlda Uvigerinidae Angulogerina angulosa Cassldullnlda Cassidulinidae 60 Antlcieina bfora (Grespin, 960) 6 Cassidulinoides pakerianus (~rady, 884) 62 ; Ehrenbergina glabra Earland, 932 Robertinids i Roberfinldae De ~ontfoft, 808 (Saidova, 975) (Williamson,Ji8) MiC MC MC MC!!M~C MC MC MC MiC MiC MiC MiC MC MiC MC 63 Robertina chapmani Earland, 922 MC Nonionlda Nonionidae 64, Pullenia antarctica Saidova, 975 MC! i PORFERA i Hexactineillda! Rosseiiidae Rossella antarctica &der, 872 KOL 2 Rossella nuda Topsent, 90 KOL. 3 Rosella racovltzae [Topsent, 90 KOL 4 Bathydoms spinosus iwilson, 904 KOL! Eurelidae 5: Chonelasma amella ischulze, 887 KOL Demosponglae Stellenidae 6 stee//etta pupureg. i~idley, 884 KOL 7 Monosyringa iongispinum (Lendenfeid, 907) KOL Tetiilidae 8 Tet~lla eptodema, Sollas, 886 KOL 9 Cinachyra antarctlca (Carter, 872) KOL 0 Cinachyra barbata Soilas, 886 KOL

15 jear gear no Station no area Kapp Nowegia area

16 DR DR DR ~MG~MG~MG~MG~MG~GK GK GK GK GK GK GK gear D D R gear no 2 ' !l station no J area Kapp Norvegia area Pyrgoella eariandi Spirllllnida Spinllmidae Spinliina plana Spinllina radiosa Spinlllna helenae Turnspinllina turbo L + Lagenda ;! Lagenidae 8 Lagena subacuticosta,,,, l i * i, '.! Ellipsolagenidae J 3 Paraiissunna curta Nodosarllda Nodosanidae Dentalina cf cornmunis i l r i. i. i! < 7 Vaglnulinida i Lenticulinldae,, ~ / ~,! / Lenticulina antarctica Marglnullnlnidae Marglnullna cf ensls Astacolus cf crepidulus l, < l! * l Polyrnorphlnlda! i i : l l l ~ l Polymorphinidae Guttulina cf oblonga! Glandulinldae L! Glandulina antarctica, * *! Planorbulinida Cibicldidae! Cibicides refulgens,..! * > l * Cibicides antarcticus l Bullrnlnlda ' Uvigennidae Angulogenna angulosa Cassldullnlda Cassidulinidae Anhcleina biora Cassidulinoides parkenanus Ehrenbegina glabra Robertlnlda Robertinidae Roberfina chapmani Nonlonida Nonionidae!! Ã Ã Ã Pullenia antarctica! l l i i i i i PORFERA ~ i~ i Hexactinelllda Rossellidae Rossella antarctica Rossella nuda, Rossella racovitzae *.. l Bathydorus spinosus,, ] P, Euretidae J, Chonelasrna larnella, l.. Demosponglae,,, Stellettidae Steelletta purpurea Monosynnga longispinurn, i.,, Tetillidae i i Tetilla leptoderma l i 4 t, i Clnachyra antarchca i 8 Cinachyra barbata,

17 gear BT BT B? BT BT BT BT BP BP BP A G A S gear no ,O a 4b station no.,ll 2, area South of Vestkapp

18 P KOL 5, Pseudosubentes nudus Koltun, 964 Polymastidae V 6 Polymast~a~vaginata Kirkpatnck, 908 KOL 7, Sphaerofylus b~rea~is antarct~cus, Krkpatnck~908 KOL 7 det! Subentidae Subene montiniger, Carter, 880, KOL 2, Subentes caminatus Ridley and Dendy, 887 KOL 3 Pseudosubentes mollis Ridley and Dendy, Pseudosubentes hyalinus p~dley and Dendy, 8J87) 8, Sphaerotylus schoenus vanhoffeni Hentschel, 94 KOL 9 Slylocordyla borealis (~oven, 868) KOL Espenopsidae i 20 sodicfya ennacea (Topsent, 96) KOL 2 sodfcfya setifer (Topsent, 90) KOL 22 sodiclya delfcata megachela (Thiele, 905) KOL 23 sodicfya kerguelensis (Ridley and Dendy, 886) KOL 24 i sodfcfya antarctica (Kirkpatnck, 908) Mycalidae i KOL 25 Myceleacerata Kirkpatrick, 907 KOL 26 Mycale tndens Hentschel, 94! KOL Myxillidae 27 Myxilla mollfs ~idleiand Dendy, 886 KOL 28 Myxilla asfgmata Topsent, 90 KOL 29 Lissodendoryx innominata Burton, 929 KOL 30 Ecfyodoryx ramflobosa (Topsent, 96) KOL 3 Ecfyodoryx antarctica l(hentschel,94) KOL 32 Ecfyodoyx anacantha Hentschel, 94 KOL lophonidae V 33 lophon radiatus Topsent, 90 KOL 34, lophon aceratus (Hentschel, 94) KOL 35, lophon spatulatus Kirkpatrtck, 907 KOL P 36 Acanthorhabdus fragilis Burton, 929 Tedanndae i 37 Tedania tantula (KirkpatnckJ9908) KOL 38, Tedania oxeata Topsent, 96 KOL KOL 39 Teaania charcoti Topsent, 908 Clathn~dae 40 Clathria pauper i Broendsted, Clathna toxopraedita Topsent, 93 42, Axoc~ella nidfficata Axociella flabellata (Kirkpatnck, 907),(Topsent, 96) 44, Axociella rameus Koltun, Anchinoe glabernma (Topsent, 97) 46' Pseudanchmoe toxifera Topsent, Bipocllopsis nexus Koltun, 964 Coelosphaeridae 48 nflatella bell! (Kirkpatnck, 907) 49 nflatella latrunculioide,(ridey and Dendy, 887) Axinellidae 50' Axinellamanana Rldley and Dendy, 887 KOL 5 Axinella antarctica,koltun,964 KOL 52 Homaxinella balfourensis (Ridley and Dendy, 886)! KOL 53, Eurypon miniaceum Thiele, 905 Crellidae 54: ~ r e crassa ~ ~ a (Hentschel, 94) KOL 55; Acanthoxa werthi Hefitschel, 94 Halichondnidae KOL. KOL KOL KOL KOL KOL KOL KOL 56, Halichondna hentscheli Koltun, 964 KOL 57 Microxina benedeni (Topsent, 90) P KOL Calcarea L Clathnnidae L 58, Leucetta leptora>his (Jenkin, 908) KOL KOL KOL i

19 gear ~BT ;BT BT BP,AG,AG,AG,AG,AG AG,AG AG AG,AG!AG E6 DR:DR par no ,O > i06 07,OE '0,9 20 station no 0,05, , ,25, , area Kapp Norvegia area Suberitidae P ~,. * Subentes montiniger.p.. Subentes caminatus L Pseudosubarites mollis,.p Pseudosubentes hyalinus A L Pseudosubentes nudus a Polymastidae Polymastla invaginata ' 2.. L L,, r Sphaerotylus borealls antarcticus.., Sphaerotylus schoenus vanhoffeni i L L L+ Stylocordyla boreal~~.. Espenopsidae J sodictya erinacea sodlctya setifer sodictya delicata megachela sodiclya kerguelensis P L > Â P. ' ' i * ' sodictya antarctica +,P, ' i L A J : P Mycalidae L. 2. L Mycale acerata..., L Mycale tndens, Myxillidae. #.!,,, Myxllla mollis!, L! * Myxilla asigmata Llssodendofyx innominata!, *,, Ectyodoryx ramilobosa.. 8! Ectyodoryx antarctica L P. Ectyodofyx anacantha L_,P 8 lophonidae P.p lophon radiatus ~ ~ lophon aceratus \ *. 3 0 p p, * Tedanlldae! Tedania tantula i *, * j, * / Tedanla oxeata,, Pp, L '! 2 Acanihortiabdus fragilis. l., Tedania charcoh!l Clathrildae j Clathna pauper Clathria toxopraedita +? A d L Axoclella nidificata *, *.*,'Â Axociella flabellata ' J ~xocie~~a rameus! l f Anchinoe glaberrima Pseudanchinoe toxifera L,L. Blpocllopss nexus P L Coelosphaeridae 47~& nflatella belli * nflatella latrunculioide L' Axinellidae L A Axinella marfana! Mnella antarctica L L Homaxlnella balfourensis,.,.,,,, L Euwon miniaceum,! * Crellidae i L ~ * * i i,., Acanthoxa werthi i L Halichondnldae! d ' & L, ' Microxlna benadeni *L Calcarea!,,, L Clathrinldae d P Leucefla leptoraphis 2. L

20 DR gear DR DR DR DR MG MG MGjMG 'MG GK GK GK GK 'GK ~GK GK P gear no ' ' '29~@5 '6 7 Station ; , area Kapp ~owegia

21 P P. gear.. BT,BT 'BT BT BT BT BT BP BP BP AGA&, gear no $ i !4a 4b station no. 2 ' , '2!l8 8 area South of Vestkapp Suberitidae sodictya setifer Anchtnoe gtaberrima Halichondriidae P

22 paeberholm, STESVO P P P Leucoso~niidae P 59 Scypha truncata (Topsent, 907) KOL. + CNDARA HYDROZOA P,,Hydroldea,Athecaphora 3 det 7 Candelabridae 4 Cafidelabrum pencla (Manton, 940) STESVO Corymorphidae 2 Lampra microrfliza Hickson and Gravely, 907 STESVO Eudendriidae 3 Eudendrium antarcticum 0 STESVO 4 Eudendnum rameum (Pallas, 766) STESVO Calycopsidae L 5 Calyc<psis borchgrevinki (Browne, 90) STWSVO 4 Hydroldea, Thecaphora CampanuJnidae 6 Stegella grandis Hickson and Gravel, 907) i STESVO 7 Opercula~ella belgicae ( T [ STESVO Lafoeid~, L 8, Filellum antarcficum (Hartlaub, 904) STWSVO 9 Filel@ri serratum (CCarke, 879 STWSVO Zygophylacidae 7 0 Abietinella operculata P 903) STESVO Campanularndae 2 Billardia sub ruf^ (Jaederholm, 904) STESVO 2 Camparplana hicksoni TottmL930 STESVO S~rtulariidae 3 Symplecto~cyphus glacialis,(~aederholm, 4 Symplectoscyphus naumovi Blanco, 969 ' STESVO 904) STESVO 5 Symplectoscyphus plectilis (Hickson and Gravely, 907) STWSVO 6, Symplectoscyphus subdichotomus (Kirchenpauer, 884) ' STESVO 7 Symplectoscphus paulensis (Stechow, 923), STESVO 8 Symplectoscyphus cf aggegatus (Jaederholm, 9697) STESVO 9 Symplectoscyphus unilateralis (Lamouroux, 824) STWSVO 20 Antarctoscyphus spiralis (Hickson and Gravely, 907) STESVO 2 Symplectoscyphus cumberlandicus (Jaederholm, 905) STESVO 22 Staurotheca dichotoma Allman, 888 STESVO 23 Staurotheca cf stolonifera (Hartlaub, 904) STESVO 24 Staurotheca antarctica Hartlaub, 904 iste/svo 25 Staurotheca polarsterni Pena Cantero, Svoboda and Vervoort, 997 lstesv0 26 Staurotheca (Dictyocladium) cf luncea (Vanhoeffen, 90) STESVO Kirchenpaueriidae 27 Oswaldella shetlandica (Stepanjants, 979), STESVO 28, Oswaldella bifurca (Hartlaub, 904) Â STE/SV 29 Oswaldella antarctica (Jaederholm, 904) STESVO Halopteridae 30 Schizotncha turqueti Billard, 906 STESVO 3 Schizotricha unmfurcata Allman, 883 S T W S V O ~ Haleciidae. 32 Halecium d&cafulum Coughtrey, 876 STWSVO 33 Halecium pallens Jaederholm, 904 STWSVO 34 Halecium {aederflolmi Vewoort, 972! STESVO 35 Halecium ten~llum Hincks, 86 STESVO 36 Halecium ovatum ~otton,930 P Slphonophora, Calycophorida Diphyidae! 37 Dphyes antarctica Moser, 925 STE SCYPHOZOA Coronata. Collaspidae Atglla wyviillei Haeckel, 880 ste

23 , gear BT BT :BT>BP AG AG,AG AG & AG Ag &G]AG AG AG!EB DR,DR gear no '0 2 ' station no 0 ~05 09, '26 area Kapp Norvegia area Leucosolen~idae Scypha truncata *, la, & CNDARA, U HYDROZOA.,L LL Hydroidea, Athecaphora U Candelabndae!L, Candelabnmpenola L.. L TL Coryrnorphidae ~d Lampra microrfnza *! L.! Eudendnidae L,, Eudendnum antarcticum V Eudendnum rameum Calycopsidae Calycopsis borchgrevinki, Hydroidea, Thecaphora Campanullnldae Stegella grandis., l l Opercularella belgicae ' j,,l Lafoeidae, /, Filellum antarcttcum..!, t Fllellum serratum L '! P Zygophyiacidae Abietinella operculata, Campanulan~dae, L Blllardia subrufa *L L Â, Campanulana hicksoni L.,. 8 L Sertulariidae L Symplectoscyphus glacialis *!P' Symplectoscyphus naumovi., Symplectoscyphus plechlis *,. Symplectosc~husubdichotomus~ P Symplectoscyphus paulensis.'.,, Symplectoscyphus cf aggregatus.., L Symplectoscyphus unilateralis, Antarctoscyphus spiralis, L,.,P Symplectoscyphus cumbertandicus,! L, ~,. A P.!,.. Staurotheca cf stolonifera.l '! ' Staurotheca antarchca l   L, Staurottmca polarstemi,,  Staurotheca (Dicfyocladium) cf juncea,,, Klrchenpaueriidae P,, 3 Oswaldella shetlandlca, ;, Oswaldella bifurca,! ',,,! L Oswaldella antarctica! Li J, Schizotricha turqueti L Haloptendae :L Schizotncha unifurcata ', r Haleclum pallens l! ~, ;.,,, ', t.p> Haleclldae Halecium delicatulum *!,. Haleclum laederitolmi.. Haleclum tenellum, Halecium ovatum,... Slphonophora, Caiycophorida, ' 2 4 Diphyidae Diphyes antarctica SCYPHOZOA! Coronata l Collaspidae! ; Atolla tqwillel P Ll L L L ' ; L,.

24 ~ 26 P P gear DR DR DR DR L DR MG MG ~ MG~MG MG~GK GK!GK GK GK GK GK, P gear no ,45 '6 7 station no ,&~[02,02 07 :04 24, area Kapp Noweqia area LeEolenndae Hydroldea, Atheca Candelabrum peno a P stegella grandis Pp.. Â ercularellabelgica ~ ~ ~~ ~ ~ ~p.. Symplectoscyphus sub

25 LA gear area South of Vestkapp Leucosolenlldae ~ ~ ~ l l ~ t ~,!! Scpha ttuncata., * l! *!,,, 8! L CNDARA i 2 HYDROZOA! / Hydroldea, Athecaphora, Candelabridae, L. Candelabrum penola 8, Corymorphldae Lampra mlcrorhiza Eudendrildae Eudendiium antarcticum ' Eudendnum rameum AAL L Calycopsldae Calycopsls borchgrevinki l!! i l l i * l Hydroldea, Thecaphora.., i, Campanuhnidae t 3 2 Stegella grandis l ; ;! P Opercularella belgicae.., 'L! Lafoeldae Filellum antarcticum J V Filellum serratum Zygophylacidae Abletlnella operculata Campanularildae Blllardia ~ ub~fa Campanulana hicksoni Sertulanidae,, Symplectoscyphus glacialis Symplectoscyphus naumovi, Symplectoscyphus plectilis!, *, Symplectoscyphus subdichotomus. Symplectosc~phus paulensis,! _^_ Symplectoscyphus cf aggregaius ' Sympiectoscphus unilateralis. Antarctoscyphus spiralis Symplectoscyphus cumbeiiandicus Staurotheca dichotoma Staurotheca cf stolonifera Staurotheca antarctica Staurotheca polarstemi! i Staurotheca (Dictyociadium) cf luncea \ l Kirchenpauenidae P Oswaldella shetlandica. *! * Oswaldella bifurca t L, Oswaldella antarctica Halopteridae Schlzotncha turqueti,, Schizotncha uniiurcata, L Halecildae Halecium delicatulum t,, Halecium pallens l L L Halecium laederholmi,, +! Halecium tenellum ' * Haleclum ovatum LA^ d Slphonophora, Calycophorlda,! J, T: P P Diphy~dae Diphyes antarctica.,,&p '. SCYPHOZOA L Coronata A, L Collaspldae P. Atolla wyviillei,.. ' V. >,P! [,! LA,,. ~ + L. ~!!. l l l L L ~

26 P Urnbellulidae. r P Penphyllidae P, 2 Penphylla penlhylla (Peron and Lesueur, 809) STE, ANTHOZOA Hexacorallla L Coralllmorpharia Corallimorphidae P Corallfmorph~s profundus Moseley, 877 GRE ActlnlaK Pp Actinndae 2 Bolocera kerguelensfs Studer, 879 GRE 3 Aulactfnia sulcata (Clubb, 902) GRE 4' Glyphoperfdium bursa (Roule, 9) GRE 5, Epfactis geogana 6 Urticfnopsfs antarctfca 7 sosicyon~s alba (Studer, 879) GRE. Capneidae 8 Capnea georgi~na!(carlgren, 927) Acti~ostohdae W 9 Stomphfa selagfnella (Stephenson, 98)!GRE 0 Hormosoma cf scoiti Stephenson, 98 GRE Sfcyonfs cf eythrocephala (Pax, 922) P GRE 2 Pseudoparactis tenuicoll~s (McMurnch, 904) G& Hormathiidae 3, Horm~thfajacunifera,(Stephenson,m * GRE Octocorallla Stoloniiera. Clavulanidae 4 P Sympodium antarcticum ~ravier, 93 SLE 3 Alcyonarla P Alcyonndae t 5 Alcyonium clavatum. (Pfeffer, 889) SE Nephteidae 6 Gersemia hfcksoni (Gravier, 93) SLE Gorgonarla Primnoldae 7, Thouarella vanabilfs Wri ht and Studer, 889 SLE 8, Jhouarella longfsp!nosa 7 = T cf long~spinosa )'Ku;enthal, 92, SLE 9 Pmnoella scotia Thomson and RitcJie, 906 SLE P 20, Pnmnoella vanhoeffenf Kukenthal, 909 * 2, Pnmnoella bisenalfs Wright and Studer, 889 SLE 22 Calfgorgfa kukenthalf Molander, 929 SLE 23! Caligorgfa ventflabrum Studer, 878 SLE 24 Ascolepfs spfngsa Thornson and Rennet, 93 25, Ainfgmaptilon antarcticus, (Molander, 929) SLE det 26 Afnfgmawn edisto Bayer,50 SLE sididae 27. Pnmnofsfs armata Kukenthal, 92 : S ~E 28 Prfmnofsfs cf angrctfcã (Th Studer.878) SLE 29 Pnmnoisis cf formosa Gravler, 93 SLE 30 Notisis cf fragflis Gravier, 93, SLE 3 Mopses tenufs P Moiander, 929 SLE Pennatularla L 32 Umbellula magniflora Kolliker, Umbellula cf lfndhali Kolliker, 874 SLE P TENTACULATA BRYOZOA Chellostomata P Scrupariidae Brettfopsfs tnplex (Hastings, 943) xzab 2 Leiosalpinx fnomata P,(Goldstein, 882) GON 7

27 gear gear no. Station no. area Kapp Norvegia area Sicyonis cf. erythrocephala Gorgonaria Pennatuiaria Umbelluiidae Umbellula magniflora Umbellula cf. lindhali

28 P ' P P P P d PP,, AL L, P J z gear D D R!DU,DR DR MG!MG~MG,MG~MG,GK [GK ~ GK GK GK GK'GK~ 9ar no ' ,20,28 29!30 [ station no 26 '09, l04 ' ' L area Kapp No~egi area Penphyllidae, Perphylla penphylla P ANTHOZOA Hexacorallla Coralllmorpharla,,! l i L &U P. Corallimorphidae i i, Corallimorphus profundg.l, Actlnlarla, l Actinndae. P Bolocera kerguelensis P Aulactinia sulcata. Glyphoperidfum bursa 3 % Epiactis georgiana,,,!. [ ' P P Urticinopsis antarctica P sosicyonis ajba, P P Capneidae,, P Capnea georgiana,, t. P Actinostolidae, L P Stomphia selaginella Hormosoma cf scotti LL Sicyoms cf erythrocephala L Pseudoparactis tenuicollis Hormathiidae, Hormathia lacunifera Octocorallla 4!, ] Stolonlfera L Clavulanidae. P Sympodium antarcticum Alcyonaria Alcyonndae. Alcyomum clavatum Nephteidae Gersemia hicksoni L. Gorgonarla +U! Primnoidae P Thouarella vanabilfs 3 L + Thouarella ~ongispinosa (' = T cf longispinosa; Pnmnoella scotia Pnmnoella vanhoeffeni L,! PnmnoQlta biserialis, LA Caligorgia kukenthali Caligorgia ventilab~m P ipl Ascolepis spmosa, Ainigmaptilon antarctgus hi Ainigmaptilon edisto sididae.p P Pnmnoisis amata P, Pnmnoisis cf antarctica Pnmnoisis cf formosa P, l ~otisis cf fragilis, P, Mopses tenuis P Pennatularl~, L L Umbellulidae P Umbellula magniflora L Umbellula cf lindhali P, P TENTACULATA BRYOZOA Chellostomata, i! Scruparndae P, B ~ ~?!! q! % ~ QP L xl Leiosaipinx inomata J i l l l, L,,

29 BP AG!AG' gear BT!BT BT BT BT BT ~BT BP ~BP par no ' 'k station no ;il '7!20 2 j2 kf% area Soulh of Vestkapp Capneidae Capnea georgiana Breniopsis triplex Leiosaipi*mata

30 , P P P Flustndae > J 3 Carbasea curva J%!zl9!4L GON, xzab 4 Carbasea ovoidea Busk, 852 GON,XZAB J 5 Klugeflustra vanhoffeni _ (Kluge,94) GON,XZAB 6 Klugeflustra antarctica (Hastings, 943) GON, XZAB J 7, Klugeflustra dygalski (Kluge, 94) 8 sosecunflustra tenuis (Kluge, 94) 9 sosecunflustr~angusja (Kluge, 94) GON,XZAB 0 sosecunflustra vanhoffeni (Kluge, 94) GON sosecunflustra thysamca (Moyano, 972) GON, XZAB 2 Astroflustra vulgans Klu e, 94 GON,xZAB 3 Nematoflustra flagellata P twaers, 9i4)!GON, xzab P 5 Ellisina constantma (Kluge, 94) ~GON,XZAB Callopondae 4 Ellisina antarctica Hastings, 945 GON, XZAB 6, Amphiblestrum familiaris Hayward and Thorpe, 989 GON 7 Amphiblestrum inermis,[kluge, 94) 'GON, XZAB 8 Amphiblestrum~o~si Hayward and Thorpe 989 xzab 9 Crassimarginatella inconstantia (Kluge, 94) GON,xZAB 20 Crassimarginatellaperlucida (Kluge, 94) GON, xzab 2 Pynporoides unisenalis P Waters 904 GON Chaperiidae P 22 Chaperiopsis orbiculata =ard and Tho~e, 988 GON 23, Chapenopsis patulosa (Waters 904) P GON 7 24 C h a p ~ precta s (Waters, 904) GON,xZAB ; 25 Chapenopsis quadnspinosa (Moyano, 966) GON, xzab 26 Exallozoon simplici~simum (Kluge, 94) GON' 27 lcelozoon leprali@es (Kluge, 94) GON, Bugulidae 28! Camptolites retiformis (Kluge, 94) GON,xZAB 29 Camptolites angustus (Kluge, 94) GON 30 Camptolites tncomis,(waters, 904) X 3 Camptolites giganteus (Kluge, 94) GON, xzab 32 Camptoplites areolatus (Kluge, 94) xzab 33! Camptoplites blcornls '(BUS~, 884) GON, xzab 34 Camptoplites latus (Kluge, 94) GON, XZAB 35 Camptoplites ewald~ (Kluge, 94) GON, xzab 36 Camptoplites rectilineans Hastings, 943 GON 37 Comucopina ovalis Eastings, 943 GON 38 Comucopina polymorpha JKluge, 94). GON, xzab 3 Comucopina pectogemma (Goldstein, 882) 40 Himantozoumrnntarcticum (Calvet, 909) GON, XZAB 4! Hlmantozoum obtusum ~astings, 943 GON 42! Klugella echlnata ( K U ~ ~, Cabereidae 43 Caberea darwinii Busk, Amastigia gaussi (Kluge, 94) [GON, xzab 45, Amastigia cabereoides (Kluge, 94) GON 46 Amastigia solida (Kluge, 94) GON, XZAB 47 Notoplites vanhoffem (Kluge, 34) GON,xZAB 48 Notoplites d~galski (Kluge, 94)!GON, xzab 49 Notoplites antarcticus (Waters. 904) GON, XZAB 50 Notoplites tenuis (Kluge, 94) GON XZAB 5 Notoplites watersi (Kluge, 904) \GON Beanm 52 Beania challengen l~astings, 943 GON 53 Beania erecta (* = B erecta livingstonei ) Waters, 904 (Hastings, 943) GON, XZAB Microporidae 54 Micropora brevissima ~ Zers, 904 GON,XZAB i 55 Micropora notialis Hayward and ~ann 56 Apiophragma hyalina (Waters, 904) GON, xzab det.