Visions of Community in the Post-Roman World SOURCES

Transkript

1 SOURCES Abū Bakr Abd Allāh b. Muḥammad Al-Mālikī, Riyāḍ al-nufūs, ed. B. al-bakkhūsh, rev. M. al- Arūsī al-maṭwī (Beirut, ). Abū ʿĪsā Al-Warrāq, Al-radd ʿalā-l-tathlīth, ed. David Thomas (Cambridge, 2002). Abū l-fidā, Taqwīm al-buldān, ed. Joseph Toussaint Reinaud and William MacGuckin de Slane (Paris, 1849). Abū Yūsuf, Kitāb al-kharāj, ed. Iḥsān Abbās (Beirut, 1985). Acta Conciliorum Oecumenicorum IV, 2, ed. Eduard Schwartz (Strasbourg, 1914). Actes de Marḥa Krestos, ed. Stanislas Kur (Louvain, 1972). Adamus Bremensis, Gesta Hammaburgensis Ecclesiae Pontificum, ed. Werner Trillmich and Rudolf Buchner, Quellen des 9. und 11. Jahrhunderts zur Geschichte der hamburgischen Kirche und des Reiches (Darmstadt, 1961), pp Adamnan, De locis sanctis, ed. Ludwig Bieler, CC SL, 175 (Turnhout, 1965), pp Admonitio ad omnes regni ordines, ed. Alfred Boretius, MGH LL, Capitularia regum Francorum, 1 (Hanover, 1883), p Seitenangabe passt glaube ich, denn es ist ja nur eine spezielle Admonitio würde ich meinen Admonitio generalis, ed. Alfred Boretius, MGH LL, Capitularia regum Francorum, 1 (Hanover, 1883), pp Aethicus Ister, Cosmographia, ed. Otto Prinz, Die Kosmographie des Aethicus, MGH Quellen zur Geistesgeschichte des Mittelalters, 14 (Munich, 1993). Agapius (Mahboub) of Menbidj, Kitāb al- Unvan, ed. Alexander Alexandrovich Vasiliev, Kitab al- Unvan, Histoire universelle, PO 8,3 (1912), pp Ahimaaz of Oria, Chronicle, ed. Marcus Salzman, The Chronicle of Ahimaaz, Columbia University Oriental Studies, 18 (New York, 1924, repr. 1966). Aḥmad Badawī, Awrūsiyūs tārīkh al-ʿālam (Beirut, 1982). Aḥmad b.abī Al-Yaqūbī, Kitāb al-buldān, ed. Michael Jan de Goeje (Leiden, 1892). Ahmad b. Fadlān, ed. Ahmed Zeki Validi Togan, Ibn Fadlān s Reisebericht, Abhandlungen für die Kunde des Morgenlandes, 24,3 (Leipzig, 1939, repr. Frankfurt am Main, 1994). Georgios Akropolites, Historia, ed. August Heisenberg and Peter Wirth, George Acropolites, Opera (2 vols, Stuttgart, 1978), vol. 1. Alcuin, Vita Willibrordi, ed. Hans-Joachim Reischmann, Willibrord - Apostel der Friesen (Darmstadt, 1989). 1

2 Ambrosius, De fide ad Gratianum Augustum, ed. Otto Faller, CSEL, 78 (Vienna, 1962). Ammianus Marcellinus, Res gestae, ed. Wolfgang Seyfarth (4 vols, Berlin, 1971). Anales Complutenses, ed. Enrique Flórez, España Sagrada (50 vols, ed. Enrique Flórez and others, Madrid, ), vol. 23. Anales Toledanos, ed. Manuel Risco, España Sagrada (50 vols, ed. Enrique Flórez and others, Madrid, ), vol. 30. Anastasius Bibliothecarius, Collectanea, PL, 129 (Paris, 1879), cols Anastasius Sinaita, Quaestiones et responsiones, ed. Marcel Richard and Joseph A. Munitiz, CC SG, 59 (Turnhout, 2006). Anna Komnene, Alexias, ed. Bernard Leib (3 vols., Paris, 1937, 1943, 1945) and Paul Gautier (Paris, 1976); ed. Diether Roderich Reinsch and Athanasios Kambylis, Corpus Fontium Historiae Byzantinae [40] (Berlin, 2001). Annales Bertiniani, ed. Felix Grat, Jeanne Vielliard, Suzanne Clémencet und Léon Levillain (Paris, 1964); ed. Georg Waitz, MGH SS rerum Germanicarum in usum scholarum separatim editi, [5] (Hanover, 1883); trans. Janet L. Nelson, The Annals of St Bertin, Manchester Medieval Sources (Manchester, New York, 1991). Annales Fuldenses, ed. Friedrich Kurze, MGH SS rerum Germanicarum in usum scholarum separatim editi [7] (Hanover, 1891). Annales Mettenses priores, ed. Bernhard von Simson, MGH SS rerum Germanicarum in usum scholarum separatim editi [10] (Hanover, 1905). (nach den Annales regni Francorum) Annales qui dicuntur Einhardi, ed. Friedrich Kurze, MGH SS rerum Germanicarum in usum scholarum separatim editi [6] (Hanover, 1895). Annales regni Francorum, ed. Friedrich Kurze, MGH SS rerum Germanicarum in usum scholarum separatim editi [6] (Hanover, 1895). Annales sancti Amandi. Continuatio altera, ed. Georg Heinrich Pertz, MGH Scriptores, 1 (Hanover, 1826). Arethas of Kaisareia, ed. PG, 106, cols Armes Prydein: The Prophecy of Britain, ed. Ifor Williams, trans. Rachel Bromwich, Mediaeval and Modern Welsh Series, 6 (Dublin, 1972). al-shahrastānī, Kitāb al-milal wa l-niḥal (Le livre des religions et sectes), transl. Daniel Gimaret and Guy Monnot (2 vols, Leuven, 1986, 1993). Asserius Menevensis, De rebus gestis Aelfredi, ed. William Henry Stevenson (Oxford, 1904). 2

3 Astronomus, Vita Hludowici imperatoris, ed. Ernst Tremp, MGH SS rerum Germanicarum in usum scholarum separatim editi, 64 (Hanover, 1995). Augustinus, Epistulae, ed. Alois Goldbacher, CSEL, 34 (2 vols, Vienna, ). Avitus, Epistulae, ed. Rudolf Peiper, MGH AA, 6,2 (Berlin, 1883); trans. Danuta Shanzer and Ian Wood, Avitus of Vienne, Letters and Selected Prose (Liverpool, 2002). Babai the Great, Martyrdom of Christina, ed. Paul Bedjan, Acta martyrum et sanctorum IV (Paris, Leipzig, 1895), pp Al-Bakrī, Jughrāfīyyāt al-andalus wa- urūbba min kitāb al-masālik wa-l-mamālik, ed. Abd al- Rahmān Alī El-Hajji (Beirut, 1968); ed. Adrian P. van Leeuwen and Andre Ferre, Kitāb almasālik wa l-mamālik (Carthage, 1992). Al-Bakrī, Kitāb Hurūshiyūsh, ed. Mayte Penelas, Traducción árabe de las Historiae adversus paganos de Orosio (Madrid, 2001). Al-Balādhurī, Anonyme arabische Chronik (vol ix of the Ansāb), ed. Wilhelm Ahlwardt (Greifswald, 1883). Al-Balādhurī, Ansāb al-ashrāf, V, ed. Shlomo Dov Goitein (Jerusalem, 1936). Al-Balādhurī, Futūḥ al-buldān, ed. Michael Jan de Goeje (Leiden, 1866, repr and 1992). Basilicorum libri LX, ser. A, ed. Herman Jan Scheltema, Nicolaas Van Der Wal (8 vols, Groningen, 1955ff.). Basilius Seleucensis, De vita et miraculis beatae Theclae virginis, ed. Gilbert Dagron, Vie et Miracles de Sainte Thècle. Texte grec, traduction et commentaire, Subsidia hagiographica, 62 (Brussels, 1978). Beda Venerabilis, De locis sanctis, ed. Jean Fraipont, CC SL, 175 (Turnhout, 1965), pp Beda Venerabilis, In principium Genesis usque ad natiuitatem Isaac, ed. Charles Williams Jones, CC SL, 118A (Turnhout, 1967). Beda Venerabilis, In Cantica canticorum, ed. David Hurst, CC SL, 119B (Turnhout, 1983), pp Beda Venerabilis, Expositio actuum apostolorum, ed. Max Laistner, CC SL, 121 (Turnhout, 1983). Beda Venerabilis, Nomina regionum atque locorum de actibus apostolorum, ed. Max Laistner, CC SL, 121 (Turnhout, 1983), pp Beda Venerabilis, De temporum ratione, Charles Williams Jones, CC SL, 123B (Turnhout, 1977); trans. Faith Wallis, The Reckoning of Time, Translated Texts for Historians, 29 (Liverpool, 1999). 3

4 Beda Venerabilis, Historia ecclesiastica gentis Anglorum, ed. Charles Plummer (2 vols, Oxford, 1896) ; ed. J. E. King (2 vols, Cambridge, Mass., London, 1930). Beda Venerabilis, Interpretatio nominum Hebraeorum, PL, 93, cols Roger C. Blockley, The Fragmentary Classicising Historians of the Later Roman Empire: Eunapius, Olympiodorus, Priscus, and Malchus (2 vols, Liverpool, ). Book of the Ḥimyarites, ed. Axel Moberg (Lund, 1924). Breudwyt Maxen Wledic, ed. Brynley Francis Roberts, Medieval and Modern Welsh Series, 11 (Dublin, 2005). Bruno Querfurtensis, Passio Adalberti, 25, ed. Georg Heinrich Pertz, MGH SS, 4 (Hanover, 1841), pp Gaius Iulius Caesar, De bello Gallico libri VII, ed. Otto Seel, C. Iulii Caesaris commentarii, vol. 1 (Leipzig, 1968). Capitula e canonibus excerpta, ed. Alfred Boretius, MGH LL, Capitularia regum Francorum, 1 (Hanover, 1883). Capitulare ecclesiasticum Caroli Magni (?), ed. Hubert Mordek and Gerhard Schmitz, Neue Kapitularien und Kapitulariensammlungen, Deutsches Archiv, 43 (1987): pp , at Capitulare generale Caroli Magni, ed. Hubert Mordek und Gerhard Schmitz, Neue Kapitularien und Kapitulariensammlungen, Deutsches Archiv, 43 (1987): pp , at Capitulare missorum generale, ed. Alfred Boretius, MGH LL, Capitularia regum Francorum, 1 (Hanover, 1883), p. 94. Capitulare missorum item speciale, ed. Alfred Boretius, MGH LL, Capitularia regum Francorum, 1 (Hanover, 1883), p Cassiodorus, Historia tripartita, ed. PG, 69. Cassiodorus, Expositio psalmorum, ed. Marcus Adriaen, CC SL, 97, 98 (Turnhout, 1958). Cassiodor, Variae, ed. Theodor Mommsen, MGH AA, 12 (Berlin, 1894, reprinted Munich, 1981); Cave of Treasures, ed. Andreas Su Min Ri, La caverne des trésors: les deux recensions syriaques (Louvain, 1987), pp Chartae Latinae Antiquiores, ed. Albert Bruckner, Robert Marichal, Guglielmo Cavallo and Giovanna Nicolaj ( ). Chronica Sancti Benedicti Casinensis, 6, ed. Georg Waitz, MGH SS rerum Langobardorum et Italicarum, saec. VI IX. (Hanover, 1878), pp ; ed. Luigi Andrea Berto, Cronicae Sancti Benedicti Casinensis, Editione nazionale dei testi mediolatini, 15 (Florence, 2006). 4

5 Chronicle of Alfonso III., ed. Yves Bonnaz, Chroniques Asturiennes (fin IX e siècle) (Paris, 1987); trans., Kenneth Baxter Wolf, Conquerors and Chroniclers of Early Medieval Spain (Liverpool, 1990). Chronicle of Khuzistan, ed. Ignatius Guidi, Chronicon Anonymum, CSCO 1 2 Scriptores Syri 1 2 (Louvain, 1903). Chronicle of Seert, ed. Addai Scher, Histoire Nestorienne. Chronique de Séert, PO, 4,3, 5,2, 7,2, 13,4 (Paris, ). The Chronicle of Zuqnīn, Parts III and IV, trans. Amir Harrak, Mediaeval sources in translation, 36 (Toronto, 1999). Chronicon Edessenum, ed. Ignazio Guidi, Chronica Minora, 1 (Leuven, 1955). Chronicon miscellaneum ad annum Domini 724 pertinens, ed. Jean-Baptiste Chabot, Chronica Minora, 2 (Leuven, 1955). Chronicon Paschale, ed. Ludwig A. Dindorf (Bonn, 1832). Chronicon pseudo-dionysianum vulgo dictum, vol. 1, ed. Jean-Baptiste Chabot, CSCO, 121 (Leuven, 1949). Chronicon Salernitanum, ed. Ulla Westerbergh, Acta Universitatis Stockholmensis, Studia Latina Stockholmensia 3 (Lund/Stockholm, 1956). Codex epistolaris Carolinus, ed. Wilhelm Gundlach, MGH EE 3, Epistolae Merowingici et Karolini aevi (Berlin, 1892) Codex Justinianus, ed. Paul Krüger, Corpus Juris Civilis, vol. 2 (Berlin, ). Commemoratio genealogiae domni Karoli gloriosissimi imperatoris, ed. Georg Waitz, MGH SS, 13 (Hanover, 1881), p Commodian, Carmen apologeticu, ed. Bernhard Dombart (Vienna, 1897). Concilium universale Constantinopolitanum tertium, ed. Rudolf Riedinger, Acta Conciliorum Oecumenicorum, series secunda, 2 (3 vols, Berlin, ). Continuatio Hispana, 15, ed. Theodor Mommsen, MGH AA, 11. Conventus in villa Colonia, ed. Alfred Boretius und Victor Krause, MGH LL, Capitularia regum Francorum, 2 (Hanover, 1897). Conversio Bagoariorum et Carantanorum, ed. Fritz Lošek, Die Conversio Bagoariorum et Carantanorum und der Brief des Erzbischofs Theotmar von Salzburg, MGH Studien und Texte, 15 (Hanover, 1997), pp. 5-53, Corpus Inscriptionum Graecarum (5 vols, Berlin, ). 5

6 Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum (17 vols, Berlin, 1862-current). Cosmas Indicopleustes, Topographie Chrétienne, 2.54, 56, ed. Wanda Wolska Conus (3 vols, Paris, ). Cyrillonas, Bittgesang für das Allerheiligensfest des Jahres 396 über die Heuschreckenplage und andere Strafgerichte, insbesondere den Hunnenkrieg, ed. Simon Konrad Landersdorfer, Ausgewählte Schriften der syrischen Dichter Cyrillonas, Baläus, Isaak von Antiochien und Jakob von Sarug (Munich, 1913), pp Digesta, ed. Theodor Mommsen, retr. Paul Krüger, in: Corpus Iuris civilis (Berlin, ), also publ. as The Digest of Justinian, Latin text ed. Theodor Mommsen, Engl. trans. Alan Watson (Philadelphia, 1985). Divisio regnorum, ed. Alfred Boretius, MGH LL, Capitularia regum Francorum, 1 (Hanover, 1883), pp Doctrina Jacobi, ed. Gilbert Dagron and Vincent Déroche, Juifs et chrétiens dans l'orient du VII siècle, Travaux et Mémoires, 11 (1991): pp Documenta ad illustrandam historiam, vol. 1, Liber Axumae ed. Carlo Conti Rossini (Paris, 1909). Early Welsh Genealogical Tracts, ed. Peter Clement Bartrum (Cardiff, 1966). Ecloga. Das Gesetzbuch Leons III. und Konstaninos V., ed Ludwig Burgmann, Forschungen zur byzantinischen Rechtsgeschichte, X (Frankfurt am Main, 1983). The Edessa-Aleppo Syriac Codex of the Chronicle of Michael the Great, ed. Gregorios Yuhanna Ibrahim, Texts and Translations of the Chronicle of Michael the Great, 1 (Piscataway, New Jersey, 2009). Elias of Nisibis, Chronography, ed. J.B. Chabot, Eliae metropolitae Nisibeni: Opus Chronologicum II (Paris, 1909). Ephrem, Commentary on Genesis, ed. and trans. R. M. Tonneau, Sancti Ephremi Syri in Genesim et in Exodum Commentarii (Louvain, 1955). Ephrem, Noch eine Rede des heiligen Mar Ephräm, des syrischen Lehrers, über das Ende und die Vollendung, das Gericht und die Vergeltung, und über Agog und Magog und über den falschen Messias, ed. Edmund Beck, Des heiligen Ephraem des Syrers Sermones, Bd. 3 (Löwen, 1972). Epiphanius Constantiensis, Ancoratus und Panarion haer. 1-33, ed. Karl Holl (Berlin, New York, 2010) Epistolae selectae Sergii II., Leonis IV., Benedicti III., pontificum Romanorum, ed. Adolph von Hirsch Greuth, MGH EE 5 (Berlin, 1899), pp Erchempert, Historia Langobardorum Beneventanorum, ed. Georg Waitz, MGH SS rerum Langobardorum et Italicarum, saec. VI IX (Hanover, 1878), pp

7 Eusebius, Über das Leben des Kaisers Konstantin, ed. Friedhelm Winkelmann (Berlin, 1975). Eusebius, Historia ecclesiastica, ed. Eduard Schwartz, Theodor Mommsen and Friedhelm Winkelmann (Berlin, ). Evagrios Scholastikos, Historia ecclesiastica, ed. Joseph Bidez and Leon Parmentier, The Ecclesiastical History of Euagrius with the Scholia (London, 1898), Faustinus Luciferianus and Marcellinus, De confessione verae fidei et ostentatione sacrae communionis (Libellus precum), ed. Otto Günther, Collectio Avellana, CSEL 35 (Vienna, 1895). Fragmenta historicorum Graecorum (FHG), ed. Karl Müller (5 vols, Frankfurt am Main, , ). Fredegar, Chronicae cum continuationibus, ed. Bruno Krusch, MGH SS rerum Merovingicarum 2 (Hanover, 1888), pp Fulcherus Carnotensis, Historia Hierosolymitana, ed. Heinrich Hagenmeyer (Heidelberg, 1913). Gregorios Bar Hebraeus, Chronicon Syriacum, ed. Paul Bedjan (Paris, 1890) The Chronography of Gregory Abû l-faraj , the Son of Aaron, the Hebrew Physician Commonly Known as Bar Hebraeus, Being the First Part of His Political History of the World, trans. Ernest Alfred Wallis Budge (London, 1932, reprinted 1976). Gregorius Magnus Papa, Epistulae, ed. Dag Norberg, Gregorii magni registrum epistularum, 2 vols, CC SL 140 and 140A (Turnhout, 1982). Gregorius Magnus Papa, Homilia in Hezechielem, liber II, ed. Marc Adriaen, CC SL 142 (Turnhout, 1971). Gregorius Turonensis, Historiarum Libri X, ed. Bruno Krusch and Wilhelm Levison, MGH SS rerum Merovingicarum 1, 1 (Hanover, 1951); trans. Earnest Brehaut (New York, 1916). Gwaith Meilyr Brydydd a i Ddisgynyddion, ed. John Ellis Caerwyn Williams, in R. Geraint Gruffydd et al. (eds), Cyfres Beirdd y Tywysogion, vol. 1 (Cardiff, 1994), pp Hadrianus II, papa, Epistolae, ed. Ernst Perels, MGH EE 6 (Berlin, 1925), pp Al-Hamdānī, Ṣifat jazīrat al-ʿarab, ed. David Heinrich Müller (2 vols, Leiden, 1884). Hegesippus, Historiae libri V, ed. Vincenzo Ussani, CSEL, 66 (Wien, Leipzig, 1932). Helmold, Chronica Slavorum, ed. Johann Martin Lappenberg, MGH SS 21 (Hanover, 1869), pp Hieronymus, Chronicon, ed. Rudolf Helm, Die Chronik des Hieronymus, Die griechischen christlichen Schriftsteller der ersten Jahrhunderte, 47, Eusebius, 7 (Berlin, ). 7

8 Hieronymus, Commentarii in Ezechielem, ed. François Glorie, CC SL, 75 (Turnhout, 1964). Hieronymus, Commentarii in Amos, ed. Marcus Adriaen, CC SL, 76 (Turnhout, 1969), pp Hieronymus, Commentarius in Epistulam ad Galatos, PL 26. Hieronymus, Commentarius in Isaiam, ed. Marcus Adriaen, Commentariorum in Esaiam, libri I-IX, CC SL, 73 (Turnhout, 1963). Hieronymus, Epistulae, ed. Isidor Hilberg, Sancti Eusebii Hieronymi epistulae, CSEL (Wien, Leipzig, ). Hieronymus, Liber interpretationis hebraicorum nominum, ed. Paul de Lagarde, CC SL, 72 (Turnhout, 1959). Hieronymus, Liber quaestionum hebraicarum in Genesim, 16, 11-12, ed. Paul de Lagarde, CC SL, 72 (Turnhout, 1959), pp English trans. Robert Hayward, Saint Jerome s Hebrew Questions on Genesis, Oxford early Christian studies (Oxford, 1995). Hieronymus, Vita sancti Hilarionis, ed. Edgardo M. Morales, trad. Pierre Leclerc, Jérôme. Trois vies de moines, SC, 508, pp Hieronymus, Vita Malchi monachi captivi, ed. Edgardo M. Morales, trad. Pierre Leclerc, Jérôme. Trois vies de moines, SC 508, pp English translation Marie Ewald, Life of Malchus by St. Jerome, in Roy Joseph Deferrari (ed.), Early Christian Biographies, The Fathers of the Church, 15 (Washington/D.C., 1952), pp Al-Himyārī, La peninsule ibérique au moyen âge d apres le Kitab al-rawd al-mi tār fi habar al-akhtār, ed. Évariste Lévi-Provençal (Leiden, 1938). Hincmar Remensis episcopus, De Regis persona et regio ministerio, PL 125, cols Hrabanus Maurus, De universo, PL 111, cols Hrabanus Maurus, De rerum naturis, PL 111. Hrabanus Maurus, Allegoriae in universam sacram scripturam, PL 112. Hrabanus Maurus, Expositio in Matthaeum, ed. Bengst Löfstedt, CC CM, A (2 vols, Turnhout, 2000). History of Karka d Beit Slok and its Martyrs, ed. Paul Bedjan, Acta martyrum et sanctorum II (Paris, Leipzig, 1891), pp History of Mar Behnam, ed. Bedjan, Acta martyrum et sanctorum, vol. 2, pp History of Mar Qardagh, ed. J.B. Abbeloos, Acta Mar Kardaghi, Analecta Bollandiana, 9 (1890): 5 106; trans. Joel Walker, The Legend of Mar Qardagh: Narrative and Christian Heroism in Late Antique Iraq (Berkeley, 2006). 8

9 History of Sabrisho, ed. Paul Bedjan, Histoire de Mar Jabalaha, de trois autres patriarches, d un prêtre et de deux laïques nestoriens (Paris, Leipzig, 1895), pp History of the Monastery of Sabrisho, ed. and trans. Alphonse Mingana, Sources Syriaques (Leipzig, 1908). Arthur Holder and William Foley (trans.), Bede, A biblical miscellany, Translated texts for historians, 28 (Liverpool, 1999). Hudud al-alam, The Regions of the World. A Persian Geography 372 A.H.-982 A.D., ed. Vladimir F. Minorski, E.- J.-W. Gibb memorial series, N.S., 11 (London, 1937). Ibn Abd al-ḥakam, Futūḥ miṣr wa akhbārihā, ed. Charles C. Torrey (New Haven, 1922, repr. Cairo, 1999 and Casablanca, n.d.). Ibn Al-Athīr, Al-kāmil fī l-ta rīkh, ed. Carl Johan Tornberg (12 vols, Beirut, ). Ibn Ath am Al-Kūfī, Kitāb al-futūḥ, ed. M. A. Mu id Khan (Hyderabad, ). Ibn al Balkhī, Fārsnāmah, ed. G. Le Strange and R. A. Nicholson, The Fársnáma of Ibnu l Balkhí (London, 1921). Ibn Ḥawqal, Kitāb ṣūrat al-arḍ, ed. Johannes Hendrik Kramers (Leiden, 1938). Ibn Hayyān, in al-maqqarī, Analectes sur l'histoire et la littérature des arabes d'espagne, ed. Reinhardt Dozy (2 vols, Leiden, London, ). Ibn Hayyān, Muqtabis, trans. García Gómez, Anales palatinos del califa de Cordoba al-ḥakam II, por Isā ibn Aḥmad al-rāzī (Madrid, 1967). Ibn Hayyān, Muqtabis II. Anales de los Emires de Córdoba Alhaqem I ( h./ J.C. y Abderramán II ( / ) (facsimile, Madrid, 1999); trans. Mahmud Ali Makki and Federico Corriente, Crónica de los emires Alhakam I y Abdarrahman II entre los años 796 y 847 [Almuqtabis II-1] (Zaragoza, 2001). Ibn Ḥayyān Al-Qurṭubī, Al-muqtabis min abnā ahl al-andalus [V], ed. Pedro Chalmeta and Federico Corriente (Madrid, 1979); ed. Maḥmūd ʿAlī Makkī (Beirūt, 1973). Ibn Ḥazm, Kitāb al-fiṣal fī l-milal wa l-ahwā wa l-niḥal, ed. Muḥammad Ibrāhīm Naṣr and ʿAbd ar-raḥmān ʿUmaira (5 vols, Beirut, 1985). Ibn Idhārī, Al-Bayān al-mughrib fī akhbār al-andalus wa l-mughrib, ed. Georges Colin and Evariste Levi-Provençal (Beirut, 1983). Ibn Idhārī Al-Marrākushī, Kitāb al-bayān al-mughrib, ed. Georges Séraphin Colin and Évariste Lévi-Provençal (2 vols, Leiden, 1951). 9

10 Ibn Khaldūn, Al-Muqaddimah, trans. Franz Rosenthal (3 vols, New York, 1958); trans. Vincent Monteil, Discours sur l histoire universelle (Al-Muqaddima) (3 vols, Arles, 1997); trans. William MacGuckin de Slane, Les prolégomènes d Ibn Khaldoun (Paris, 1863). Ibn Khaldūn, Ta rīkh, ed. Suhail Zakkār and Khalīl Shaḥāda (8 vols, Beirut, ). Ibn Khaldūn, Ta rīkh al- ibar wa-diwān al-mubtada, ed. M. S. Hashim (8 vols, Beirut, 2003). Ibn Khurradadhbih, Kitāb al-masālik wa l-mamālik, ed. Michael de Goeje (Leiden, 1889). The text is reproduced by Ibn al-faqīh al-hamaḏānī, Muḫtaṣar kitāb al-buldān, ed. Michael de Goeje (Leiden, 1885). Ibn Manẓur, Lisān al arab (15 vols, Beirut, ). Ibn Rustah, Kitāb aʿlāq al-nafīsa, ed. Michael de Goeje (Leiden, 1892). Ibn Saʿīd Al-Maġribī, Kitāb al-jughrāfiyya, ed. Ismāʿīl al-ʿarabī (Beirut, 1970). Ibn Wāṣil, Mufarrij al-kurūb fī akhbār banī Ayyūb AH 626, ed. Ḥassanain Muḥammad Rabīʿ and Saʿīd ʿAbdu-l-Fattāḥ ʿAšūr (4 vols, Cairo, 1972). Al-Idrīsī, Nuzhat al-mushtāq fī ijtirāq al-afāq, ed. Reinhardt Dozy and Michael Jan de Goeje (Leiden, 1886). Al-Idrīsī, Opus geographicum, ed. Alessio Bombaci and Umberto Rizzitano (9 vols, Naples, ). Inscriptiones Latinae Christianae Veteres, ed. Ernst Diehl and Jacques Moreau (4 vols, Berlin, ). Ishodenah of Basra, The Book of Chastity, ed. and trans. J. B. Chabot, Le livre de la chasteté, composé par Jésusdenah évêque de Baçrah (Rome, 1896). Isidorus, Chronica maiora, ed. Theodor Mommsen, MGH AA 11 (Berlin, 1894), pp Isidorus, Etymologiae, ed. Wallace Martin Lindsay (2 vols, Oxford, 1911), lib. IX, trans. Marc Reydellet, Auteurs latins du moyen âge (Paris, 1984). Isidorus, Historia Gothorum, ed. Theodor Mommsen, MGH AA, 11. Al-Iṣṭakhrī, Kitāb al-masālik wa l-mamālik, ed. Michael de Goeje (Leiden, 1927). Ioannes Antiochenus, Fragment 103, ed. Carl de Boor, Excerpta de insidiis (Berlin, 1905), p. 146,23-8 (= frg. 311, , ed. Umberto Roberto, Ioannis Antiocheni Fragmenta ex Historia chronica [Berlin, New York, 2005], p. 540). Ioannes Antiochenus, Fragmenta ex historia chronica, ed. Umberto Roberto, Texte und Untersuchungen zur Geschichte der altchristlichen Literatur, 154 (Berlin, 2005). 10

11 Ioannes Malalas, Chronographia, ed. Johannes Thurn, Corpus fontium historiae Byzantinae, 35: Series Berolinensis (Berlin, New York, 2000). Ioannes of Ephesus, Lives of the Eastern Saints, ed. Ernest Walter Brooks, PO, 17 (Paris, 1923). Ioannes of Nikiu, Chronik, cap , transl. Robert Henry Charles, John, Bishop of Nikiu: Chronicle (Oxford, 1916). Ioannes Scylitzes, Synopsis Historiarum, ed. Johannes Thurn, Corpus Fontium Historiae Byzantinae [5] (Berlin, 1973). Jacut s geographisches Wörterbuch, ed. Ferdinand Wüstenfeld (11 vols, Leipzig, 1867). Al Jāḥiẓ, Thalāth rasā il li Abī ʽUthmān ibn Baḥr al Jāḥiẓ al Baṣrī / Tria Opuscula Auctore Abu Othman Amr Ibn Bahr Al Djahiz Basrensi, ed. G. van Vloten (Leiden, 1903, repr. 1968). Johannes VIII, papa, Epsitolae, ed. Erich Caspar, MGH EE 7 (Berlin, 1928), pp Johannes Canaparius (?), Passio Adalberti, ed. Georg Heinrich Pertz, MGH SS, 4 (Hanover, 1841), pp Ivo Carnotensis, Opera, vol. 1: Decretum, Panormia, PL 161. Jordanes, Getica, ed. Theodor Mommsen, MGH AA, 5,1 (Berlin, 1882, reprinted Munich, 1982), pp ; ed. Francesco Giunta and Antonio Grillone, De origine actibusque Getarrum (Rome, 1991). Jordanes, Historia Romana, ed. Theodor Mommsen, MGH AA, 5,1 (Berlin, 1882, reprinted Munich, 1982), pp Josua Stylites, Syriac Chronicle, ed. Andreas Luther, Die syrische Chronik des Josua Stylites, Untersuchungen zur antiken Literatur und Geschichte, 49 (Berlin, 1997). Jus Graecoromanum, ed. I. and P. Zepos (8 vols., Athens, 1931/Aalen, 1962). Justinus, Epitoma Historiarum Philippicarum, 2,4, ed. Marie-Pierre Arnaud-Lindet, Corpus Scriptorum Latinorum, (7 September 2010). Kebra Nagaśt, ed. Carl Bezold, Die Herrlichkeit der Könige (Munich, 1905) Georgios Kedrenos, Historiarum compendium, PG 121. Calvin B. Kendall, Bede, On Genesis, Translated texts for historians, 48 (Liverpool, 2008). Konstantinos Porphyrogennetos, De administrando Imperio, ed. Gyula Moravcsik, transl. Romilly James Heald Jenkins, Corpus fontium historiae Byzantinae, 1 (Washington/D.C., 1967). 11

12 Konstantinos Porphyrogennetos, Three Treatises on Imperial Military Expeditions, ed. John Haldon, Corpus Fontium Historiae Byzantinae, 28 (Vienna, 1990). Konstantinos Porphyrogennetos, De Cerimoniis aulae byzantinae libri duo, ed. Johann Jacob Reiske (2 vols, Bonn, ). Łazar P c arpec c i, History of the Armenians, trans. Robert W. Thomson, The History of Łazar P c arpec c i (Atlanta, 1991). Leges Visigothorum, ed. Karl Zeumer, MGH LL nationum Germanicarum, 1 (Hanover, Leipzig, 1902). Leo I, papa, Epistolae, PL 54, col Leo VI, Taktika, ed. George T. Dennis, The Taktika of Leo VI. Text, translation and commentary (Washington/D.C., 2010). Leo Diaconus, Opera, ed. Charles Benoît Hase, Leonis Diaconi Caloënsis Historiae Libri Decem et Liber de Velitatione Bellica Nicephori Augusti (Bonn, 1828). Leonti Mroveli, History of the Kings of K art li, trans. Robert W. Thomson, Rewriting Caucasian History: The Medieval Armenian Adaptation of the Georgian Chronicles (Oxford, 1996). Les sources grecques pour l histoire des Pauliciens d Asie Mineure, ed. und transl. Charles Astruc, Wanda Conus-Wolska, Jean Gouillard, Paul Lemerle, Denise Papachryssanthou and Joseph Paramelle, Travaux et mémoires du Centre derecherche d histoire et civilisation byzantines, 4 (1970). Tadeusz Lewicki, Anna Kmietowicz, Franciszek Kmietowicz and Maria Czapkiewicz, Źródła arabskie do dziejów Słowiańszczyzny (4 vols, Wrocław, ). Liber historiae Francorum, ed. Bruno Krusch, MGH SS rerum Merovingicarum, 2 (Hanover, 1888), pp Liber Pontificalis, ed. Louis Duchesne, Le Liber Pontificalis: Texte, introduction et commentaire, (3 vols [vol. 3 ed. Cyrille Vogel], Paris ); partial trans. Raymond Davis, The Lives of the Ninth Century Popes (Liber Pontificalis). The Ancient Biographies of Ten Popes from AD 817 to AD 891, Translated Texts for Historians, 20 (Liverpool, 1995). Johannes Dominicus Mansi, Sacrorum conciliorum nova et amplissima collectio (53 vols, Florence and Venice ) (repr. Graz ). Al-Maqqarī, The History of the Mohammedan Dynasties of Spain, trans. Pascual de Gayangos (2 vols, London, , reprinted London, New York, 2002). Marcellinus Comes, Chronicon, ed. Theodor Mommsen, MGH AA, 11 (Berlin, 1894); trans. Brian Croke, The Chronicle of Marcellinus. A Translation and Commentary (Sydney, 1995). Martianus Capella, De Nuptiis Philologiae et Mercurii, ed. James Willis, Bibliotheca scriptorvm Graecorvm et Romanorvm Tevbneriana (Leipzig, 1983). 12

13 Martinus I., papa, Epistolae, PL 87 (Paris, 1863), cols Martyrium Arethae, ed. Marina Detoraki, trans. Joëlle Beaucamp, Le martyre de saint Aréthas et de ses compagnons (BHG 166) (Paris, 2007). Martyrdom of Shirin, ed. Paul Devos, Sainte Šīrīn, martyre sous Khusrau 1er Anōšarvān, Analecta Bollandiana, 64 (1946): pp Al-Masʿūdī, Kitāb al-tanbīh wa l-ishrāf, ed. Michael de Goeje (Leiden, 1894); trans. B. Carra de Vaux, Le livre de l avertissement et de la revision (Paris, 1896). Al-Masʿūdī, The Meadows of Gold (Murūj al-dhahab), ed. Charles Barbier de Meynard and Pavet de Courteille, Les Prairies d'or (9 vols, Paris, ). Matthew of Edessa, Chronikon, trans. A. E. Doustarian, Armenia and the Crusades, Tenth to Twelfth Centuries: The Chronicle of Matthew of Edessa (Belmont, Mass., 1993). Maurikios, Strategikon. Maximus the Confessor and His Companions. Documents from Exile, trans. Pauline Allen and Bronwen Neill (Oxford, 2002). The Life of Maximus the Confessor. Recension 3, ed. and trans. Bronwen Neil and Pauline Allen (Strathfield, New South Wales, 2003). Maximi confessoris gesta in primo eius exsilio, PG 90, cols Menander Protector, Fragmentum 35, in Excerpta historica iussu imp. Constantini Porphyrogeniti confecta, part 1: Excerpta de Legationibus, ed. Carl de Boor [2 parts, Berlin, 1903], part 1, pp ; part 2, pp ; ed. Ludwig Dindorf, Historici Graeci Minores [2 vols., Leipzig, ]; Karl and Theodor Müller, Fragmenta Historicorum Graecorum [5 vols, Paris, ], vol. 4, p Menander Rhetor, ed. Donald Andrew Russell (Oxford, 1981). Methodios, Vita S. Theophanis Confessoris, ed. Vasilij Latysev, Methodii Patriarchae Constantinopolitani Vita S. Theophanis Confessoris, Zapiski Russ. Akademii Nauk, 8 ser., 13 (1918): p. 4 Miracula S. Therapontis, in Ludwig Deubner, De Incubatione capita quattuor (Leipzig, 1900), pp Michael Attaleiates, Historia, ed. Inmaculada Pérez Martín, Nueva Roma, 15 (Madrid, 2002). Michael the Syrian, Chronikon, ed. Jean-Baptiste Chabot, Chronique de Michel le Syrien, Patriarche Jacobite d'antiche ( ). Éditée pour la première fois et traduite en francais (4 vols, Paris, , reprinted Brussels, 1963). 13

14 Miracles of Artemios, 17, ed. Athanasios Papadopoulos-Kerameus, Varia Graeca Sacra (St. Petersburg, 1909), pp. 1-75; trans. in John Nesbitt and Virgil Crysafulli, The miracles of St. Artemios. A collection of miracle stories by an anonymous author of seventh-century Byzantium (Leiden, New York, Cologne, 1997). Monumenta Asiae Minoris Antiqua (8 Bde, Manchester, ). Muhammad ibn Jarīr Al-Ṭabarī, Ta rīkh al-rusul wa l-mulūk, ed. Michael Jan de Goeje et al. (15 vols, Leiden, ); trans., The History of al-t abarī, ed. Ihsan Abbas, C. E. Bosworth, Jacob Lassner, Franz Rosenthal and Ehsan Yar-Shater (40 vols, Albany, New York, ). Al-mukhtaṣar fī akhbār al-bashar, ed. Ḥusain Mu nis, Muḥammad Zainuhum ʿAzzab and Yaḥyā Sayyid Ḥusain (4 vols, Cairo, ). Al-Muqaddasī, The Best Divisions for Knowledge of the Regions: A Translation of Ahsan al-taqāsim fi Māʻrifāt al-aqālīm, trans. Basil Anthony Collins and Muhammad Hamid al-tai (London, 1994). Nasr b. Muzahim Al-Minqari, Waq at Ṣiffīn, ed. Abd al-salam Harun (Cairo, 1962). Nennius, British History and the Welsh Annals, ed. John Morris, Arthurian Period Sources, 8 (London, Chichester, 1980). Nicetas Choniates, Historia, ed. Jan-Louis van Dieten, Corpus Fontium Historiae Byzantinae, 11 (Berlin, 1975). Nicephorus Bryennius, Historiarum Libri Quattuor, ed. Paul Gautier, Corpus Fontium Historiae Byzantinae, [9] (Brussels, 1975). Nikephoros Kallistos, Historia ecclesiastica, PG Nikephoros, Historia syntomos, ed. Cyril Mango Corpus Fontium Historiae Byzantinae, 13, ser. Wash. = Dumbarton Oaks texts, 10 (Washington, 1990). Nikephoros Phokas, De velitatione, ed. Gilbert Dagron and Haralambie Mihaescu, Le traité sur la Guérilla (de velitatione) de l empereur Nicéphore Phocas ( ) (Paris, 1986). Notitia dignitatum, ed. Otto Seeck (Frankfurt/Main, , first ed. Berlin, 1876). Notker, Gesta Caroli, ed. Hans Frieder Haefele, MGH SS rerum Germanicarum in usum scholarum, nova series, 12 (Berlin, 1959). Iustiniani Novellae, in: Corpus iuris Civilis, vol. 3, ed. Rudolf Schöll and Wilhelm Kroll (Berlin, 1928). Josua Stylites, Chronicle, trans. William Wright (Cambridge, 1882). Orosius, Historia Adversus Paganos, ed. Karl Zangemeister, CSEL, 5 (Vienna, 1882); ed. Marie- Pierre Arnaud-Lindet (3 vols, Paris, ). 14

15 Otto III, Diploma No. 388 (1001, January 18, Rome), ed. Theodor Sickel, MGH Diplomata regum et imperatorum Germaniae [2,2] (Hanover, 1893), p Paschasius Radbertus, Expositio in Matheo libri XII, ed. Beda Paulus, CC CM, 56-56B (3 Bde, Turnhout, 1984). Paschasius Radbertus, Expositio in Matheo libri XII, ed. Beda Paulus, CC CM, 56-56B (3 vols, Turnhout, 1984). Passio Christopheri, AASS, July [25th] vol. 6, pp Patmutiwn Hayoc c, ed. Grigor Sargsian (Venice, 1933). Paulus Diaconus, Historia Langobardorum, ed. Georg Waitz and Ludwig Bethmann, MGH SS rerum Langobardicarum et Italicarum saec. VI.-IX. (Hanover, 1878), pp Pauli Warnefridi liber de episcopis Mettensibus, ed. Georg Heinrich Pertz, MGH SS 2 (Hanover, 1829), pp Pseudo Liudprand, PL 129, cols [Pseudo] P awstos Buzand, The Epic Histories, trans. Nina Garsoian (Lisbon, 1989). Le Pergamene di S. Nicola di Bari, ed. Francesco Nitti Di Vito, Codice diplomatico barese, 4 (Bari, 1900). Petrus Venerabilis, Liber contra sectam sive haeresim saracenorum, ed. James Kritzeck, in James Kritzeck, Peter the Venerable and Islam, Princeton oriental studies, 23 (Princeton, 1964). Philostorgius, Historia ecclesiastica, ed. Joseph Bidez und Friedhelm Winkelmann, Kirchengeschichte. Mit dem Leben des Lucian von Antiochien und den Fragmenten eines arianischen Historiographen (Berlin, ); trans. Philip R. Amidon, S.J. (Leiden, Boston, 2007). Pippin, Capitulare Aquitanicum, ed. Alfred Boretius, MGH LL, Capitularia regum Francorum, 1 (Hanover, 1883), p. 43. Poeta Saxo, ed. Paul von Winterfeld, MGH Poetae latini, 4,1 (Berlin, 1899). Priskos, Fragmenta, ed. Roger C. Blockley, The Fragmentary Classicising Historians of the Later Roman Empire: Eunapius, Olympiodorus, Priscus, and Malchus (2 vols, Liverpool, ); ed. Fritz Bornmann, Prisci Panitae Fragmenta (Florence, 1979); ed. Pia Carolla, Bibliotheca scriptorvm Graecorvm et Romanorvm Tevbneriana (Berlin, 2008). Primary Chronicle, a. 882, ed. Franciszek Sielicki, Powieść minionych lat (Wrocław, 1999). Procopius, De bello Gothico, ed. Henry B. Dewing, Procopius, History of the wars, books 6,16-7,35, The Loeb classical library, 173 (London, 1962). 15

16 Procopius, De bello Vandalico, ed. Henry B. Dewing, Procopius, History of the wars, books III and IV, The Loeb classical library, 81 (London, 1961). Ps.-Maurice, Strategikon, ed. George T. Dennis, trans. Ernst Gamillscheg, Das Strategikon des Maurikios, Corpus Fontium Historiae Byzantinae, 17 (Vienna, 1981); trans. G.T. Dennis, Maurice s Strategikon. Handbook of Byzantine Military Strategy (Philadelphia, 1984). Die syrische Apokalyspse des Pseudo-Methodius, ed. Gerrit J. Reinink (Löwen, 1993). Al-Qalqašandī, Kitāb ṣubḥ al-ʿashā, ed. Muḥammad ʿAbd ar-rasūl Ibrāhīm (8 vols, Cairo, 1915). Al-Qazwīnī, Athār al-bilād, ed. Ferdinand Wüstenfeld (Göttingen, 1848). Quodvultdeus, Dimidium temporis in signis Antichristi, ed. René Braun, Opera Quodvultdeo Carthageniensi espiscopa tributa (Turnhout, 1976). Al-Qurṭubī, Kitāb al-iʿlām bi-mā fī dīn al-naṣāra min al-fasād wa l-auhām wa iẓhār maḥāsin alislām, ed. Aḥmad Ḥiǧāzī as-saqqā (Cairo, 1980). Ratramnus von Corbie, Epistolae, ed. Ernst Dümmler, MGH EE, 6: Epistolae Karolini Aevi, 4 (Berlin, 1925), pp Regesten der Kaiserurkunden des Oströmischen Reiches von , vol. 1,1: Regesten von , ed. Franz Dölger and Andreas E. Müller (Munich, 2009). Regesten der Kaiserurkunden des Oströmischen Reiches von , vol. 1,2: Regesten von , ed. Franz Dölger, Andreas E. Müller and Alexander Beihammer (Munich, 2003). Regino Prumensis, Chronicon, ed. Friedrich Kurze, MGH SS rerum Germanicarum in usum scholarum separatim editi, [50] (Hanover, 1890). Remigius, Epistolae Austrasicae, 1-2, ed. Wilhelm Gundlach, MGH EE 3 (Berlin, 1892), pp. 112f.; Ernst Sackur, Sibyllinische Texte und Forschungen (Halle, 1898). Ṣāʿid Al-Andalusī, Kitāb ṭabaqāt al-ummam, ed. Ḥayāt Būʿalwān (Beirut, 1985). Salvianus of Marseille, De gubernatione Dei, V, 24, ed. Karl Halm, MGH AA, 1,1 (Berlin, 1877, reprinted Munich, 1991), pp Sedulius Scotus, In epistolam ad Ephesios, PL, 103, cols Sokrates Scholasticus, Historia ecclesiastica, ed. Günther Christian Hansen (Berlin, 1995). Sozomenos, Historia ecclesiastica, ed. Joseph Bidez and Günther Christian Hansen (Berlin, ). Stephannos Orbelian, History of Siunia, trans. Marie Felicité Brosset, Histoire de la Siounie par Stephannos Orbelian (2 vols, St. Petersburg, 1886).# 16

17 Stephen of Taron, History, trans. Frédéric Macler, Histoire Universelle par Étienne Asolik de Taron (3 vols, Paris, ). Symeon magister et logotheta, Chronicon, ed. Stephan Wahlgren (Berlin, New York, 2006). Synode von Arles (a. 813), ed. Albert Werminghoff, MGH LL, Concilia, 2,1 (Hanover, 1906), pp. 251f. Synode von Chalon (a. 813), ed. Albert Werminghoff, MGH LL, Concilia, 2,1 (Hanover, 1906), p Synode von Mainz (a. 813), ed. Albert Werminghoff, MGH LL, Concilia, 2,1 (Hanover, 1906), p Synode von Mainz (a. 847), ed. Wilfried Hartmann, MGH LL, Concilia, 3 (Hanover, 1984), p Synode von Mainz (a. 852), ed. Wilfried Hartmann, MGH LL, Concilia, 3 (Hanover, 1984), p Synode von Tours (a. 813), ed. Albert Werminghoff, MGH LL, Concilia, 2,1 ( Hanover, 1906), p Das syrische Alexanderlied, ed. Gerrit J. Reinink (Leuven, 1983). Tacitus, Germania, ed. Michael Winterbottom (Oxford, 1975). Thegan, Gesta Hludowici imperatoris, ed. Ernst Tremp, MGH Scriptores rerum Germanicarum in usum scholastici separatim editi, 64 (Hanover, 1995). Theodoret von Kyrrhos, Explanatio in Esaiam, ed. Jean-Noël Guinot, SC, 276, 295 und 315, Commentaire sur Isaïe (3 vols, Paris, ), Theodoret, Historia ecclesiastica, ed. Leon Parmentier and Günther Christian Hansen (Berlin, ); trans. Andreas Seider, Des Bischofs Theodoret von Cyrus Kirchengeschichte (München, 1926). Theodoret, Interpretatio in Ezechielem, ed. PG, 81 Theodorus Anagnosta, Historia ecclesiastica, ed. Günther Christian Hansen, Die griechischen christlichen Schriftsteller der ersten Jahrhunderte (Berlin, , 1971). Theophanes Confessor, Chronographia, ed. Carl de Boor (2 vols, Leipzig, ); trans. Cyril Mango and Roger Scott, The Chronicle of Theophanes Confessor (Oxford, 1997) Theophanes Continuatus, ed. Immanuel Bekker, Theophanes Continuatus, Ioannes Cameniata, Symeon Magister, Georgius Monachus (Bonn, 1838), pp Theophylaktos Simokates, Historia, ed. Carl de Boor (Leipzig, 1887; revised and emended edn. Peter Wirth, Stuttgart, 1972); trans. Michael Whitby and Mary Whitby, The History of Theophylact Simocatta (Oxford, 1986). Tovma Artsruni, Patmut iwn Tann Artsruneats (History of the House of the Astrunik ), a facsimile reproduction with an introduction by Robert W. Thomson (Delmar, NY, 1991), 17

18 translated in Tovma Artsruni, History of the House of the Artsrunik, trans. Robert W. Thomson (Detroit, 1985). Trioedd Ynys Prydein: the Triads of the Island of Britain, ed. Rachel Bromwich (Cardiff, ). Two Lives of Gildas by a monk of Ruys and Caradoc of Llancarfan, ed. Hugh Williams, Cymmrodorion Record Series (1899, repr. Felinfach, 1990). ʻUmar b. al-hasan b. Dihya, Al-Mutrib min ash ār ahl al-maghrib, ed. Ibrāhīm al-abiary, Ḥāmid Abd al-maguid and Aḥmad Aḥmad Badawī, rev. Taha Ḥussein (Beirut, no date), trans. Allen, Poet and Spae-Wife, pp Al-ʿUmarī, Kitāb masālik al-abṣār, in Celestino Schiaparelli, Notizie d Italia estratte dall opera Sihâb ad-dîn al-umarî, intitolata masâlik al absâr fî mamâlik al amsâr, Atti della Reale Accademia dei Lincei, 285, s. 4, v. 4, sem. 2 (1888): pp. 306f. Usāma bin Munqidh, Kitāb al-iʿtibār, ed. Philip Khuri Hitti (Princeton, 1930). Zahīr al-dīn Nīshāpūrī, The History of the Seljuq Turks from the Jāmi al-tawārīkh, an Ilkhanid Adaption of the Saljūq-nāma, transl. Kenneth Allin Luther, ed. Clifford Edmund Bosworth (Richmond, 2001). Vergilius, Aeneis, trans. Sarah Ruden (New Haven and London, 2008). Vie de Théodore de Sykéon, ed. André Festugière, Subsidia Hagiographica, 48 (2 vols, Brussels, 1970). Victor Tonnennensis, Chronica, ed. Antonio Placanica, Vittore da Tunnuna, Chronica. Chiesa e impero nell'eta di Giustiniano (Florence, 1997). Vita Audoini, ed. Wilhelm Levison, MGH SS rerum Merovingicarum, 5 (Hanover, 1910), pp Vita Altera Bonifatii, ed. Wilhelm Levison, Vitae sancti Bonifatii, MGH SS rerum Germanicarum in usum scholarum separatim editi [57] (Hanover, 1905). Wilhelmus Tyrensis, Chronicon, ed. Robert Burchard Constantijn Huygens, CC CM 63 (Turnhout, 1986). Willibald, Vita Bonifatii, ed. Wilhelm Levison, MGH Scriptores rerum Germanicarum in usum scholarum separatim editi, [57] (Hanover, 1905). Ferdinand Wüstenfeld, Akhbār Makka al Musharrafa, Die Chroniken der Stadt Mekka (Beirut, ). Al-Yaʿqūbī, Tārīkh al-yaʿqūbī, ed. ʿAbd al-amīr al-muhannā (2 vols, Beirut, 1993). Al-Yāqūt, Kitāb muʿjam al-buldān, ed. Ferdinand Wüstenfeld (6 vols, Leipzig, 1867, reprint Tehran 1965). Yovhannes Draskhanakerttsi, History of Armenia, trans. K. Maksoudian (Atlanta, 1987). 18

19 Al-Zuhri, Kitāb al-jughrāfīyah, ed. M. Hadj-Sadok, Mappemonde du calife al-ma mun reproduite par Fazari (IIIe/Ixe s.), réédité et commenté par Zuhri VI e /XII e s., Bulletin d Etudes Orientales, 21 (1968): pp

20 LITERATURE Willem J. Aerts, Gog, Magog, Dogheads and Other Monsters in the Byzantine World, in Ali A. Seyes-Gohrab, Faustina C.W. Doufikar-Aerts and Sen McGlinn (eds), Gog and Magog. The Clans of Chaos in World Literature (Amsterdam, 2007), pp Sergej G. Agadshanow, Der Staat der Seldschukiden und Mittelasien, trans. Reinhold Schletzer, Turkmenenforschung, 17 (Berlin, 1994). Esperanza Alfonso, Islamic culture through Jewish eyes. Al-Andalus from the tenth to twelfth centuries (Abingdon, New York, 2008). Jalāl Abd Alghāni, The Poet and Daughter of the Sea: Animated ships in Andalusian Arabic Poetry, Al-Masaq, 19/2 (2007): pp William Edward David Allen, The Poet and the Spae-Wife. An Attempt to Reconstruct al-ghazāl s Embassy to the Vikings (London, 1960). Aziz Al-Azmeh, Barbarians in Arab Eyes, Past and Present, 134 (1992): pp Michael I. Allen, Universal history, : origins and Western developments, in Deborah Mauskopf Delyannis (ed.), Historiography in the Middle Ages (Leiden, Boston, 2003), pp Pauline Allen, Evagrius Scholasticus. The Church Historian, Spicilegium sacrum Lovaniense, 41 (Leuven, 1981). Andrew R. Anderson, Alexander and the Caspian Gates, Transactions of the American Philological Association, 59 (1928): pp Andrew R. Anderson, Alexander s Gate, Gog and Magog, and the Inclosed Nations (Cambridge/Mass., 1932). Benedict Anderson, Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism (revised edn, London, 2003). Clifford Ando, Imperial Ideology and Provincial Loyalty in the Roman Empire (Berkeley u.a., 2000). Bodo Anke, Studien zur reiternomadischen Kultur des 4. bis 5. Jahrhunderts (2. vols, Weissbach, 1998). Burkhard Apsner, Vertrag und Konsens im früheren Mittelalter. Studien zu Gesellschaftsprogrammatik und Staatlichkeit im westfränkischen Reich,Trierer Historische Forschungen, 58 (Trier, 2006). Michael Aris, Bhutan. The Early History of a Himalayan Kingdom (Warminster, 1979). John A. Armstrong, Nations before Nationalism (Chapel Hill, 1982). 20

21 Dorothee Arnold, Johannes VIII. Päpstliche Herrschaft in den karolingischen Teilreichen am Ende des 9. Jahrhunderts, Europäische Hochschulschriften, 797 (Frankfurt am Main, et al., 2005). Thomas Arnold and Adolf Grohmann, Denkmäler islamischer Buchkunst (Leipzig, 1929). Henri-Xavier Arquillière, L Augustinisme politique. Essai sur la formation des théories politiques du moyen-âge, L Église et l État au Moyen age, 2 (Paris, ). W. Ashburner (ed.), The Byzantine Mutiny Act, Journal of Hellenic Studies, 46 (1926): pp (repr. in Jus Graecoromanum, ed. I. and P. Zepos, ii, pp. 75-9). Eliyahu Ashtor, The Jews of Moslem Spain (3 vols, Philadelphia, 1973). Rudolf Asmus, Pamprepius, ein byzantinischer Gelehrter und Staatsmann des 5. Jahrhunderts, Byzantinische Zeitschrift, 22 (1913): pp Yom Tov Assis, The Jews of Spain: From Settlement to Expulsion (Jerusalem, 1988). Michel Aubineau, Bilan d une enquête sur les homélies de Proclus de Constantinople, Revue des études grecques, 85 (1972): pp Martin Aurell, Les noces du comte. Mariage et pouvoir en Catalogne ( ) (Paris, 1995). Muḥammad b. Abd Allāh al Azraqī, Akhbār Makka wa mā jā a fīhā min al Āthār (Mecca, ). Balbina Bäbler and Heinz-Günther Nesselrath (eds), Die Welt des Sokrates von Konstantinopel. Studien zu Politik, Religion und Kultur im späten 4. und frühen 5. Jh. n. Chr. (Munich, 2001). Jacques Bacot, Frederick William Thomas and Gustave Charles Touissaint, Documents de Touen-houang relatifs a l histoire du Tibet (Paris ). Muḥammad Bāfaqīh, L unification du Yémén antique: la lutte entre Saba, Ḥimyar et le Ḥaḍamawt, du I er au III ème siècle de l ére chrétienne (Paris, 1990). Roger S. Bagnall, Egypt in Late Antiquity (Princeton, 1993). Roger S. Bagnall, Models and Evidence in the Study of Religion in Late Roman Egypt, in Johannes Hahn, Stephen Emmel and Ulrich Gotter (eds), From Temple to Church. Destruction and Renewal of Local Cultic Topography in Late Antiquity, Religions in the Graeco-Roman World, 163, (Leiden, Boston, 2008), pp János M. Bák, Jörg Jarnut, Pierre Monnet and Bernd Schneidmüller (eds). Gebrauch und Missbrauch des Mittelalters, Jahrhundert/Uses and Abuses of the Middle Ages, 19 th -21 st Century, MittelalterStudien, 17 (Munich, 2009). Michel Balard, Croisades et Orient latin (XI e - XIV e s.) (Paris, 2003). Guglielmo Ballaira, Prisciano e i suoi amici (Turin, 1989). 21

22 Guglielmo Ballaira, Osservazioni sulla praefatio del De Laude Anastasii Imperatoris di Prisciano di Cesarea, in Eugenio Corsini, Voce di molte acque. Miscellanea di studi offerti a Eugenio Corsini (Turin, 1994), pp Jairus Banaji, Agrarian Change in Late Antiquity: Gold, Labour, and Aristocratic Dominance (Oxford, 2002). Jairus Banaji, Aristocracies, Peasants, and the Framing of the Early Middle Ages, Journal of Agrarian Change, 9 (2009): pp Marcus Banks, Ethnicity. Anthropological Constructions (London, New York, 1996). Timothy D. Barnes, The Career of Abinnaeus, Phoenix, 39 (1985): pp Hans M. Barstad and Pierre Briant (eds), The Past in the Past: Concepts of Past Reality in Ancient Near Eastern and Early Greek Thought (Oslo, 2009). Fredrik Barth, Introduction, in Fredrik Barth (ed.), Ethnic Groups and Boundaries. The Social Organization of Culture Difference (Bergen, 1968), pp Fredrik Barth (ed.), Ethnic groups and boundaries (Boston, 1969). Fredrik Barth, Enduring and Emerging Issues in the Analysis of Ethnicity, in Hans Vermeulen and Cora Govers (eds), The Anthropology of Ethnicity: Beyond Ethnic Groups and Boundaries (Amsterdam, 1994), pp Fredrik Barth, Andre Gingrich, Robert Parkin and Sydel Silverman, One Discipline, Four Ways: British, German, French and American Anthropology - The Halle Lectures (Chicago, 2005). Suleiman Bashear, Qibla Musharriqa and Early Muslim Prayer in Churches, Muslim World, 81, nos 3-4 (1991): pp Sarah Guberti Bassett, Historiae custos: Sculpture and Tradition in the Baths of Zeuxippos, American Journal of Archaeology, 100,3 (1996): pp Gerd Baumann, The Multicultural Riddle: Rethinking National, Ethnic, and Religious Identities (New York, London, 1999). Gerd Baumann and Andre Gingrich (eds), Grammars of Identity: A structural approach (Oxford, New York, 2004). Theofried Baumeister, Martyr invictus: Der Märtyrer als Sinnbild der Erlösung in der Legende und im Kult der frühen koptischen Kirche (Münster, 1972). Susanne Baumgart, Die Bischofsherrschaft im Gallien des 5. Jahrhunderts. Eine Untersuchung zu den Gründen und Anfängen weltlicher Herrschaft der Kirche (Munich, 1995). Friedrich Baumgarten, De Christodoro Poeta Thebano (Phil. Diss., Bonn, 1881). Friedrich Baumgarten, Christodoros, RE, III,2 (1899): pp

23 Anton Baumstark, Geschichte der syrischen Literatur mit Ausschluß der christlich-palästinensischen Texte (Bonn, 1922). Norman H. Baynes, The Vita S. Danielis Stylitae, English Historical Review, 40 (1925): pp Joëlle Beaucamp, Françoise Briquel Chatonnet, and Christian Robin, La persécution des chrétiens de Nagrān et la chronologie ḥimyarite, ARAM Periodical, 11 ( ): pp Matthias Becher, Eid und Herrschaft. Untersuchungen zum Herrscherethos Karls des Großen. Vorträge und Forschungen, Sonderband, 39 (Sigmaringen, 1993). Matthias Becher, Ingelheim 788. Der Prozeß gegen Herzog Tassilo III. von Bayern, in: Karl Heinz Henn (ed.), Karl der Große in Ingelheim. Bauherr der Pfalz und europäischer Staatsmann (Ingelheim, 1998), pp Matthias Becher, Non enim habent regem idem Antiqui Saxones. Verfassung und Ethnogenese in Sachsen während des 8. Jahrhunderts, in Hans Jürgen Häßler [ed.], Sachsen und Franken in Westfalen. Zur Komplexität der ethnischen Deutung und Abgrenzung zweier frühmittelalterlicher Stämme, Studien zur Sachsenforschung, 12 (Oldenburg, 1999), pp Hans-Georg Beck, Konstantinopel. Zur Sozialgeschichte einer frühmittelalterlichen Hauptstadt, Byzantinische Zeitschrift, 58 (1965): pp Hans-Georg Beck, Senat und Volk von Konstantinopel. Probleme der byzantinischen Verfassungsgeschichte, Sitzungsber. d. Bayer. Akad. d. Wiss., phil.-hist. Kl., 1966,6 (Munich, 1966) (reprinted in Hans-Georg Beck, Ideen und Realitäten in Byzanz [London, 1972], XII), pp Hans-Georg Beck, Res publica Romana. Vom Staatsdenken der Byzantiner, Sitzungsber. d. Bayer. Akad. d. Wiss., phil.-hist. Kl., 1970,2 (München, 1970) (reprinted in Herbert Hunger (ed.), Das byzantinische Herrscherbild, Wege der Forschung, 341 [Darmstadt, 1975], pp ). Hans-Georg Beck, Vom Umgang mit Ketzern. Der Glaube der kleinen Leute und die Macht der Theologen (München, 1993). Adam Becker, The Ancient Near East in the Late Antique Near East: Syriac Christian Appropriation of the Biblical Past, in Gregg Gardner and Kevin Osterloh (ed.), Antiquity in Antiquity: Jewish and Christian Pasts in the Greco Roman World (Tübingen, 2008), pp C. H. Becker, Abd Allāh b. Sa d, EI 2, vol. 1. Scarfe Beckett, Anglo-Saxon perceptions of the Islamic world (Cambridge, 2003). Christopher I. Beckwith, Empires of the Silk Road. A History of Central Eurasia from the Bronze Age to the Present (Princeton, 2009). 23