Payment Systems for Distributed Transport Scheme

Transkript

1 Payment Systems for Distributed Transport Scheme. Lars Fischer Universität Siegen September 23, 2014 Lars Fischer 1/21

2 Outline Introduction Related Work Advance Payment Process Distance Measure Discussion Conclusion. Lars Fischer 2/21

3 Introduction Physical Objects Sneaker Transport Co-Presence Networks Payment for Transportation Effort Factors Time Object Size/Weight here: Distance Challenges: Fair Transport Distance Measure Secure Payment. Lars Fischer 3/21

4 Fakultät Wirtschaftswissenschaften, P.O.S.T.-Application Lars Fischer 4/21

5 Transport Path e 1 e 4 a 5 e 5 a 6. s a 1 a 2 a 3 e 2 a 4 d se e n d sd e 3 Lars Fischer 5/21

6 Requirements for Fair Transport Distance R 1) Predictable/fixed price of transportation p(s, d) δ(s, d) R 2) Fair division of work done p(ai ) p(s, d) δ(a i) δ(aj ) No negative distance don t pay for work Overshooting of destination (passing it closely) R 3) Tamper-proof Evidence of Distance Travelled Prevent detouring Misplacement of last position R 4) Prevent malicious collaboration R 5) Payment after the object reached its destination or on the spot? Lars Fischer 6/21

7 Related Concepts Proof-of-Work (Adam Back: HashCash [1]) Fair division Line-of-Sound-Verification: [3] Position-Based Cryptography [2] Lars Fischer 7/21

8 Advance Payment Process 1. advance payment s d 2. connect payment to packet securely (voucher) 3. pay back delivery a n a n 1 p s s. d a 1 p a1 e 1 a 2 p a2 p a3 e 2 a 3 e 3 a 4 p a4 p sd [Narrative-Style Contact Graph (see Lars Fischer 8/21

9 Voucher Requirements Prove that payment happened Prove relation payment to packet Prevent double-spending (same voucher for multiple packets) Partial reimbursement Lars Fischer 9/21

10 Fakultät Wirtschaftswissenschaften, Bitcoin for Vouchers Transaction is public Reference packet id Utilise unique stamp One-time-Stamps Reusable-RFID-Stamps. Lars Fischer 10/21

11 Proof-of-Distance Schemes e 1 e 4 e 5. s e 3 e 2 d Distance Travelled Orthogonal Forward Propagation Backward Propagation Lars Fischer 11/21

12 Distance Travelled Scheme e i e i 1 d t (a i ) d s. Fair Payment: Projected Vector Lenght: d t (a i ) := δ(e i, e i+1 ) p(a i ) = p(s, d) d t(a i ) d t (a j ) j Lars Fischer 12/21

13 Orthogonal Payment Scheme e i d s. Fair Payment: d o (a i ) Projected Vector Lenght: d o (a i ) := δ((s e i ) (d s)). p(a i ) := p(s, d) d o(a i ) δ(s, d) Lars Fischer 13/21

14 Forward Propagation Scheme e i a 1,..., a i d s. Fair Payment: d f (a i ) Radius from s: d f (a i ) = δ(s, e i ) (1) p(a i ) := p(s, d) d o(a i ) δ(s, d) Lars Fischer 14/21

15 Backward Propagation Scheme m a 1,..., a i d s. Fair Payment: d b (a i ) Backward distance: d b (a i ) = δ(e i, d) (2) p(a i ) := p(s, d) (δ(s, d) d o(a i ) δ(s, d) Lars Fischer 15/21

16 Evaluation of Schemes Distance Travelled - Overall Distance/Price not known before delivery (no advance payment possible) OR overall price paid by agents will be larger than price of p(s,d) + no overshooting possible Orthogonal Forward Backward - Full payment on overshooting the target - Negative earnings for going backwards - Should not overshoot d: Full Payment on overshooting - Negative Payment if moving backwards - Should not overshoot s - Negative Payment if moving backwards Lars Fischer 16/21

17 Discussion Advance Payment + Fitting Scheme R 1) Trivially R 2) see above R 3) Only event distance paid Already Paid Dist in Ledger R 4) Collaborators share only combined dist R 5) No proof of delivery Lars Fischer 17/21

18 Conclusion Future Work: Insurance/Value-based Payment? Bitcoin requires Connectivity don t want that Implement it Transfer to Time Utilisation of Size/Weight Lars Fischer 18/21

19 Lars Fischer IT-Sicherheitsmanagement Universität Siegen AED8 D74C 3ABE D1CE DCF D ECD3 8A8D 7449 Lars Fischer 19/21

20 CfP GeoProcessing 2015 The Seventh International Conference on Advanced Geographic Information Systems, Applications, and Services February 22-27, 2015 Lisbon, Portugal Co-located with DigitalWorld 2015 IARIA International Acadamy, Research, and Industry Association Geo-spatial Fundamentals Geo-spatial Web Services GIS Geo-Spatial Simulation and Visualization Geo-Modeling Digital Cartography Data Earth Geo-Observation Geo-Sensing Specific Geo-Data Processing Geo-Spatial Domain Applications Managing Geo-Spatial Data Submission: Oct. 12th Lars Fischer 20/21

21 Bibliography Adam Back. Hashcash - A Denial of Service Counter-Measure. Tech. rep. Aug url: N. Chandran et al. Position-Based Cryptography. In: SIAM Journal on Computing 43.4 (2014), pp doi: / eprint: url: Naveen Sastry, Umesh Shankar, and David Wagner. Secure Verification of Location Claims. In: Proceedings of the 2Nd ACM Workshop on Wireless Security. WiSe 03. San Diego, CA, USA: ACM, 2003, pp isbn: doi: / url: Lars Fischer 21/21