VANIMO. The same language is spoken at Leitere, along the coast to the east, and as far as Wutong, on the coast to the west... - Chinnery 1925:51.

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1 VANIMO Aro Ro Warimo Jakó Jumbré = Wanimo Jumré = Wanimo Wanimo - Wichmann 1917:222. VALMAN GROUP. Wanimo. -- In Angriffshafen district. Waromo. -- In Angriffshafen district, west of Wanimo. Yako. -- In Angriffshafen district, west of Waromo. - Ray 1919: The community known as Vanimo is settled on a point on the western end of the bay known as Angriffs Haven. The settlement appears to consist of a number of small hamlets, the houses of which are grouped in the vicinity of the sacred houses para. Three of these hamlets, named respectively Waparate, Mundo, and Pranghi, were visited. - Chinnery 1925:48. The same language is spoken at Leitere, along the coast to the east, and as far as Wutong, on the coast to the west. - Chinnery 1925:51. Angriffs Haven = Vanimo Cheesman 1941 The Roman Catholic Mission west of Wanimo harbour is also called Vanimo: the two native villages of the western bluff are Wanimo and Worrebu. It was the Germans who made confusion by changing the W into V. It is a pity, for the name Vanimo has no meaning in the native language, while Wanimo means "the place beyond" or "round the corner" and designated the harbour. I was told that both bluffs, east and west, are also known as Wanimo. - Cheesman 1941:180. The village of Vanimo, situated on the western side of Angriff's Haven, is officially known as Vanimo on Admiralty charts, but the natives themselves call it Manimo. 1

2 - Thomas 1941:163. On the western point of Angriff's Haven is the village of Manimo. About a half-hour walk to the west is the village of Warimo, and another hour trip brings one to Yako. With these three villages there is some intermarriage. - Thomas 1941:165. the Vanimo coastal area. It covers the coastal villages from Leitere to the Netherlands New Guinea border, and the Sko language in Netherlands territory belongs to the same / language group. Vanimo and Wutung, the two varieties of speech found in the area, can be regarded with Sko as dialects of a single language. The three vary considerably in vocabulary, but structurally they are one. - Capell 1962: Die Vanimo leben in den drei Dörfern Yako, Waromo und Vanimo am Angriffshaven. Über die Bevölkerungszahl liegen unterschiedliche Schätzungen aus verschiedenen Zeiten vor. NEUHAUSS [1911:134] gibt für Einwohner an, wobei / sich diese Zahl allein auf das Dorf Vanimo zu beziehen scheint. 300 Einwohner schätzt GERSTNER [1938:298] 1938 für das Dorf Vanimo, welche er als größtes dieser Gruppe bezeichnet. THOMAS [1941:163] gibt als durchschnittliche Größe der Dörfer dieses gebietes Einwohner an, nur Yako ist kleiner. Wir dürfen demnach für die Vanimo eine Zahl von maximal 800 Personen als real ansehen. Ihre Sprach ist nichtaustonesisch und gehört zu der oben erwähnten Sprachgruppe. Im Widerspruch hierzu steht allerdings die Meldung eines Anonymus [DKB 1907:203], daß die Vanimo-Sprache neben ihrer Ähnlichkeit mit der von Leitere auch eine solche mit der an der Humboldt-Bai gesprochenen austronesischen Sprache habe. Seine Beobachtung, daß eine Verständigung zwischen Bewohnern beider Gebiete möglich ist, braucht aber diesen Widerspruch nicht zu beinhalten. - Tiesler : (Manimo) 1395 [speakers] Villages: Isi, Vanimo, Warimo, Yako - Laycock 1973a:18. 1,395 speakers [as of January 1970] - Laycock 1975d:851. [Map] Wanimo -- VANIMO Waromo (Walomo) -- VANIMO 2

3 Yako -- VANIMO - Swadling 1979:5. the Vanimo language, a member of the Vanimo Family of the Sko phylum-level Stock. - Ross 1980:77. [Map] Vanimo -- VANIMO Yako -- VANIMO - Wurm & Hattori 1981 Vanimo: 2,200 speakers reported in 1990, in Vanimo District, West Sepik Province, Papua New Guinea, with a few in Irian Jaya, Indonesia. Also called Manimo. - Comrie 1992mm:452. Most in Papua New Guinea. Related language: Wutung. - Grimes 1992:583. Sandaun Province, Vanimo District. 3 villages. A few in Irian Jaya. Related language: Wutung. - Grimes 1992:872. VANIMO (MANIMO, WANIMO, DUSO) (1990 SIL). Sandaun Province, Vanimo District. 3 villages. Not in Irian Jaya. 2 dialects. Related language: Wutung. - Grimes VANIMO (MANIMO, WANIMO, DUSO) 2,200 (1990 SIL). Sandaun Province, Vanimo District. 3 villages. Not in Irian Jaya. Linguistic affiliation: Sko, Vanimo. 2 dialects. Related language: Wutung. - Grimes (WANIMO) [January, 1910: from Eitape to Hollandia] Was die an der Grenze sitzende Bevölkerung betrifft, so gehören die drei Skoo- oder Seka-Dörfer sprachlich noch zu der Familie, die in Deutsch-Neuguinea über Wutung, Yako, Waremo und Wanimo bis nach Laitere geht. Sie spricht eine Papua-Sprache. - Friederici 1910a:332. (WAREMO) [January, 1910: from Eitape to Hollandia] 3

4 Was die an der Grenze sitzende Bevölkerung betrifft, so gehören die drei Skoo- oder Seka-Dörfer sprachlich noch zu der Familie, die in Deutsch-Neuguinea über Wutung, Yako, Waremo und Wanimo bis nach Laitere geht. Sie spricht eine Papua-Sprache. - Friederici 1910a:332. (YAKO) [January, 1910: from Eitape to Hollandia] Was die an der Grenze sitzende Bevölkerung betrifft, so gehören die drei Skoo- oder Seka-Dörfer sprachlich noch zu der Familie, die in Deutsch-Neuguinea über Wutung, Yako, Waremo und Wanimo bis nach Laitere geht. Sie spricht eine Papua-Sprache. - Friederici 1910a:332. 4

5 VANIMO Capell 1954, Wurm 1971, VANIMO = SKO = WUTUNG Capell 1962 VANIMO VANIMO 800 Tiesler ,395 Vanimo (Laycock 1973, 1975; Wurm & Hattori 1981; Wurm 1982) VANIMO 1,400 Sko (Foley 1986) VANIMO 2,200 (1990) Sko (Comrie 1992mm) VANIMO 2,200 Vanimo (Grimes 1992, 2000; Wurm 1994) VANIMO Vanimo (Grimes 1996) VANIMO = DUMO Donohue 2002 VANIMO = DUSUR Donohue 2002 VÁNIMO-VÁREMO-JAKO Vanimo-Létere Group (Salzner 1960) MANIMO = VANIMO Laycock 1973; Wurm 1982, 1994; Comrie 1992mm; Grimes 1992, 1996, 2000 WANIMO Friederici 1910a WANIMO Valman Group (Ray 1919) WANIMO = VANIMO Grimes 1996, 2000 WAREMO Friederici 1910a WAROMO Valman Group (Ray 1919) DUMO Vanimo (Donohue 2002) DUSO = VANIMO Grimes 1996, 2000 DUSØ = DUSUR Donohue 2002 DUSUR Vanimo (Donohue 2002) SKO-VANIMO Capell 1969 YAKO Friedeiric 1910a YAKO Valman Group (Ray 1919) YAKO = VÁNIMO = VÁREMO-JAKO Salzner 1960 Angriffs Haven = Vanimo Chinnery 1925, Cheesman 1941 Aro = Warimo -- VANIMO Isi -- VANIMO Laycock 1973 Jakó -- VANIMO Yako Thomas 1941 Yako -- VANIMO Tiesler , Laycock 1973, Swadling 1979, Wurm & Hattori 1981 Yako -- DUMO Donohue 2002 Jumbré = Wanimo -- VANIMO 5

6 Jumré = Wanimo -- VANIMO Leitere -- VANIMO Chinnery 1925 Lido -- DUSUR Donohue 2002 Manimo = Vanimo Thomas 1941 Mundo -- VANIMO Chinnery 1925 Pranghi -- VANIMO Chinnery 1925 Ro = Warimo -- VANIMO Vanimo -- VANIMO Tiesler , Laycock 1973, Wurm & Hattori 1981 Vanimo = Wanimo Cheesman 1941 Vanimo Thomas 1941 Wanimo Friederici 1910a Wanimo -- VANIMO Wanimo = Vanimo -- VANIMO Laycock 1973, Swadling 1979 Walomo = Waromo -- VANIMO Swadling 1979 Warimo -- VANIMO Warimo Thomas 1941 Warimo -- VANIMO Laycock 1973 Waromo -- VANIMO Tiesler , Swadling 1979 Waromo -- DUMO Donohue 2002 Waparate -- VANIMO Chinnery 1925 Worrebu Cheesman 1941 Wutong -- VANIMO Chinnery