PTC Konolfingen Market / Regional Business Engineering
Gerrit Fikse Verantwortlich: Sprühtrockner ATEX (Pulver)
Pulver Charakteristiken sammeln Zonen Einteilung Aktive Zündquellen analysieren Risiken Analyse Risiken Reduktion
Pulver Charakteristiken Wo holen: MSDS GESTIS Welche Daten: Mindestzündenergie MIT SIT K St -Wert Flammpunkt
Zonen Einteilung Stäube: Zone 20: ist ein Bereich, in dem gefährliche explosionsfähige Atmosphäre in Form einer Wolke aus in der Luft enthaltenem brennbaren Staub ständig, über lange Zeiträume oder häufig vorhanden ist. Zone 21: ist ein Bereich, in dem sich bei Normalbetrieb gelegentlich gefährliche explosionsfähige Atmosphäre in Form einer Wolke aus in der Luft enthaltenem brennbaren Staub bilden kann. Zone 22: ist ein Bereich, in dem bei Normalbetrieb eine gefährliche explosionsfähige Atmosphäre in Form einer Wolke aus in der Luft enthaltenem brennbaren Staub normalerweise nicht oder aber nur kurzzeitig auftritt.
Zündquellen nach EN1127-1 1. Heiße Oberflächen 2. Flammen und heiße Gase (einschließlich heißer Partikel) 3. Mechanisch erzeugte Funken 4. Elektrische Anlagen 5. Elektrische Ausgleichsströme, kathodischer Korrosionsschutz 6. Statische Elektrizität 7. Blitzschlag 8. Elektromagnetische Wellen im Bereich der Frequenzen von 104 Hz bis 3 1012 Hz (Hochfrequenz) 9. Elektromagnetische Wellen im Bereich der Frequenzen von 3 1011 Hz bis 3 1015 Hz 10. Ionisierende Strahlung 11. Ultraschall 12. Adiabatische Kompression und Stoßwellen 13. Exotherme Reaktionen, einschließlich Selbstentzündung von Stäuben
Risiken Analyse Zusammenführen von Zone und Zundquellen: Je häufiger eine Staubwolke um so weniger eine Zündquelle zulässig ist. Je häufiger eine Zündquelle aktiv ist, um so weniger eine Staubwolke zulässig ist.
Beispiel für Pulver AREA ZONE MAPPING
Risk Assessment: Step 2 Zoning Step 2 : Identification of areas with permanent or temporary explosive atmospheres ID No./Code VTR10 Process Vacuum Powder Conveying Normal Operation: including start-up, shut-down, cleaning, maintenance Deviations and Malfunctions: leakage and spillage, power failure, failure of ventilation or dust extraction, interruption of inert gas supply, failure of control systems for temperature, pressure, weight, level or flow Area Code A1 Area Inlet Transition & Rotary Valve Interior Ex - Zone Remark 20 A critical concentration of dust may be reached continuously during normal operation. A2 Surge Hopper Interior 20 A critical concentration of dust seldom reached due to high concentraiton of product in normal operation. A3 Discharge Convey Line 20 A critical concentration of dust may be reached continuously during normal operation. A4 Area within 3m of Zone 20 22 Possible explosive atmosphere due dust emission from filter, valves. -filter damaged-very rare -inspect filter 6 months -valves-leaking--very rare--ensure all bolts are tight every 6 months - BFM leaking-very rare--inspect every 3mths and replace if necessary -Rotary valve seals--rare--air purging during operation -3month maintanence A5 Area outside of Zone22 N No zoning.(no dust layer due to distance from machinery, ventilation, regular cleaning). *1 *1 Refer to General System Operations Requirements
Risk Assessment: Step 3 Ignition Source Step 3: Identification of ignition sources ID No./Code VTR10 Process Vacuum Powder Conveying OPEN Occurrence FLAMES Area IS Code Code Ignition Source A B C D Remark A1 1 Open flames X Welding, cutting, grinding during M & I activities. (Does not occur during production-hot work permit system in place). *1 A2 2 Open flames X Welding, cutting, grinding during M & I activities. (Does not occur during production-hot work permit system in place). *1 A3 3 Open flames X Welding, cutting, grinding during M & I activities. (Does not occur during production-hot work permit system in place). *1 A4 4 Open flames X Welding, cutting, grinding during M & I activities. (Does not occur during production-hot work permit system in place). *1 A1 5 Embers from upstream X Excluded - No explosion will occur upstream, refer to risk assessment on Egron Sifter and Fluid Bed by others (Suppression system in place). A2 6 Embers from downstream (A3) X Excluded - No explosion will occur downstream, refer to risk assessments PWS 20, PWS 21, PWS 22, PWS 23. *1 - Refer to General System Operations Requirements Occurrence A: occurs during normal operation B: does not occur during normal operation but only as a result of rare malfunctions C: does not occur during normal operation but only as a result of very rare malfunctions D: does not occur
Risk Assessment: Step 4 Assessment Step 4 : Risk Assessment ID No./Code VTR10 Process Vacuum Powder Conveying NONE ZONE 22 ZONE 21 ZONE 20 A A4.7 A4.8 A4.10 A4.11 B A4.32 A4.33 A4.34 A1.1 A2.2 A3.3 C D A4.4 A4.17 A4.21 A4.25 A1.5 A2.6 A2.9 A1.12 A1.13 A1.14 A2.15 A3.16 A1.18 A2.19 A3.20 A1.22 A2.23 A3.24 A2.26 A2.27 A3.28 A1.29 A1.30 A1.31
Risiken Reduktion Priorität: 1. Vermeiden Ex Atmosphäre 2. Vermeiden Zündquelle 3. Schutzmassnahmen
Non-electrical Equipment, type of protection (EN 13463-1) Protective Measures Ensure that no ignition source occurs Ensure that ignition source remains ineffective Prevent the Ex atmosphere from reaching the ignition source Encapsulate explosion, prevent transmission of internal ignition Constructional Safety «c» Inherent Safety «g» Control of Ignition Sources «b» Flow Restricting Enclosure «fr» Cat. 3 Pressurization «p» Liquid Immersion «k» Flameproof Enclosure «d» Some requirements carried over to EN 13463-1. Ignition Hazard Assessment
Falsche Beispiele Filter Statische Probleme
Feuer / Explosion
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