Multi-Funktionale Coating Competence Center

Transkript

1 Multi-Funktionale Coating Competence Center Kontakt: stephan.buecheler@empa.ch Direkt: yaroslav.romanyuk@empa.ch Direkt: Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa - Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Ueberlandstrasse 129, CH-8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland; Coating Forum 20. Juni 2016 Materials Science and Technology

2 Kein Anspruch auf Vollständigkeit Multi-Funktionale Beschichtungen Elektronische Bauelemente/Schaltungen Sensoren Optoelektronische Bauteile (Laser, LED, etc.) Flachbilschirme Batterien (Festkörper Batterien) Smarte Fenster (Display, low e-coating, EC, etc.) Solarzellen und Solarmodule Materials Science and Technology 2

3 CIGS solar cells & mini-modules / state-of-the-art Flexible CIGS solar cell: 20.4% efficiency Flexible CIGS mini-module: 16.9% efficiency 8 monolithically interconnected cells V OC = 711 mv per cell Laser scribing by Flisom company Materials Science and Technology 3

4 CIGS solar cells and mini-modules / state-of-the-art : NaF PDT 2: reduced optical losses 3: GGI grading and Na doping Materials Science and Technology 4

5 Key issues in high efficiency CIGS solar cells interface properties CIGS/CdS interface ZnO/ZnO:Al Buffer Optical losses in buffer &TCO CIGS Thinner CdS CIGS Interface defects/passivation Mo 1µm Substrate Adhesion/stress CIGS/Mo interface Grain boundaries/surfaces Materials Science and Technology 5

6 Overview Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 thin film solar cells Jsc [ma/cm 2 ] Voc [mv] FF [%] Eff [%] Empa cell on PI SQ-limit (1.15 ev) Losses compared to SQ-limit -17% -17% -9.3% Envisaged improvement for CIGS (maybe not all applicable on flexible substrate): Jsc by ~10% Voc by ~9% FF by ~3% (38.5 ma/cm 2 ) (800 mv) (81%) efficiency of 25% for CIGS solar cells is a realistic goal Development supported by HZ2020 project Sharc25 with 11 European partners Materials Science and Technology 6

7 Flexible & leichte Solarzellen nächste Schritte Weiterentwicklung der Prozesse für schnelle Rolle zu Rolle Herstellung Schneller Technologietransfer zusammen Partnerfirmen Materials Science and Technology 7

8 Flexible & leichte Solarzellen nächste Schritte Weiterentwicklung der Solarzellen zu Solarmodulen Monolithische Verschaltung mithilfe von Laserstrukturierung Erweiterte Anforderungen für Spezialanwendungen (Space, Indoor, ) Materials Science and Technology 8

9 PVD Coating Competence Center Materials Science and Technology 9

10 E-Beam BAK UNI Dünnfilme in den Bereichen: Forschung und Entwicklung Prototypen Kundenspezifische Produkte Für Anwendungen in: Optik und Mikrooptik Optoelektronik Halbleiter Revolverquelle mit bis zu 10 verschiedenen Materialien Substratgrössen bis zu 100x100 mm 2 oder 150 mm Wafer (Halter für grössere Substrate adaptierbar) Schwingquarz zur Messung von Rate und Schichtdicke (Prozesskontrolle) Homogenität der Beschichtungen +/- 2% für 150 mm Wafer Materials Science and Technology 10

11 Sputter Cluster CT200 Materials Science and Technology 11

12 Sputter Cluster CT200 Vakuumofen Sputtern: konfokale Kathoden Ausgasmodul Sputtern: planare Kathoden Metalle Metalloxide (incl. TCOs) Metallnitride Metallsulfide Verfügbare Materialien Mo, Ti, Cu, W, Si, etc SiO 2, ZnO, ZnMgO, MoO x, WO x, In 2 O 3, ITO, ZnO:Al, In 2 O 3 :H, etc TiN, Si 3 N 4, etc CdS, ZnS, Zn(O,S), (Zn,Cd)S, etc Materials Science and Technology 12

13 Photonic curing system PulseForge 1300 Xenon flash lamp spectrum Key specifications Max radiant energy delivered 45 J/cm 2 Peak radiant power delivered 24 kw/cm 2 Pulse length range 25 10,000 ms Max pulse rate >khz Max area cured per sample 300 x 150 mm Materials Science and Technology 13

14 What is photonic curing? Courtesy: Novacentrix Materials Science and Technology 14

15 Simulation of temperature profiles 1. Design pulse (voltage, shape, micropulse, rate) 2. Predict temperature profile Image: Novacentrix Materials Science and Technology 15

16 Examples of processed materials Image: DTF Conductive inks (metal, carbon, graphene,..) Transparent conductive oxides Image: von Ardenne Refractory oxides and semiconductors Image: Oak Ridge National Laboratory Image: NovaCentrix and certainly many others Materials Science and Technology 16

17 Vielen Dank für Ihre Aufmerksamkeit Kontakt: Direkt: Direkt: Materials Science and Technology 17