RDE Real Driving Emissions PEMS Application Korean Delegation November 2015 Part 1 Dipl.-Ing. Karsten Mathies

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1 RDE Real Driving Emissions PEMS Application Korean Delegation November 2015 Part 1 Dipl.-Ing. Karsten Mathies karsten.mathies@tuevhessen.de Karsten Mathies

2 Intro: RDE PEMS for Passenger Car If you can t measure it, you can t control it. Measurement is the first step to control. With measurement you can develop and improve. Ronald O.Loveridge, Mayor of Riverside, CA, USA at the 2012 UCR, University of California, PEMS Conference

3 Intro: RDE Real Driving Emissions with PEMS Public issue with emissions put all elements of certification and emission measurement process on chassis dyno in question Discussion: what is a defeat device and what level of real world emissions is acceptable? National type approval authorities for european process in question, witness testing in question Out of all, Real Driving Emissions with PEMS got the big push

4 Presentation Content Practical Application of PEMS How to deal with the moving target RDE

5 How to find the suitable system Of course the usual planning: Contacting suppliers Study literature Note down your special project requirements Visit RDE Conferences Do a PEMS Demo vehicle with an experienced partner From scratch to emission results 5

6 PEMS at TÜV Hessen: Nonroad 6

7 TÜV Hessen : EU Pilot Program PEMS at NRMM TÜV Hessen participates in the EU Pilot program for Nonroad mobile machinery Test campaign Application of instruments Calculation Expertise in developing testing and driving routes 7

8 TÜV Hessen PEMS Application Tests with System : AVL M.O.V.E. GAS PEMS 493 (PM PEMS 494) System Control and E-box, Heavy-Duty-Cases Exhaust Flowmeter SEMTECH EFM 4 TÜV Hessen attachment with 3 point link, Weiste-Triangle plus standard shovel 8

9 Various Diameters EFM Up to 6m Heated Sample Line Electrical Energy consumption 9

10 Pems on Tractor Dyno

11 Comparison / PEMS vs. stationary Measurement System AVL PEMS AVL i60 NOx during NRTC 2, cold [ppm] Time [s] 11

12 Comparison / PEMS vs. stationary Measurement System results PEMS relativ to test bed [%] NRTC 1, warm NRTC 2, cold NRTC 3, warm Customer-Cycle Fendt C1-Test NOx [ppm] HC [ppm] CO [ppm] CO2 [Vol-%] exhaust mass [kg/h] 12

13 GAS PEMS Calgas Audit

14 Pems on Tractor Dyno II

15 Pit Stop with PEMS

16 Long Testing possible

17 PEMS at TÜV Hessen: Construction Machinery 17

18 How long does it take to install? Time from Nikon Camera 8:47 9:03 9: :32 16:14 18

19 PEMS Heavy Duty Vehicle Application GAS & PM Sampling Probe EFM Generator Muffler DPF

20 PEMS at TÜV Hessen: Truck EURO 6 ISC 20

21 TRUCK PEMS Installation

22 Exhaust Truck

23 TRUCK PEMS

24 Heated Lines Routing to Trailer

25 PEMS at TÜV Hessen: BUS Karsten Mathies

26 PEMS Linearization & Calibration

27 AVL M.O.V.E for RDE-LDV New system for External mounting Gaseous Emission Analyzer w/ tailpipe sampling Wheather station Trailer hitch required Weight: 55 kg Use OBD Channels: Coolant Temp. Engine Speed Vehicle Speed Fuel rate/ Mass Air Flow Engine Torque Karsten Mathies

28 Now into the workshop.. Xtension Box System Control EFM Control GAS PEMS Power Control PEMS with FID 28

29 GAS PEMS 2.0 PEMS 2.0 without FID; Depending vehicle application: Battery and System Control in trunk

30 GAS PEMS 2.0 AVL M.O.V.E GAS PEMS is System Overview 1. AVL GAS PEMS is 2. Outer cover 3. Central Power Distribution (E-Box) 4. Battery 5. Tow bar carrier 6. e-cal is (external calibration unit) 9 7. Heated Sampling Line 8. Heated filter integrated in heated line 9. Tow bar provided by the customer

31 PM PEMS New 2013 JRC PM PEMS Appendix Proposal published Proposal for performance, design and calibration requirements based on JRC scientific study Combination instrument of a gravimetric module to sample particulate matter on 47 mm diameter filter media with a realtime particle instrument ( e.g.: micro soot sensor ) Proportional sample flow required, with heated sample line and min. 45 cm/sec filter face velocity Pilot programme with truck PEMS campaigns later Application with truck first, later for NRMM as well More: over Internet search engine: JRC Report, 60064, and

32 PEMS at TÜV Hessen: RDE LDV 32

33 GPS - Weatherstation 33

34 Typical PEMS Installation 34

35 Test for Conformity of Lights with PEMS 35

36 PEMS: Cable Routing: Use of Stock Opening 36

37 Exhaust Flow Meter & Fabricated Parts 37

38 Installation Exhaust Flowmeter: for certification Without OBD channels mass air flow and fuel rate

39 PEMS Application 39

40 New EFM System: AVL EFM and Control Box in Subcarrier

41 New EFM System: AVL EFM and Control Box in Subcarrier

42 EFM vs. Exhaust flow ECU 42

43 Process RDE (PEMS) Operations Vehicle operation: under daytime traffic conditions; urban followed by rural and motorway driving; 34/33/33 %+-10% split; > 16 km each and city >29% Trip duration: minutes Vehicle speed: < 145 km/h ; max 160 km/h for 3% of Motorway Ambient temperatures: 0 C to 30 C moderate -7 0 C and C extended Altitude: < 700 m / < 1300 m extended Source: AVL, Deutschland Payload: realistic, no empty vehicle, e.g. 2 persons, up to 90% Air condition and auxiliary systems are activated

44 Uhrzeit 08:00 Daily premeeting with customer / vehicle changes 08:30 Pretest 1 09:00 RDE Drive1 09:30 10:00 10:30 11:00 Post test 1 ; Camera data / Pems data readout 11:30 Battery change 12:00 Data Processing Lunch The RDE-Day for Development projects PEMS installed 13:00 Pretest 2: Cutomer short briefing - changes 13:30 RDE Fahrt 2 /Drive 2 14:00 14:30 15:00 15:30 Post Test 2 16:00 Camera data / Pems data readout 16:30 Vehicle Fueling- Data Processing 17:00 Daily Reporting 17:30

45 New requirement: RDE not from home base Start/End of RDE route at one hour away from home More batteries or generator required to transport hot Pems to start point Transport Calilbration gas to start/end point with transporter

46 Long Range PEMS: Step 2 Pems and Generator (smaller) on Trailer Hitch Carrier Additional 3rd Battery

47 PEMS Vehicle on CDY in WLTP Vehicle fixing vs. EFM Mounting Correlation PEMS vs. CVS

48 PEMS Correlation in WLTP: TÜV SÜD CZ

49 Quick Installation of Pems in Chassis Dyno

50 Experience: PEMS Correlation with EFM on Chassis Dyno

51 Correlation PEMS vs. CVS on CDY: For TÜV a MUST On Basis NEDC / WLTP GTR 15 Define Calculation method for street pems tests Analyse Tolerances of: Driven distance from OBD Exhaust flow from EFM Exhaust Flow from OBD: MAF or fuelrate Pick Method for exhaust flow determination for street tests

52 TÜV PEMS GUIDANCE General PEMS Driving: Speed limit following: GPS System programmed for audible beep beep warning programmed, in city mostly followed, in the sense of real driving, somewhat annoying but necessary Route guidance: route programmed fully into Garmin Nüvi routing for minimizing errors Film: GoPro Hero inside / outside vehicle Navigator and Camera run from 12V vehicle socket Obtain special approval from TÜV/ local state to run modified vehicle legally in street traffic 52

53 PEMS ROUTE NAVIGATION We use routing capable navigation system with route programmed to assist driver 53

54 Process RDE (PEMS) TÜV Hessen PEMS Extended ROUTE Given our local situation: city and highway have same character, but rural part can be curvy with hills or not: different rural parts driven Total driving time: Minimum 1,5 hours maximum 2 Our preference: 100km 1 hrs 45 Minutes

55 TÜV Technische Überwachung Hessen GmbH TÜV

56 Zero-, Span and FID Fuel gas Use a gas cart for 3 gas bottles in PEMS workshop, or supply lines from Gas storage room Use 2 Span gases: Gas mixture of CO, CO 2, NO, THC NO 2 We recommend using Zero-gas not ambient air, for low emission cars, to avoid negative emission results FID Fuel gas: Carry a proper fire extinguisher ( with certificate for dangerous goods ) in case of using FID fuel gas or Feuerlöschspray fire extinguishing spray for vehicle application 56

57 Overview PEMS activities forreal Driving Emissions from Intruduction Pems 2.0: AVL M.O.V.E PEMS is Less weight Quick installation More effective Calibration Pre- and Posttest Dearborn OBD New Data Evaluation Tools Updates More Effective Data Evaluation in spite of two methods First Tests PN-PEMS WLTP GTR 15 Process improvements for Correlation PEMS vehicle on CDY

58 + easier handling and installation + less weight + less electrical power consumption + quicker battery charge + automatic calibration + less errors in calibration + less wiring See Fog Lamp

59 PN PEMS add-on for PEMS is 59

60 Summary and Outlook RDE PEMS measurements gained significant progress in the recent year: all items for RDE are visible, process is usable and provides the possibility to study, what is required for future powertrain systems We are open for : Exchange PEMS experience and ideas We offer: Help for Your PEMS projects In summary, PEMS measurements will soon be the focal point for regulatory emission testing, and new engine development target setting. This shift we see as a big step forwards towards improving air quality.

61 TÜV Hessen PEMS Workshop AQM 2016 Part 1 Discussions are welcome Thank you for your attention Contact: Dr. Christof Gietzelt christof.gietzelt@tuevhessen.de Karsten Mathies karsten.mathies@tuevhessen.de Karsten Mathies