Doing Succession in Europe

Transkript

1 Doing Succession in Europe Generational Transfers in Family Businesses in Comparative Perspective Edited by Isabel! Stamm, Peter Breitschmid, Martin Kohti Budrich UniPfess Schulthess 2011

2 VII Table of Contents Acknowledgements Table of Contents List of Authors Abbreviations List of Tables List of Figures V VII IX XV XVII XXI XXIII Part A 1 The Necessity of a Comparative Perspective on Succession 1) Introduction: Generational Succession in the Family Firm 3 Isabell Stamm /Nicole Schmiade /Martin KohW Peter Breitschmid 2) Family Firms in European Economic History 29 Andrea Colli PartB \. 59 Institutional Premises for Succession in Family Businesses 1) Family, Community and State: Some Implicit Contracts in European Family Life 67 Patrick Heady 2) Familialism in Germany, Italy and Switzerland: A Frame for Succession in Family Enterprises? 85 Sigrid Leitner 3) Knowledge and Resource Provision for Managing Family Succession: Evidences in Italian Clusters 101 Lorenzo Zanni / Costanza Nosi 4) The Restoration of a Family Capitalism in East Germany and Some Possible Consequences 129 Katharina Bluhm / Bernd Martens 5) Bequests: Motives, Model, Money 153 Marc Szydlik 6) Aktuelle Entwicklungslinien von Erbrecht und Erbschaftssteuer mit Blick auf die Nachfolge in Familienunternehmen vorab in der Schweiz, Deutschland undltalien 173 Peter Breitschmid

3 VITT Table of Contents PartC 213 Succession as Generational Negotiation 1) Ownership Perceptions in Family Businesses - Psychological Difficulties of the Retiring Owner-Manager 215 Fabian Bernhard / Peter Jaskiewicz 2) Succession as Transition in the Life Course 243 Isabell Stamm / Elisa Marchese PartD 267 Practicing Generational Transfers Across Europe 1) Eigentumstransfer an Familienunternehmen in der Schweiz - erbrechtliche Aspekte 271 Paul Eitel 2) Family Business Succession Planning in Germany- Strategies for Intergenerational Transfer in a Globalized World 299 Roland Krause 3) Transferring Business Ownership in Italian Family Enterprises 315 Andrea Fusaro 4) Wie konnen Familienunternehmer ihren Ruhestand finanzieren? 325 Ueli Kieser 5) Vorsorge fiir Familienunternehmer und Sicherung des Familienvermogens in Deutschland 347 Andreas Wiedemann /Bertram Layer PartE 361 Doing Succesion in Europe 1) Conclusion: Succession Regimes Across Europe? 363 Isabell Stamm / Martin Kohli /Peter Breitschmid, Index.' 383

4 IX Acknowledgements Table of Contents List of Authors Abbreviations V VII IX XV XVII List of Tables.,.- XXI List of Figures XXIII Part A 1 The Necessity of a Comparative Perspective on Succession 1) Introduction: Generational Succession in the Family Firm 3 Isabell Stamm /Nicole Schmiade /Martin Kohli/Peter Breitschmid 1. A multidisciplinary perspective 3 2. The development of the family business research > field 5 3. Definitions of family business 8 4. Family businesses in Europe Succession as prominent research topic and urgent research question What is succession? The institutional embeddedness of succession Purpose and structure of the book References 20 2) Family Firms in European Economic History 29 Andrea Colli 1. Introduction Large family firms in Europe between theory and history Is there a European Family Firm? Family firms and European culture Concluding: Survival through adaptation References 53 PartB 59 Institutional Premises for Succession in Family Businesses I. The Family and the Welfare State 1) Family, Community and State: Some Implicit Contracts in European Family Life 67 Patrick Heady

5 X Abstract Introduction: a very old pattern indeed Farming, kinship and succession Strategy, culture and implicit contracts Some fairly old patterns: macro-regional differences between European kinship cultures The same patterns - expressed as implicit contracts The changing balance between kinship and state: from agriculture to the knowledge economy Implications for family enterprise References 81 2) Familialism in Germany, Italy and Switzerland: A Frame for Succession in Family Enterprises? 85 Sigrid Leitner II. 1. Introduction: What is familialism? Theoretical foundations of the concept Instruments and types of familialism in Germany, Italy and Switzerland Familialism and the succession in family enterprises: hypothesis References 96 Forms of Capitalism 3) Knowledge and Resource Provision for Managing Family Succession: Evidences in Italian Clusters 101 Lorenzo Zanni / Costanza Nosi Abstract Family firms and Industrial Districts in Italy Research methodology Family Business Cases Concluding remarks, limitations, and suggestions for further research References 123 4) The Restoration of a Family Capitalism in East Germany ' and Some Possible Consequences 129 Katharina Bluhm / Bernd Martens Abstract Introduction Eurostat data on SMEs in Europe The Jena project on management change in SMEs Social features of East German companies Consequences Conclusions References 147

6 XI III. Inheritance and Inheritance Law 5) Bequests: Motives, Model, Money 153 Marc Szydlik 1. Introduction Motives Model Money Conclusions References 168 6) Aktuelle Entwicklungslinien von Erbrecht und Erbschaftssteuer mit Blick auf die Nachfolge in Familienunternehmen vorab in der Schweiz, Deutschland und Italien 173 Peter Breitschmid 1. Unternehmensnachfolge in erbrechtskritischer Zeit Risiken von Leben, Tod und (Erb-)Recht fur Unternehmerlnnen (und deren Erblnnen) Allgemeine (unternehmens-)erbrechtliche Tendenzen Schweizerische" Uberlegungen Querblick auf Deutschland Querblick auf Italien Weitere Trends - Uberblick und Zusammenfassung References 20'6 9. Materialienverzeichnis 210 PartC 213 Succession as Generational Negotiation 1) Ownership Perceptions in Family Businesses - Psychological Difficulties of the Retiring Owner-Manager 215 Fabian Bernhard / Peter Jaskiewicz 1. Definitions and Relevance From the Psychology of Ownership to Psychological Ownership The Business as Object of Psychological Ownership Consequences of Psychological Ownership Difficulties to Transitioning Ownership Routes to Founder-Managers' Psychological Ownership Ties Intergenerational Comparison Conclusion ' Outlook References 235

7 XII 2) Succession as Transition in the Life Course 243 Isabell Stamm / Elisa Marchese Abstract Succession from a life course perspective Methodological design Pathways into the family business Succession as biographical challenge Why do family entrepreneurs decide for succession? References 262 PartD 267 Practicing Generational Transfers Across Europe I. The Transfer of Ownership in Family Businesses 1) Eigentumstransfer an Familienunternehmen in der Schweiz - erbrechtliche Aspekte 271 Paul Eitel Abstract Einfuhrung Allgemeines; gesetzliches Erbrecht und Erbteilungsrecht Gewillkiirte Unternehmensnachfolge I: Verfligungen von Todes wegen Gewillkurte Unternehmensnachfolge II: Verfligungen unter Lebenden References 296 2) Family Business Succession Planning in Germany- Strategies for Intergenerational Transfer in a Globalized World 299 Roland Krause 1. Introduction German Inheritance Tax reform of Conclusion References 311 3) Transferring Business Ownership in Italian Family Enterprises 315 Andrea Fusaro II. 1. Introduction The Italian case References 321 The Provision for Entrepreneurial Family Members and Family Solidarity 4) Wie konnen Familienunternehmer ihren Ruhestand finanzieren? 325 Ueli Kieser Abstract 325

8 XIII 1. Einordnung der Fragestellung Aufbau des Beitrags Alter als sozialversicherungsrechtliches Risiko Leistungen der Alters- und Hinterlassenenversicherung (AHV) Leistungen der beruflichen Vorsorge Privatversicherungsrechtliche Leistungen Leistungen der Saulen 3a und 3b Steuerrechtliche Aspekte bei Altersleistungen Sozialversicherungsrechtliche Aspekte beim Unternehmensverkauf "10. References 345 5) Vorsorge fur Familienunternehmer und Sicherung des Familienvermogens in Deutschland 347 Andreas Wiedemann /Bertram Layer Abstract 347 l.einleitung Rahmendaten zur Vorsorgesituation bei Familienunternehmern in Deutschland Grundsatzliche MOglichkeiten der Vorsorge fur Familienunternehmer Erganzende Steuerliche Aspekte der Vorsorge im Familienunternehmen Strategische Erfolgsfaktoren und Instrumente fur eine erfolgreiche Vorsorge fur Familienunternehmer 357 PartE 361 Doing Succesion in Europe 1) Conclusion: Succession Regimes Across Europe? 363 Isabell Stamm /Martin Kohli /Peter Breitschmid 1. Connecting steps European family businesses and their institutional premises Some hypotheses on European succession patterns References 381 Index! 383