Module 15 Comparison of Electricity Generating Costs

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1 Module 15 Comparison of Electricity Generating Costs Prof.Dr. Böck Vienna University of Technology Atominstitute Stadionallee 2 A-1020 Vienna, Austria ph: boeck@ati.ac.at

2 European Union domestic production of primary energy in 2013 Gross Electricity production in 2013: 876,8 GWh (+10,3% from 1990) NPP: 29% Renewables: 24% Solid fuel : 20% Gas: 17% Oil: 9% NucNet Weekly News Review / 13 February 2015

3 Electricity generating costs without emission trading

4 Electricity generation costs ( /MWh) without emission trading Energy-Analysis-of-Power-Systems/ (See Table 2: Life Cycle Energy Ratios for Various Technologies) (%Input/Lifetime output)

5 Electricity generating costs with emission trading

6 Electricity generating costs ( /MWh) with emission trading at 23 /to CO2

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8 Uranium in Earth Crust

9 Uranium Resources

10 Material Balance of Fuel Cycle

11 Cost of 1 kg uranium fuel UO2 June 2013

12 Life Cycle Energy Requirement for NPP s

13 Impact of Investment Costs on Power Generation Costs

14 Impact of Fuel Costs on Power Generation Costs

15 Impact of Emission Price on Power Genereation Costs

16 Impact onf Interest Rate on Power Generation Costs

17 Impact of Power Plant Economic Life Time

18 Impact of Full Capacity Hours on Power Generation Costs

19 Fuel Prices as of January 2008

20 Fuel Price & Increment due to Emission Price of 23/to CO2

21 Average Annual Power Plant Efficiencies

22 Specific Investment Costs of Power Plants ( /kw)

23 Operation and Maintenance Costs

24 EROI = Energy return On Investment: Energy delivered by a process to energy used directly or indirectly by this process Energy-Analysis-of-Power-Systems/

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27 VERA Sem. TU Wien Electricity demand during the day 27 Definition: load = demand Tue Peak load power (MW) Base load 12:00 6:00 18:00 time (h) Important: Demand has to be met by supply for every moment

28 VERA Sem. TU Wien Electricity demand during the week 28 Mo Tue Wed Th Fr Sa Su power (MW) time (days)

29 VERA Sem. TU Wien Electricity demand during the year during the week at the weekend Christmas period J F M A M J J A S O N D time (months)

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31 Österreichs Öko-Scheinwelt Die Presse Fast 20% Nettostrom (Export bereits abgezogen) aus tschechischen und anderen Braunkohle- und Kernkraftwerken Durch Ankauf von Emissionszertifikaten exportieren wir Treibhausgase in die Nachbarländer EU Vorgabe für 2030 (-40% gegenüber Kyoto) ist chancenlos Hinkley Point mit 12c/kWh subventioniert Solarstrom mit 26 c/kwh durch Ökostromförderbeitrag (zahlt jeder von uns mit Stromrechnung), Holz mit 13c/kWh Braunkohle in Deutschland mit mehr als 10 Milliarden /y subventioniert

32 Ökostrom in Österreich cents/kwh (Kurier ) Windkraft: 9,7 Fotovoltaik: Biomasse: 10-18,5 Fördersummen 2010: Bio: 192 M Wind: 86 M Fotovoltaik: 11 M

33 Percent of Nuclear Energy in Austrian power grid in 2010 and ,00 (calculated out of data provided by ENTSO-E, urldate: ) 12,00 10,00 percent (%) 8,00 6, ,00 2,00 0,00 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec month

34 Energieaufwand Beschneiung 2014 in Österreich ca Beschneiungsanlagen mit ca 20 kw Leistung In 400 h soviel wie zwei Haushalte im ganzen Jahr Wasserverbrauch von 600 lt / min Für 1h Skipiste Grundbeschneiung 10e6 lt Wasser und kwh Kosten der Beschneiung macht ca 15% des Skipasses Schladming: 700 Kanonen, m3 /Tag, Kosten ca 90 k /Tag In letzten 10 Jahren 4500 Kanonen installiert 70% aller Pisten in Österreich beschneit 1,5-4,5 pro m3 Schnee

35 Pub Outdoor Gas Radiators 32 radiators operating for 10h/day kwh Equal to consumption of 50 private households

36 Bei Black-out Wired phones are dead, mobil phones depend on the battery life TV, Radio without batteries fail Internet is dead as routers fail Rail transport fails, passengers have to be evacuated from tunnels All gates from and to car parks do not open Gas stations fail as pumps do not work Elevators and mobile stairways fail Home and street electricity supply fails, streets and tunnels are dark Heating and AC systems fail Industries are stopped Water supply fails due to pump failure Waste water discharge does not work All farm animals are in danger if heating fails All shops have to close as cash points do not function All banks and money dispensers do not operate Hospitals have to reduce intensive care as they run on emergency diesel Public intervention teams (police, fire brigades, ambulances) have drastically to reduce their services to urgent emergency cases

37 What you should remember Impact of investment costs on electricity price (higest-lowest) Impact of fuel cost on electricity price (highest-lowest) Approx. fraction of nuclear generated electricity in Austrian grid Typical base load power stations

38 References 1.Lappeenranta University of Technology: Faculty of Technology Department of Energy and Environmental Technology, Research report EN A