CSR-Politik(en) im Spannungsfeld

Transkript

1 CSR-Politik(en) im Spannungsfeld von Staat, Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft Ergebnisse eines Projekts im Auftrag der EU-DG Beschäftigung, durchgeführt am Research Institute for Managing Sustainability der WU Wien Reinhard Steurer Institut für Wald-, Umwelt- und Ressourcenpolitik, BOKU Wien Hametner, Steurer, Tiroch: Objectives and indicators of SD in Europe EASY-ECO Vienna Conference 2008 Überblick 1. Hintergrund der Präsentation Forschung im Auftrag der EU-DG für Beschäftigung 2. Nachhaltige Entwicklung: Der Kontext von CSR Politik(en) Konzeptionelle und politikrelevante Klärungen 3. Merkmale des Politikfeldes CSR Instrumente und Themenfelder 4. Initiativen in den EU-27 in den Themenfeldern Bewusstseinsbildung, nachhaltige öffentliche Beschaffung (SPP) und sozial verantwortliches Investment (SRI) 5. Zusammenfassung und Schlussfolgerungen Bedeutung der Instrumente und Aktivitätsniveaus

2 Hintergrund der Präsentation Projekt Analysis of National Policies on CSR, Finanziert von der EU Generaldirektion für Beschäftigungspolitik, soziale Angelegenheiten und Chancengleichheit Präsentiert und diskutiert mit der EU CSR High Level Group Projekt website: Zusammenfasung der Ergebnisse: ESDN Quarterly Report Juni 2008 siehe Relating SD and CSR - Sustainable consumption & production policies - Energy policies - Environmental policies - Social policies - Transport policies - CSR policies i etc. CSR Corporate Accountability Managing stakeholder relations Sustainable - Consumption - Housing - Mobility - Investing civil society SD in

3 Preliminary conclusions on CSR CSR is a business contribution to SD (European Commission 2001) Since CSR re-defines state-business and businesssociety relations, respective activities also concern governments and civil society CSR policies are new government contributions to SD that complement (or compensate for the lack of) traditional social and environmental policies Sorting policy 1. Legal : Laws, regulations, decrees 2. Economic : Subsidies, grants, prices/awards Regulatory approach 3. Informational : Campaigns, guidelines, trainings 4. Partnering : Agreements, networks, PPPs, dialogues 5. Hybrid Strategies, action plans, platforms, centres New governance and soft-law approach

4 Sorting policy 1. Legal : Laws, regulations, decrees 2. Economic : Subsidies, grants, prices/awards 3. Informational : Campaigns, guidelines, trainings New governance and soft-law approach 4. Partnering : Agreements, networks, PPPs, dialogues 5. Hybrid Strategies, action plans, platforms, centres Sorting topics No traditional social and environmental policies, but Raise awareness and build capacities for CSR Foster disclosure, transparency and stakeholder involvement Facilitate Socially Responsible Investment (SRI) Lead by example (or walk the talk ) and provide incentives for CSR in applying SD principles to government activities, e.g. through Sustainable Public Procurement SRI in the public domain Adopting social/environmental/sr management systems SD/SR reporting

5 Putting the typology of CSR policies together I n s t r u m e n t s a) )Legal b) Economic c) Informational d) Partnering e) Hybrid Topics 1. Raise awareness 3. Foster Socially 2. Improve disclosure and build capacities Responsible and transparency for CSR Investment (SRI) 4. Lead by example, e.g. in opublic P procurement; oapplying SRI; oapplying (C)SR management tools CSR awareness raising initiatives 1. Hintergrund Unternehmen engagieren g sich nur für CSR wenn sie und ihre stakeholder mit dem Konzept und seinen daraus resultierenden Chancen vertraut sind 2. Erhebung Telefon Interviews August-Oktober interviews plus Analyse weiterführender Dokumente 20 EU Länder damit abgedeckt 3. Ergebnisse 85 Initiativen 3 Fallstudien (Denmark, Netherlands, Sweden)

6 Overview of CSR awareness raising (85) Institutions: platforms/ centres; 8.2% Action plans/ programmes/strategy for CSR; 9.4% Economic incentives (loans, grants, subsidies); 3.5% Prices and awards (CSR audits/labels); 8.2% Others; 7.0% Hybrid tools and others Financial or economic Partnering Informational or endorsing Education activities, e.g. conferences, seminars, trainings; 17.7% Government-sponsored guidelines; 10.6% Information resources, e.g. website, studies, reports etc.; ;106% 10.6% Multi-stakeholder fora; 4.8% Networks/partnerships/ agreements; 10.6% Information/awareness raising campaigns; 9.4% Sustainable Public Procurement (SPP) 1. Rationale By making public procurement more sustainable, governments lead by example and provide economic incentives for CSR 2. Method Telephone survey in March-April interviews plus some written information 26 EU Member States covered 3. Results 103 government initiatives iti found 3 case studies (Austria, France, UK)

7 Overview of SPP initiatives (103) Platforms/centres/ institutions; 5.8% Educational activities, e.g. conferences, seminars, trainings; 3.9% Government-sponsored guidelines; 13.6% Action plans/ programmes/strategies for CSR; 27.2% Hybrid Informational Information resources, e.g. websites, studies, reports, etc.; 11.7% Circulars; 49% 4.9% Partnering Information/awareness t raising campaigns; 1.9% Legal Networks/partnerships/ agreements; 1.0% Decrees, resolutions; 49% 4.9% Laws; 25.2% EU Directives* on PP: Status of implementation 19: implemented 2 (Es, Lux): in preparation 1: not implemented 5: status unclear * Procurement directive 2004/18/EC Utilities directive 2004/17/EC

8 Member States with National Action Plans on SPP/GPP 9: NAP adopted 7: NAP in preparation/ drafted 3: No (draft) NAP 8: Status unclear Socially Responsible Investment (SRI) 1. Rationale SRI is the application of CSR and SD principles p in investment decisions - it embeds CSR in the functioning of shareholder capitalism 2. Method Telephone survey in Nov 2007-Jan contacts and 24 EU MS reached 3. Results 14 initiatives iti found from 7 EU MS Most of them briefly summarised (instead of case studies)

9 Overview of SRI initiatives (14) Governments applying SRI to public funds (1) Hybrid Informational Government-sponsored guidelines (1) Information resources, e.g. websites, studies, reports, etc. (2) Laws (6) Legal All SRI initiatives are economic incentives for CSR Financial i or economic Tax incentives (3) Economic incentives, e.g. loans, grants, subsidies, etc. (1) Overview of CSR policy Informational used most in context of CSR Few partnering despite voluntary character of CSR policies Legal, not mandating

10 Levels of activity across Europe >10 initiatives 6-10 initiatives 1-5 initiatives not covered Conclusions on CSR policies in Europe 1. Governments have many possibilities to shape and transform CSR, away from self-regulation towards co-regulation 2. CSR policies complement traditional regulatory policies because they rely more on new governance and soft-law 3. The political salience of CSR and CSR policies depends on (i) Scope of traditional policies and Corporate Accountability (when regulations loose ground, CSR can fill vacuum) (ii) How CSR policies are pursued (pro-actively or passively see change of course by the European Commission i in 2005/2006) (iii) Interest of society in CSR (stakeholder pressure)