Cultural Studies: From. Landeskunde. Intercultural Communicative Competence

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1 Cultural Studies: From Landeskunde to Intercultural Communicative Competence Bernd Rüschoff Universität Duisburg-Essen

2 Content: Landeskunde vs. Cultural Studies Language & Context: an explication Language Learning: Intercultural Communicative Competence For Starters, aye >>> / >>>

3 Interkulturelle Kompetenz? Aus einem Online-Reiseführer Druckerzeugnisse Tipp: Nehmen können Sie die Wertvorstellungen heikel sein. Mit dem Bild des Dalai anderer Lama Kulturen bekommen ernst, Sie in auch China wenn Sie Probleme, im sie Iran nicht mit verstehen. dem Playboy. In jedem solcher Fälle wird die Einfuhr als subversiver Akt gewertet, da Sie landesübliche Wertvorstellungen oder die Zensur unterlaufen. Quelle:

4 Interkulturelles Lernen soll dazu führen, dass die Lernenden immer besser in der Lage sind, mit der kulturellen und sprachlichen Vielfalt in unseren Gesellschaften umzugehen und in Überschneidungssituationen... bei internationalen Begegnungen und Auslandsaufenthalten kompetent zu handeln. (Leiprecht, 2002: 44)

5 "Culture is the way we do things around here." "Culture is what surrounds us." Take a couple of minutes to think about the two directions these statements are taking. 1) The way we behave 2) The material dimensions

6 Cotext / Situational Context: I don t think you ought to smoke in here. Why on earth are you smoking? Stop smoking for goodness sake? Put that filthy cigarette out. Be an angel will you and stop smoking? I d be very grateful if you d put your cigarette out!

7 Context / Socio-cultural Context Maggie Thatcher Milk Snatcher

8 All the world s a stage - and I am leaving on the next one! William Shakespeare - All the world's a stage (from As You Like It 2/7) All the world's a stage, And all the men and women merely players:

9 Byram's model of ICC (1997) Attitudes of curiosity and openness, readiness to suspend disbelief about other cultures and belief about one's own Attitudes... Knowledge of social groups and their products and practices in one's own and in one's interlocutor's country, and of the general Knowledge process of societal and... individual interaction. Skills of interpreting and relating: ability to interpret a document Skills or event & from Willingness another culture, to... explain it and relate it to documents [and events] from one's own. to discover/put into perspective to (inter)act appropriately Skills of discovery and interaction: ability to acquire new knowledge of a culture and cultural practices and the ability to operate [appropriately] under the constraints of real-time communication and interaction. Cultural Awareness... Critical cultural awareness/political education: an ability to evaluate critically perspectives, practices and products in one's own and other cultures and countries

10 The Third Place is... a place, which grows in the interstices between the cultures the learner grew up with and new cultures he or she is being introduced to (Kramsch, 1993, 236). Kramsch talks metaphorically of a bridge somewhere inbetween the cultures, in the middle of which one ideally meets in intercultural encounters.

11 The Third Place is best approached by means of contact-based, process-oriented, as well as project-based learning, in order to discover & accept the similarities, but also the differences between the cultures and thus develop true intercultural competence.

12 (Inter)cultural learning must take into account attitudes, skills and critical awareness as well as knowledge of the target culture. Any course in Cultural Studies must therefore provide activities and content which will support the development of all these elements as opposed to merely supplying up-to-date factual information on the target culture.

13 Task Think about and answer the following questions: How can we naturally integrate cultural topics into my (language) teaching? Which cultures should I be teaching? (British, US American, Australian, etc?) How do I keep up with cultural developments in English-speaking countries? How does the task-based approach lend itself to teaching cultural studies?

14 Examples: Projects (Encounter) WebQuests Working with authentic texts language encounter via cognitive tools

15 Thank you for your attention

16 Allgemeines Groblernziel des Unterrichts ist,... Sprache als Ausdruck fremder Verhältnisse, Denkund Handlungs- und Redeweisen zu erfassen. Über das Medium Fremdsprachenunterricht soll die allgemeine Fähigkeit zum praktischen Umgang mit Fremdem und Fremden gefördert werden. (Bachmann et al., 1995)

17 KonstruktiVismus Lernen ist ein (inter)aktiver Prozess, bei dem Lernende neues Wissen und neue Konzepte auf der Grundlage bereits vorhandenen Wissens konstruieren.... knowledge is not passively received, but is actively built up by the cognizing subject.... That is, as much as we would like to, we cannot put ideas into student s heads, they will and must construct their own meanings.... (Wheatley 1991: 9)

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