web-based method to generate specific energy consumption data for the evaluation and optimisation of building operation

Transkript

1 web-based method to generate specific energy consumption data for the evaluation and optimisation of building operation Andreas Wagner, Mathias Wambsganß, Sabine Froehlich project partners: German Railway Track Infrastructure (DB Netz AG), Frankfurt a. Main, Germany University of Karlsruhe, Department of Architecture, funding: 50 % German Ministry of Economy and Labour 50 % German Railway Track Infrastructure (DB Netz AG)

2 content motivation and goals 1 analysed buildings 2 method 3 results 4 conclusions 5

3 motivation very high potential for the reduction of CO 2 emissions in existing buildings insufficient knowledge about energy consumption and specific data especially in large building stocks user complaints and energy consumption are rarely considered in building operation goals development of an economical method to improve the building operation reduction of energy consumption and operation costs as well as ensuring a high work space quality usage of the internet: data transfer, data visualisation, user survey, communication, project documentation

4 content motivation and goals 1 analysed buildings 2 method 3 results 4 conclusions 5

5 analysed buildings DB Netz AG A B C D E F G H I year of construction restoration & extension utilisation h/d administration 24 h/d control rooms administration control rooms garage administration control rooms garage administration control rooms administration control rooms administration control rooms administration control rooms administration garage administration garage number of floors number of basement floors thereof gross volume [m³] gross floor area [m²] heated net floor area [m²] number of working places

6 characteristics of the chosen buildings: all buildings built between 1995 and 2000 leased office buildings (identical guidelines for building operation) high technical building equipment, partly airconditioned and 24 h operation time (high electricity demand) good comparability in age, size and use

7 content motivation and goals 1 analysed buildings 2 method 3 results 4 conclusions 5

8 800 benchmarking and selection rough analysis benchmarking 0 A C E G I and next selection A C E G I detailed analysis cooling server optimisation next detailed analysis user equipment ventilation lighting 0 A B C D E F G H I

9 data acquisition weekly readings electricity meters heat meters regular readings of the meters which are already installed in gas meters the buildings - recorded by the buildings technicians water meters meters counting operating hours and starts temporary measurements logger recordings of indoor climate data measurements of electricity consumptions measurements of illuminances short-time measurements on selected components of the technical equipment - by employees of the university

10 existing meters in the buildings number of meters per building A B C D E F G H I Zähler insgesamt davon Unterzähler main meters for electricity, heat, gas, water davon Unterzähler Strom (ohne Blindstrom) additional meters for monitoring the consumption of various building parts or technical equipment davon einzelne Gebäudeteile Küche Küche Kantine Kantine Kantine Tiefgarage VTs Tiefgarage unequal distribution of meters in the buildings: davon Unterzähler Kalt- oder Warmwasser davon einzelne Gebäudeteile Küche Küche Küche Küche Küche Küche Büros Büros Betriebszentrale Dach/Atrium Atrium Dach Außenanlagen Außenanlage Außenanlage davon Verbrauch für Anlagen Gesamtgebäude Warmwasser Warmwasser Warmwasser Warmwasser Kälte Kälte Heizung Lüftung Befeuchten Enthärtung Enthärtung Enthärtung good distribution bad distribution - hot and cold water - electricity - consumption in staff cantine/ kitchen davon Unterzähler Wärmemengen davon einzelne Gebäudeteile Küche Küche Küche Küche Küche Kantine Kantine Kantine Foyer Foyer Leitwarte Leitwarte Büros/ Konferenz Büros Büro Büros/ Konferenz Technik Gewerbe davon Verbrauch für Anlagen Gesamtgebäude Heizung Heizung Heizung Heizung Warmwasser Warmwasser Warmwasser Kälte davon Unterzähler Betriebsstunden/ -starts davon Verbrauch für Anlagen Gesamtgebäude Kälte Kälte Kälte Kälte Kälte Kälte Kälte Kälte Befeuchten Lüftung

11 Online-Eingabeformulare online input HTML/ (HTML PHP) / PHP) Passwortgeschütze, individuelle Eingabeformulare für jedes Gebäude weekly meter readings Datenverarbeitung plausibility check (Perl) Plausibilitätskontrolle (Perl) Negative Verbräuche Schreibfehler Zählerwechsel Große Verbrauchsänderungen (dynamisch) data management Datenbank data base (MySQL) Gebäude 1 Gebäude 1 Gebäude 1 Energie Gebäudedaten Flächen Arbeitsplätze Gebäudedaten Zählerdaten Flächen Arbeitsplätze Gebäudedaten Zählernummer Bezeichnung Flächen Zählerdaten Mengeneinheit Arbeitsplätze Zählernummer Zählerort Bezeichnung Zählerdaten Umrechnungsfaktoren Mengeneinheit Zählernummer Zählerstände Zählerort Bezeichnung Umrechnungsfaktoren Original-Zählerstände Mengeneinheit aller erfassten Zählerstände Zählerort im Gebäude zum Ablesetermin Umrechnungsfaktoren Original-Zählerstände aller er- Verbräuche fassten Zählerstände im Gebäude zum Ablesetermin Verbräuche aller Original-Zählerstände für den aller er- Ablesezeitraum Verbräuche fassten Zähler im Gebäude zum Ablesetermin Verbräuche aller Zähler für den Ablesezeitraum Verbräuche Verbräuche aller Zähler für den Ablesezeitraum Gebäude 1 Zusammengefasste spezifische Verbräuche für: Wärme Strom Wasser Verarbeitung data processing der Daten data processing and visualisation via internet Erstellung von Webseiten mit z.t. anonymisierten Diagrammen zur Darstellung von Ergebnissen. Teilweise automatisierte Aufbereitung der Daten durch Perl-Skripte für manuelle Auswertung mit diverser Software. Automatische Generierung von Protokollseiten mit Diagrammen der Verbrauchswerte der letzen Monate für die Gebäudemanager und als Mail an fbta-mitarbeiter. (Software: Perl, Grace) Berechnung von Flächen- und Arbeitsplatzspezifischen Verbräuchen für Gebäudevergleiche etc. (Software: Perl, Grace)

12 survey on work space quality with questionaire via intranet relationship between users' response and building operation?

13 content motivation and goals 1 analysed buildings 2 method 3 results 4 conclusions 5

14 300 specific yearly energy consumption of electricity and heat consumption related to the heated net floor area; data measured one full year: to specific yearly energy end consumption [kwh/m²y] specific electricity energy consumption specific heating energy consumption limit for heating energy demand: 95 kwh/m²y * for buildings with an average building compactness of 0,95 [building envelope/volume] 0 * according to the German building code of 1995 A B C D E F G H I arithm. arithmetic Mittel arith. mean mean buildings with additional technical usage (control room) without

15 mean daily specific electricity consumption consumption related to the heated net floor area; data measured weekly for one full year: to building A 900 building B specific daily electricity consumption [Wh / m² d] factor of 4,6 building C building D building E building F building G building H building I F-01 M-01 A-01 M-01 J-01 J-01 A-01 S-01 O-01 N-01 D-01 J-02 F-02 timeline

16 mean daily specific heat consumption 1400 consumption related to the heated net floor area; data measured weekly for one full year: to ; not temperature-adjusted building A 1200 building B specific daily heat consumption [Wh / m² d] > building B in winter needs only 50% more heating energy consumption than building A in summer building C building D building E building F building G building H building I 200 building A: 200 Wh / m²d in summer 0 F-01 M-01 A-01 M-01 J-01 J-01 A-01 S-01 O-01 N-01 D-01 J-02 F-02 --> 8 Watt heating power per m²!

17 specific yearly primary energy consumption of electricity and heat consumption related to the heated net floor area; data measured one full year: to specific primary energy consumption [kwh/m²y] specific primary heat consumption specific primary electricity consumption reference 1: low-energy office reference reference building 3: 2: DB arithmetic mean value Netz AG mean of 100 registered office buildings Hammvalue of a (research of a recent study project study in Switzerland Solarbau: in Germany in 1999 Monitor) of about 1600 office buildings A B C D E F G H I arith. arith.mittel mean ref.1 DB references CH 991, 2 ages and ref Hamm buildings with additional technical usage without Proceedings of the ( Fourth t International l ) Conference for Enhanced Building Operations, Paris, France, October 18-19, 2004

18 specific yearly primary energy and specific yearly water consumption energy consumption related to the heated net floor area, water consumption per work place; data measured one full year to ,0 specific primary energy consumption [kwh/m² y] , , , , , ,0 A B C D E F G H I arith.mittel mean 8,1 specific primary energy consumption (electricity and heat) specific water consumption saving potential of the 3 buildings with highest consumption: yearly primary energy 580 kwh/m²y yearly operation costs (assuming 7,5 -Cent for electricity, 3 -Cent for heat) A C E buildings with additional technical usage (control room) without F 579 2, , , ,9 16,0 14,0 12,0 10,0 8,0 6,0 4,0 2,0 specific water consumption [ l / work place and year]

19 content motivation and goals 1 analysed buildings 2 method 3 results 4 conclusions 5

20 web-based method to generate specific energy consumption data for the evaluation and optimisation of office building operation conclusions: fast generation of reliable specific building data (energy, water, areas) no investment costs for data acquisition or specialised software packages high automatisation: web-based monitoring and data management via data base optimisation targets: technical equipment, building operation and user behaviour goal: application on large building stocks

21 web-based method to generate specific energy consumption data for evaluation and optimisation of office building operation contact: University of Karlsruhe internet (in german language only)

22