If Sätze Typ 1, Typ 2 und Typ 3

Transkript

1 If-Sätze werden auch if-clauses, conditional sentences oder Bedingungssätze genannt. Sie bestehen aus einer Bedingung (if = wenn / falls) und einer Folge. Wenn der if-satz am Anfang steht, trennt man Bedingung und Folge mit einem Komma. Steht die Folge am Satzanfang, dann trennt das if die zwei Sätze und Du benötigst kein Komma. Die Bedingung oder deren Folge kann auch verneint sein. Version 2.4 Seite 1

2 if Sätze Typ 1 In if Sätzen vom Typ 1 geht es um eine Bedingung, deren Eintreten wahrscheinlich ist. If you help me, If + Simple Present, I will help you will + Infinitiv I will help you. will + Infinitiv if you help me. if + Simple Present Merke: if + Simple Present Infinitiv; bei he/she/it > -s / -es will-future will + Infinitiv Beispiele: Conditional Sentence (Bedingung) am Satzanfang --> Folge (Hauptsatz) am Satzende: If you arrive too late, the library will be closed. If the weather is nice, we will go cycling. Folge (Hauptsatz) am Satzanfang --> Conditional Sentence (Bedingug) am Satzende: Her father will help her if she can t repair her bike on her own. I will drink water if you haven t got juice. if Sätze Typ 2 In if Sätzen vom Typ 2 geht es um eine Bedingung, deren Eintreten unwahrscheinlich ist. If Joe won the race, If + Simple Past, Joe would celebrate would + Infinitiv he would celebrate. would + Infinitiv if he won the race. if + Simple Past Merke: if + Simple Past Conditional I 2. Form / -ed would + Infinitiv Beispiele: Conditional Sentence (Bedingung) am Satzanfang --> Folge (Hauptsatz) am Satzende: If he knew the answer, he would write it down. If they told her about their plans, they would be stupid. Folge (Hauptsatz) am Satzanfang --> Conditional Sentence (Bedingung) am Satzende: Jonas would learn the guitar if he had more time. What would you do if you were a hero? Version 2.4 Seite 2

3 if Sätze Typ 3 In if Sätzen vom Typ 3 geht es um eine Bedingung, deren Eintreten unmöglich ist. Ich nenne diese Sätze auch Jammer-Sätze, da die Bedingung in der Vergangenheit liegt und sich somit nichts mehr an der Situation ändern lässt. Beispiel: Ach hätte ich doch nur vor xyz Jahren dann wäre ich heute If Tom had visited his grandmother, If + Past Perfect, His grandmother would have given him a cake would + have + 3. Verbform she would have given him a cake. would + have + 3. Verbform if Tom had visited her. if + Past Perfect Merke: if + Past Perfect had + 3. Form / -ed Conditional II would + have + 3. Form / -ed Beispiele: Conditional Sentence (Bedingung) am Satzanfang --> Folge (Hauptsatz) am Satzende: If I had done my homework, I would have written a better mark. If she had prepared a present for him, he would have been happy. Folge (Hauptsatz) am Satzanfang --> Conditional Sentence (Bedingung) am Satzende: We would have got lost if we hadn t used a map. Tipps zum Lösen von Aufgaben in Klassenarbeiten 1. Denke daran, dass zu den 3 Typen von if Sätzen 6 verschiedene Zeiten gehören. Daher habe ich in meiner Erklärung auch 6 verschiedene Farben genutzt. Übungen, die nur eine Lücke enthalten, kannst Du lösen, indem Du Dir den zweiten Satz genau anschaust und herausfindest, in welcher Zeit dieser steht. 2. Beachte, dass der if Satz am Satzenfang oder am Satzende stehen kann. 3. If Sätze mit zwei Lücken löst Du, indem Du Dir überlegst, ob die Bedingung wahrscheinlich / unwahrscheinlich oder unmöglich ist. So kannst Du bestimmen, um welchen Typ von if Satz es sich handelt und anschließend die passenden Zeiten einsetzen. 4. Achte auf Kurzfomen! Version 2.4 Seite 3

4 Fragen, Anregungen oder sogar einen Fehler entdeckt? Ich freue mich über Dein Feedback oder neue Ideen zu meinen Übungen! Die Online Version zu den if Sätzen findest Du hier: Andreas Felis - Flying English Coach / afelis@gmx.de Englisch Nachhilfe Pforzheim Nachhilfe auch via Skype möglich! Extra Lerntipp zur Vorbereitung auf Klassenarbeiten: In Klassenarbeiten liegen die Schwierigkeiten von Schülern nicht immer nur an grammatikalischen Inhalten, sondern an der Aufgabenstellung! Viele typische Aufgabenstellungen habe ich für Dich auf meiner Seite Aufgabenstellung in Englischarbeiten zusammengetragen. Hier gibt's die passenden Lösungen Version 2.4 Seite 4

5 1. If Sätze Typ 1 Übung 1 1. The cat will run away if he (leave) the door open. 2. If you join the choir, you (sing) well. 3. The museum will be closed if Tom (arrive) too late. 4. If we (leave) the sausages on the table, the dog will eat them. 5. If she (not / drink) enough, she will get a headache (Kopfschmerzen). 6. If you (not / buy) something for her birthday, Susi will be sad. 7. We (have) a BBQ if you buy sausages. 8. We will go by bike if the weather (be) nice. 9. If we (be) in London, we will visit The London Bridge and The Tower. 10. Her parents will buy her a pet if she (write) a good grade. 11. If you leave the window open, it (be) cold. 12. If Larissa (drive) too fast, she will have an accident. 13. If she (not / feel) safe, I will join her. 14. If Marianne can't repair her bike, I (help) her. 15. I will drink tea if you (not / have got) coffee. 16. If you (eat) an apple a day, you will stay healthy. 17. If the postman (make) the dog angry, it will bite him. 18. If you leave the cage open, the parrot (fly) away. 19. If you turn on the heating (Heizung), it (be) hot in the classroom. 20. The teacher will give Pete an extra exercise if he (not / do) homework. 21. (you / throw) a party if your team wins? 22. Your trousers will get wet if you (not / wear) wellies (Gummistiefel)! 23. Alicia will have to practice a lot if she (want) to win that competition! 24. Your mother will worry about you if you (come) home very late. Version 2.4 Seite 5

6 2. If Sätze Typ 1 Übung 2 1. If you (eat) too much, you will feel sick. 2. If we win the match, we (have) a party. 3. Will you wait for me if I (be) late? 4. If we (not / sleep) enough, we will be tired. 5. We will go to the museum if it (rain). 6. (you / play) tennis with me if I play table tennis with you? 7. (not / go) in the lake if you can't swim! 8. If Jo (invite) Sue to his party, she will wear her new dress. 9. I (wear) a raincoat if it rains. 10. If he (help) his mother in the kitchen, she will help him with his homework. 11. If Brad (not / learn) for the test, he will write a bad mark. 12. What will you eat if we (go) to a good restaurant? 13. (you / help) me to carry my luggage (Gepäck) if I help you with your bike? 14. If the sun (shine), I will wear sunglasses. 15. What will you do if Simon (be) ill? 16. Will you eat an apple if I (buy) some? 17. What will you buy if your dad (give) you $ ? 18. If we (clean) the black board at school, the teacher will be happy. 19. My sister will write better marks if she (learn) her English vocabulary well. 20. If I visit my friend, we (go) to the cinema. 21. Why won't you visit your grandmother if she (invite) you? 22. Why (Kira / not / go) for a walk with your dog if you ask her? 23. If the sun (not / shine), the snow will stay longer on the roads. 24. If Mr Smith (drive) carefully, he won't have an accident. 25. They (move) to Spain if they are retired (in Rente). Version 2.4 Seite 6

7 3. If Sätze Typ 1 Übung 3 mit zwei Lücken 1. If we (have) a music performance, we (be) nervous. 2. If we (eat) dinner in the evening, we (not / use) our mobiles. 3. If Sarah (lose) the keys, she (be) in trouble. 4. What (she / think) if I (lose) her present? 5. We (arrive) late in the evening if we (take) the bus. 6. (you / help) me with my homework if I (help) you with yours? 7. We (have) to work hard if we (want) to finish our project in time. 8. The dog (bark) loudly if the postman (enter) the garden. 9. You (not / pass) the test if you (not / take) notes! 10. (we / save) a lot of time if we (take) the bus? 11. I think there (not / be) any cake left if you (not / arrive) at the party in time. 12. I guess he (be) asleep if you (arrive) too late at night. 13. She (be) in troube if she (not / give) back the book. 14. The Easter eggs (break) in pieces if you (not / touch) them carefully. 15. (you / drive) the kids to school if I (do) the shopping? 16. I'm sure he (understand) the exercise if you (teach) him the will future. Version 2.4 Seite 7

8 4. If Sätze Typ 2 - Übung 1 1. If I (be) you, I wouldn't go to that musical. 2. If the if clauses (be) easier, I would love English. 3. If I came home earlier, I (cook) lunch for us. 4. I (not / go) to work by train if I had a car. 5. I would go to the theatre with you if I (feel) better. 6. She would fly to Spain if she (have) enough money. 7. If I had more time, I (learn) Spanish and Russian. 8. If Joe earned more money, he (ask) Jane out for dinner. 9. If I (find) 50 in the gymnasium, I would take it to the head teacher. 10. If Sarah (miss) the last train back home, she would phone her dad to pick her up. 11. Caroline would visit her granny more often if she (not / live) in Spain. 12. What would you do if Kira (ask) you to go out for lunch with her? 13. I (apply) as a babysitter if I were you. 14. If I (discover) a new way of gaining electricity, my photo would be in every newspaper. 15. If they (open) a new ice-rink at my town I would go ice-skating every week. 16. If he (not see) her every day, he'd be lovesick. 17. Jonas would learn the guitar if he (have) more time. 18. What (you / do) if you were a hero? 19. If Mrs. Cooper wanted to teach the 7th grade, she (ask) the head teacher. 20. Would you travel a lot if you (be) rich? 21. If they (build) a bridge across my town, I would reach my school in 5 Minutes. 22. I'd visit my friend more often if her mother (cook) better. 23. School (be) more fun if there weren't marks (Noten). 24. What (you / do) if you were Harry Potter? Version 2.4 Seite 8

9 5. If Sätze Typ 2 - Übung 2 1. John would have more money if he (give) up smoking. 2. If people (drive) less by car, the air would be cleaner. 3. If we all (buy) less at big companies, local stores would not have to close. 4. We would not have to import oranges from far away if they (grow) in Germany. 5. If you (read) more English books, you would understand longer texts in English. 6. What would you do if your classmates (bully) you? 7. Sue could improve her oral mark (=mündliche Note) if she (speak) English more fluently. 8. If somebody (teach) you how to improve your writing skills, you could write a book. 9. If Tom (write) an interesting book, he could become famous. 10. If you (not / spend) so much time in front of the TV, you would have more time for your friends. 11. Your condition would be better if you (ride) to school by bike. 12. If Marianne (take) the train, she could learn her vocabulary on the way to school. 13. Greg could join the school's choir if he (sing) better. 14. If the tickets (be) cheaper, we would go by plane. 15. If Linda's mother (allow) her to go to the disco, she would do so every weekend. 16. If Beth (eat) more fruits, she would be healthier. 17. The boys would not tease Isabel if she (wear) fancier (schickere) clothes. 18. Lesley would recover faster if she (stay) in bed. 19. What would you do if a cat (follow) you to your home? 20. It (be) calmer in class if Mrs Brown prepared her lessons well. Version 2.4 Seite 9

10 6. If Sätze Typ 3 - Übung 1 1. If Tom (wear) a warm coat, he wouldn't have caught a cold. 2. I (not / have) a sore stomach if I hadn't eaten so much. 3. If I had bought enough food for 20 people, my party (be) a success. 4. If Mr Jones (not / kill) Mrs Jones, he would not have been imprisioned. 5. If Felix Hoffmann (not / invent) Aspirin, we all would have suffered a lot more in our lives. 6. They would have been in time for the meeting if they (take) the plane. 7. If Susan had not spent so much time at the hairdresser, she (meet) John at the party. 8. If John (tell) Sarah that he liked her, she would have gone for a walk with him. 9. If I had studied something else, I (not / have) such a hard time. 10. If Tom had applied to that job, he (travel) a lot by now. 11. If Becky (have) an eye on her daughter, she would not have run on the street. 12. If they hadn't opened the "Berlin Wall", Angela Merkel (not / become) Germany's Federal Chancellor. 13. If you (do) your homework, you could have gone outside. 14. If she (organise) her life, she would have got a new boyfriend. 15. If Caroline had listened to her boyfriend, she (not / get) lost. 16. If I (not / have) an accident, I would have visited you. 17. Version 2.4 Seite 10

11 7. If Sätze Typ1 oder Typ2? Entscheide, ob es sich um einen if-satz vom Typ 1 oder Typ 2 handelt und notiere deine Entscheidung hinter dem Satz. 1. If you buy some sausages, we will have a BBQ. 2. If you eat an apple a day, you will stay healthy. 3. If the tickets were cheaper, we would go by plane. 4. The cat will run away if Sarah leaves the door open. 5. She would fly to Spain if she had enough money. 6. If Joe earned more money, he would ask Jane out for dinner. 7. If you join the choir, you will sing well. 8. The museum will be closed if Tom arrives too late. 9. I wouldn't go to work by train if I had a car. 10. If we leave the sausages on the table, the cat will eat them. 11. If Mr Smith ate more fruits, he would be healthier. 12. Ron would learn Spanish if he had more time. 13. Jenny will be sad if you do not buy something for her birthday. 14. We will go by bike if the weather is nice. 15. If I were you I would apply as a babysitter at a rich family. 16. What will you eat if we go to a good restaurant? 17. Will you drive the kids to school if I do the shopping? 18. What would you do if a lion (Löwe) followed you? 19. If Martina loses her dad's keys, she'll be in trouble. 20. Barbara would be healthier if she ate more fruits. 21. If the postman entered the garden, the dog would bark loudly. 22. Anna would have an accident if she drove too fast. 23. If Tom goes to the lake, he'll see his girlfriend there. 24. If Ramona left the door open, her rabbit would run away. 25. If you joined the choir, you would sind much better soon. Version 2.4 Seite 11

12 8. If Sätze Typ 1 und 2 gemischt Achte darauf, dass in if Sätzen vom Typ 1 anstatt "will" auch "can" stehen kann und in if Sätzen vom Typ 2 anstelle von "would" auch "could"! 1. If it (rain), we will not go to the Wilhelma. 2. If Beth (learn) more for Maths, she would be allowed to go to the disco on Saturdays. 3. I'll help you with your English homework if you (ask) me. 4. Tom would spend a year abroad if he (be) younger. 5. I'd install you the anti virus programme if I (have) time. 6. There would be less traffic jams if they (build) more roads. 7. You can make friends with many interesting people if you (join) the summer camp. 8. Linda could be rich if she (write) an interesting book. 9. If I were you, I (not / walk) through that park. 10. Everyone will tease you if you (wear) those ugly shoes. 11. Ron would ask Janette out for dinner if he (earn) more. 12. If we (drive) to Paris, we could see the Eiffel Tower. 13. I (ask) my sister for help if you wait a minute. 14. If I (see) somebody in need of help, I would help him / her immediately. 15. If you watch this movie, you (not / sleep) well. 16. There would be less air pollution if everybody (use) his / her bike more often. 17. If Mrs Maier (go) by train, she will arrive in time. 18. Would you still go to school if you (win) a million? 19. If Kira (not / do) the shopping, her mother will not cook her favourite meal for her. 20. Carmen can't go out with her friends if she (have) a cold. 21. Cathleen would have more friends if she (not / be) so unfriendly. 22. Lisa will not dance with you, if you (behave) like an idiot. Version 2.4 Seite 12

13 9. If Sätze Typ 1, 2 und 3 gemischt - Übung 1 Achte darauf, dass in if Sätzen vom Typ 1 anstatt will auch can stehen kann und in if Sätzen vom Typ 2 anstelle von would auch could! 1. My mum would be happy if I (not / play) too much PS3. 2. If we (not / hurry) up, we won't catch the bus. 3. If I (be) you, I would not steal anything. 4. If Belgium (Belgien) had not played so badly, they (not / lose) 2:0 against Italy. 5. If you blame me without any reason at all, I (not / talk) to you anymore. 6. Samantha's mother will be angry if she (come) home with dirty shoes. 7. Tina (buy) new shoes, if she had enough money. 8. If my mum had not bought food, we (not / have) anything to eat. 9. I would go to the police if someone (steal) my purse. 10. If I got up late, I (miss) the bus. 11. If my sister is nice to me, I (be) nice to her. 12. If I had found the address of my friend, I (send) her a birthday parcel. 13. Nick will be allowed to go out if he (do) his homework. 14. They (not / win) if Manuel Neuer had not been a good goal keeper. 15. My sister would help me with my homework if she (not / have) too much to do. 16. I will not go for a walk with the dog if it (rain). 17. If you wait a minute, I (ask) my mum. 18. If I (have) enough money, I would have bought a new mobile. 19. If I (leave) the party, I would be at home in time, but I don't want to leave. 20. I would be happy if my friends (come). Version 2.4 Seite 13

14 10. If Sätze Typ 1, 2 und 3 gemischt Übung 2 In dieser Übung habe ich oft Kurzformen verwendet. Achte also besonders darauf, in welcher Zeit der Satzteil ohne Lücke steht, damit Du bestimmen kannst, um welchen Typ von if Satz es sich handelt. 1. You'll miss the train if you (leave) the house too late. 2. If I (study), I could pass the exams. 3. If you had told me that we had run out of milk, I (buy) some. 4. If I (have) an island, I would lay in the sun the whole day. 5. If you're ready, I (pick) you up. 6. I (achieve) my aim (Ziel) if I had been more concentrated. 7. You'll get bad eyes if you (watch) too much TV. 8. I would invite all my friends to my birthday party, if I (have) a big house. 9. If I don't tidy up my room, my mum (not / help) me with my homework. 10. If I had not spent too much time on the computer, I (see) that my mum needs help in the kitchen. 11. Tom will send you a message if he (arrive) in time. 12. If I (study), I could have passed the exam. 13. If the weather got better, I (not / need) my warm clothes anymore. 14. Sally wouldn't have lost her way if she (use) a route guidance system (Navigationssystem). 15. We'll play in the garden if it (be) sunny tomorrow. 16. If my sister (have) the key, she would open the door, but she can't find it. 17. If I'd been more open minded towards other kids in my childhood, I (not / be) so shy now. 18. Sarah will get money from her parents if she (write) a good mark. Version 2.4 Seite 14