BIOENERGY-DAY EMISSIONEN AUS BIOMASSEFEUERUNGEN - RAUCHGASREINIGUNG UND WÄRMERÜCKGEWINNUNG DI(FH) DR. DOMINIK STEINER MSC ANLAGENTECHNIK

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1 BIOENERGY-DAY EMISSIONEN AUS BIOMASSEFEUERUNGEN - RAUCHGASREINIGUNG UND WÄRMERÜCKGEWINNUNG DI(FH) DR. DOMINIK STEINER MSC ANLAGENTECHNIK

2 VITA Dominik Steiner geb verheiratet, 2 Kinder Lehre als Elektroinstallateur Abend-HTL Elektrotechnik FH-Wels, Bio- und Umwelttechnik UMA St. Pölten, Management und Umwelt TU Wien, Dissertation Verfahrenstechnik Tätigkeiten im Bereich Gebäudeautomation und Energieconsulting seit 2005 Scheuch GmbH Abteilung F&E 07-12/2011 tätig für Scheuch Inc., London, ON, Canada seit 2012 Anlagentechnik Energieindustrie 2

3 SCHEUCH GMBH AUROLZMÜNSTER, AUSTRIA Scheuch GmbH Zahlen & Fakten Eigentümer Geschäftsführer Scheuch Privatstiftung (Familie Scheuch) DI Stefan Scheuch (Technik, Produktion, QM, IT) DI Jörg Jeliniewski (Vertrieb, Personal, Finanzen, Marketing) MitarbeiterInnen Umsatz Aufwand F&E 665 in Aurolzmünster 785 Scheuch Gruppe EUR 139,6 Mio. EUR 3 Mio. p.a. Hr. Stefan Scheuch (li.), Hr. Jörg Jeliniewski Exportanteil 75 % 3

4 SCHEUCH AND BIOMASS - EMISSION CONTROLS Bag Filters (Dry Sorption) ESP s Wet and Dry Scrubbers Fans Conveying and Discharge Devices Cyclones/MC Energy Recovery 4

5 BIOMASS BIOMASS Woody Biomass Non-Woody Biomass Pellets Wood Chips EFB Empty Fruit Bunches Sunflower Hulls Bark Whole Trees Coffee Ground Nut Shells Pictures:

6 BIOMASS COMBUSTION EMISSIONS Compound Formula Origin Primary control (PC) Secondary control (SC) Carbon dioxide CO 2 Carbon in fuel Carbon monoxide CO Unburned Carbon in fuel Hydrocarbons C X H Y Unburned carbon/hydrogen Nitrogen oxides Hydrogen chloride NO X N in fuel and prompt/thermal NO x Staged combustion / Design Good combustion Staged combustion / FGR HCl Cl in fuel Fuel with less Cl Sulfur oxides SO X S in fuel Fuel with less S Particulate matter PM Ash content of fuel/ Unburned fuel Low velocities in fuel bed, good combustion Primary control sufficient Primary control sufficient SNCR or even SCR (for N-rich fuels) Dry sorption (for Cl-rich fuels) Dry sorption (for S-rich fuels) Centrifugal separators, bag filters, ESPs (scrubbers) Wooden biomass - - No SC needed No SC needed No SC needed 6

7 PARTICLE FORMATION 4) BIEDERMANN,F., OBERNBERGER, I.; (2005) Ash-related Problems during Biomass Combustion and Possibilities for a Sustainable Ash Utilisation, in Proceedings of the International Conference World Renewable Energy Congress (WREC), May, Aberdeen, Scotland, Elsvier Ltd., Oxford, UK 7

8 PARTICLE SIZES WHAT ARE WE TALKING ABOUT?

9 PM PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION Aerosols Coarse Fly Ash 5) OBERNBERGER, I., BRUNNER, T., JÖLLER, M. (EDITORS); (2003) Final Report: Aerosols in fixed-bed biomass combustion - formation, growth, chemical composition, deposition, precipitation and separation from flue gas: Project No.: NNE ; available at: 9

10 ASH FRACTIONS Combustion chamber Centrifugal separator Secondary control ESP or Bag Filter Coarse ash coarse fly ash PM10 Obernberger, I.: (2005) Asche aus Biomassefeuerungen Charakteristik und Aufbereitung; Presentation at Verwertung von Aschen aus Biomasseheizanlagen Tagung, Download:

11 AEROSOL EMISSIONS PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION Almond Nut Shells Sunflower Hulls Coffee Ground Sommersacher, P., Brunner, Th., Obernberger, I. (2012) Fuel Indexes: A Novel Method for the Evaluation of Relevant Combustion Properties of New Biomass Fuels ; Energy&Fuels , p

12 CENTRIFUGAL SEPARATOR Operating Principle: centrifugal force Axial type (Multicyclone) Tangential type Particles accelerated towards separator wall Removed particles move downwards due to gravity and flue gas flow 12

13 ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATION Operating Principle: electrostatic force Discharge electrode Discharge electrode Scheuch Particles precipitated at Collection Electrodes and removed via interval rapping 13

14 FABRIC FILTER Operating Principle: surface filtration (sieving, inertial impaction, diffusion, interception) Particles are collected on media surface removed via jet stream cleaning 14

15 FRACTIONAL SEPARATION EFFICIENCY 15

16 NON-WOODY BIOMASS ASH MELTING BEHAVIOUR antlers on DE tips Scheuch 16

17 INCOMPLETE COMBUSTION Redefining Black Box 17

18 ENERGY RECOVERY SYSTEMS 18

19 ENERGY RECOVERY ON BIOMASS BOILERS 19

20 ENERGY RECOVERY ON BIOMASS BOILERS Umgebungsluft NT-Bündel 30 C max. 60 C zum ORC Kesselleistung 4600 kw 185 C HT-Bündel C 100 C ECO 460 kw Trocknerluft 80 C vom ORC 39 C 20 C Kondensator 940 kw 20

21 THERMODYNAMIC PROCESS 21

22 ENERGY RECOVERY AND DEPLUMING Energy Recovery with Depluming System Example: Thalgau 2,5 MW 22

23 DEPLUMING SYSTEM 23

24 THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION! CONTACT: