Loyalty in the Middle Ages

Loyalty in the Middle Ages

BREPOLS COLLECTED ESSAYS IN EUROPEAN CULTURE Previously published volumes in this series are listed at the back of the book Volume 5

Loyalty in the Middle Ages Ideal and Practice of a Cross-Social Value Edited by Jörg Sonntag and Coralie Zermatten

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. 2015, Brepols Publishers n.v., Turnhout, Belgium All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. D/2015/0095/164 ISBN: 978-2-503-55103-6 e-isbn: 978-2-503-55120-3 Printed on acid-free paper

Essays in Honour of Gert Melville

Contents List of Illustrations Loyalty in the Middle Ages: Introductory Remarks on a Cross-Social Value Coralie Zermatten and Jörg Sonntag x xi Part I. Individual Bonds of Loyalty: Friendship and Treue Here and Hereafter Siegfrieds verlorene Siege oder Loyalität der Schwachen? Tödliche Spiele im Nibelungenlied Rudolf Kilian Weigand 3 Der loyale Freund ist eine feste Burg: Loyalität als Charakteristikum der Freundschaft im späten Mittelalter Klaus Oschema 25 Léal souvenir Jean-Claude Schmitt 49 Burials, Benefactions, and the Bohuns: Dynastic and Monastic Loyalties in Medieval England Brian Golding 65 Nos qui cum eo fuimus: Gefährten und Mitstreiter der franziskanischen Reformatoren im 15. Jahrhundert. Das Beispiel von Johannes Kapistran Ludovic Viallet 97

viii Contents Part II. Political Expressions of Loyalty: Commitments as Stabilizers of Order Schreckensherrschaft: Urteile und Bewertungen von der späten Antike bis zum hohen Mittelalter Hans-Joachim Schmidt 111 The Oaths of Strasbourg (842) and their Implications in the Light of Recent Scholarship Rosamond McKitterick 141 Fides fiducia fedus im politischen Sprachgebrauch der lombardischen Kommunen im 13. Jahrhundert Maria Pia Alberzoni 161 Loyalität und Illoyalität an spätmittelalterlichen Fürstenhöfen im Reich Karl-Heinz SpieSS 183 The Papacy, the French Monarchy, and Reciprocal Loyalty David L. D Avray 205 Englische Ordenshäuser in der Anfangsphase des Hundertjährigen Krieges Jens Röhrkasten 213 Zur Loyalität interkultureller Makler im Mittelmeerraum: Christliche Söldnerführer (alcayts) im Dienste muslimischer Sultane Nikolas Jaspert 235

Contents ix Part III. Loyalty and Faith: Obedience and Pragmatism in Religious Communities Communities of Practice and Emotional Aspects of Loyalty in Tenth- and Eleventh-Century Monasticism STEven VandERPuTTEn 279 Loyalty and Betrayal in Bernard of Clairvaux Brian PATRICk McGuIRE 305 The Religious Profession in the Order of the Canons Regular of Prémontré: A Challenge of Loyalty Bernard ArduRA 327 Divided Loyalties in Religious Orders: Structures and Patterns in Cistercian Wales and Ireland Anne MüLLER 345 Cucullus non facit monachum? The Controversy over the Franciscan Habit in the Early Fourteenth Century Michael F. CuSATO 361 Part IV. Concluding Reflections and Perspectives Felix Dahn s Deutsche Treue: Loyalty and Its Alternatives in the Tenth Century PATRICk GEARy 407 Reziprozität und institutionelle Risikoverminderung: Soziologische Anmerkungen zur Loyalität Karl-SIEGBERT Rehberg 423 Index of Names and Places 453

List of Illustrations Figure 1, p. 50. Jan van Eyck, Portrait of a Man ( Léal Souvenir ), London, National Gallery. 1432. Figure 2, p. 58. Paris, Archives nationales, MM 406, fol. 8 r, image 15, statute 46. Fourteenth century. Figure 3, p. 59. Paris, Archives nationales, MM 406, fol. 11 r, image 30, statute 151. Fourteenth century. Figure 4, p. 401. Franciscan habit, Frater Willelmus from England. Cambridge, CCCC, MS XVI, fol. 71 r. Figure 5, p. 401. Franciscan habit. La sostanza dell effimero. Gli abiti degli Ordini religiosi in Occi dente. Catalogo, a cura di Giancarlo Rocca.