OUT OF THE DARK Building Performance Transparency Through Energy Monitoring. DI Christian Steininger Mag. René Toth

Transkript

1 OUT OF THE DARK Building Performance Transparency Through Energy Monitoring DI Christian Steininger Mag. René Toth 22. Februar 2013

2 2 Why Energy Monitoring? comparison of buildings creation of a comprehensive data base for optimization base for further development tangible Data from real buildings hardly exists example pumps there exists a lack of transparency concerning the performance of pumps in real operating conditions

3 3 The Basic Idea: determination of benchmarks ( real time ) presentation of energy flows identification of potential for optimization analysis function: large-scale consumers/individual analysis observing of night-time-/weekend-consumption ( standby of building ) analysis of failures transparency/information for the building owner enhancing building performance

4 4 Challenges: Complexity of large-scale buildings Analysis of Energy Flows running of offices public grids techn. equipment customer generation infrastructure secondary areas

5 customer generation public grids Out of the Dark Energy Monitoring 5 Challenges: Complexity of large-scale buildings Analysis of Energy Flows electr. energy running of offices natural gas water techn. equipment district heating district cooling infrastructure geothermal energy secondary areas photovoltaics river water

6 customer generation public grids Out of the Dark Energy Monitoring 6 Challenges: Complexity of large-scale buildings Analysis of Energy Flows electr. energy natural gas running of offices - lighting - ventilation - IT - air condition water district heating district cooling techn. equipment infrastructure - cold production - heat production - air supply - energy distribution - elevators - garage - common spaces geothermal energy photovoltaics secondary areas - conference spaces - kitchen - restaurant - fitness center etc. river water

7 7 Challenges: Example: energy process cold production Q E elect. energy PG Q E elect. energy EPS Q E cooling water cold production Q N cold water QV losses

8 8 Challenges:

9 9 Problem: How can the complexity of large-scale buildings be subdivided in reasonable, evaluable units? energy flows have to be determinable/analyzable mode of operation/interaction of different installations has to be identified and fully understood connections between different energy carriers (electricity, heat, cold, gas, water, ) have to be established data has to be linked meaningfully prepartion of a comprehensive monitoring concept is ineviteable

10 10 Monitoring Concept: structure of building installations has to be well designed creation of meaningful, hierarchic levels from energy generation to energy consumption is necessary formation of generator-/consumption-groups definition of energy processes coding of metering points (uniqueness)

11 11 Metering Concept: primary use: benchmarks have to be determinable interconnections have to be presentable optimization of metering points (physical/virtual)

12 12 System Design: Examination/analysis of complex energy processes needs a suitable linking of metering points. keyword: bus systems a lot of different systems available (M-Bus, ModBus, BACNet, IP, proprietary systems, ) compatibility limited even standardized bus systems show manufactuerer specific characteristics (e.g.: Modbus Modbus) differences in performance (data transmission rate) considerations concerning the sytem design: unification of bus systems (e.g. IP-network, data logger) own structure for energy monitoring or integration in existing network structures? ammount of data to be transferred? is it possible to gather data directly from equipment/installations?

13 13 Data Evaluation data is saved in databases visualisation analysis reporting numerous different tools available Which forms of analyses are needed? Which additional functions are needed (e.g. alarming, autom. reporting)? Which forms of presentation are needed?

14 14 Example 1: Energy Efficient Data Center basic idea: At present efficieny of energy input is hardly observed. Wrong dimensioning of installations leads to losses in efficiency. Efficieny of installations in a lot of cases unknown. With the help of analysation of energy flows, potentials for optimization shall be highlighted, life cycle costs reduced and therefore the productivity of the enterprise enhanced. Moreover the quality of energy supply shall be documented. determination of benchmarks Total facility Power Usage Effectiven ess (PUE) IT equipment power power

15 15 Example 1: Energy Efficient Data Center Step 1: analysis of energy flows energy demand energy carriers energy-/transformation-processes consumption groups losses Quelle: Zimota 2010, S. 54

16 16 Example 1: Energy Efficient Data Center Step 2: realization electrical energy meters: 156 physical, 79 virtual heat meter: 38 Stk. Diesel-flow-meter: 2 Stk. water-flow-meter: 2 Stk. costs per metering point: ca. 800

17 17 Example 1: Energy Efficient Data Center Step 3: data evaluation PUE Overview of selected data on start-screen of EMS

18 18 Example 1: Energy Efficient Data Center Step 3: data evaluation PUE Different styles of data visualisation (e.g. comparison of electrical and cooling energy consumption for different rooms)

19 19 Example 1: Energy Efficient Data Center Step 3: data evaluation Illustration PUE over half-year-period

20 20 Example 1: Energy Efficient Data Center Step 3: data evaluation Energy Efficiency Ratio (EER) before and after solving a problem with pumps

21 21 Example 1: Energy Efficient Data Center Step 3: data evaluation Illustration of 15 min. mean values (red) in comparison with min/max Data (green)

22 22 Example 1: Energy Efficient Data Center Step 3: data evaluation Documentation of quality of power supply

23 23 Example 2: Raiffeisen Klimaschutz Hochhaus basic idea: construction of an energy efficient, archetype, model building certification according to the passive house-standard transparency in energy consumption optimisation during operation determination/optimisation of standby-losses

24 24 Example 2: Raiffeisen Klimaschutz Hochhaus concept of energy supply: very complex design use of a broad variety of energy carriers optimised use of primary energy supply use of resources from the location (danube canal, photovoltaics, geothermal energy, waste heat data-center)

25 25 Example 2: Raiffeisen Klimaschutz Hochhaus monitoring concept: structure of energy flows has to be presentable measuring of primary-energy-inputs measuring of energy consumption large-scale installations/transformation equipment (cooling units, UPS, CHP, ) controls/automation areas of special use (kitchen, restaurant, coffeshop, garage, ) separation into consumption groups analysis of user behaviour through detailled measurements

26 26 Example 2: Raiffeisen Klimaschutz Hochhaus monitoring concept: analysis of user behaviour through detailled measurements Lighting general areas/office areas office tools (IT, copiers, ) safety features and equipment control sytems/automation secondary areas (sanitary facilities, kitchenettes, storage rooms) air-conditioning office areas air-conditioning IT-areas

27 27 Example 2: Raiffeisen Klimaschutz Hochhaus presentation/archiving of data: data archivation in database evaluation of energy flows with independent software solution data analysis presentation of energy flows/deriving of benchmarks automated reports access to system via web-clients supply of real-time data for multimedia-based visualisation

28 28 Example 2: Raiffeisen Klimaschutz Hochhaus realization: electrical energy meters: 266 Zähler heat meters: 192 Zähler flow-meters (water): 61 Zähler flow-meter (gas): 1 pcs. data gatherd directly from communication-interfaces: 71 pcs. costs per metering point: ca. 400

29 29 Example 2: Raiffeisen Klimaschutz Hochhaus Visualisation for public: - visualisation of energy flows - overview of energy supply and energy consumption visualisation checkpointmedia

30 30 Example 2: Raiffeisen Klimaschutz Hochhaus Visualisation for public: - detailed visualisation of diff- erent consumption gruoups - visualisations for electrical, heating and cooling energy visualisation checkpointmedia

31 31 Example 2: Raiffeisen Klimaschutz Hochhaus Visualisation for public: - overview of energy supply - comparison with other buildings visualisation checkpointmedia

32 32 Example 2: Raiffeisen Klimaschutz Hochhaus Visualisation for public: - visualisation of energy supply from public grids in comparison with energy generation on site visualisation checkpointmedia

33 33 Example 2: Raiffeisen Klimaschutz Hochhaus Visualisation for public:

34 34 Summary: EMS can contribute to enhancing transparency through: increasing awareness for topics realted to energy efficiency the creation of a significant data base, on which conclusions for future projects can be drawn identification and optimization of large-scale consumers identification of hidden standby-consumers gathering of data mustn t become and end in itself Analysis has to be carried out in cooperation of experts for building services, building engineering and the technical facility service provider.

35 35 Questions?