glass made for the sun

Transkript

1 glass made for the sun SOLAR MEETS GLASS 4th Industry Summit for Markets, Costs and Technology October 2014, Düsseldorf Thomas Keyser, f solar GmbH

2 Abstract A view on PV-market from the glass industry perspective 1. Company introduction 2. Global flat glass market 3. Global solar glass market (PV) 4. Glass meets Solar, approaches: AR coating 2 mm heat strengthened glass (TVG) with abz 0,85 mm thin chemically hardened glass Ultra Light Weight PV-Modules Reduction of optical losses in solar modules in order to maximize the total yield

3 Fully integrated factory The new standard for thin solar glass processing: Industrial, quality-oriented float glass production from one source

4 Company facts Joint Venture of AGC Interpane and Scheuten Start float glass production in Sept Capacity float line ~ 700 t / d Capacity low-iron-float ~ 22 Mio. m² Capacity glass coating ~ 10 Mio. m² p.a. Capacity glass processing ~ 4,5 Mio. m² p.a. 2 mm to 12 mm ARC low-iron-float available Antimony free low-iron-float glass

5 Global flat glass market 2013 Flat Glass Automotive Glass No.1 No.1 No.1 No.1 No.4 No.4 : : 当 社 AGC AGC Group サンコ ハ ン + セントラル 硝 子 Saint-Gobain + Central Glass + Central Glass 日 Nippon 本 板 硝 Sheet 子 グループ Glass Group Nippon Sheet Glass Group Guardian ガーディアン Guardian *Exclude China 65% No.1 No.1 No.1 : AGC Group Saint-Gobain + Central Glass Nippon Sheet Glass Group 65% Glass Substrate for TFT-LCD No.1 Corning No.2 AGC Group No.3 Nippon Electric Glass : Source: AGC, FY2013 company estimates

6 Global solar glass market Global solar glass supply 2013 (w/o Solar Thermal, CSP) Assumption: Share wafer based PV Module: 90% Share thin film PV Module: 10% Typical W / m² µ-si: 150 Typical W / m² thin film: 115 Sources: AGC, Overview of Flat Glass Industry Supply & Demand 2013 IEA PVPS TRENDS 2014 IN PHOTOVOLTAIC APPLICATIONS / Report IEA-PVPS T1-25:2014

7 Ongoing over capacity Global production capacity of solar glass is significantly higher than the global demand EU Commission imposed definitive anti-dumping and countervailing duties on imports of solar glass originating in China EU solar glass manufacturers are in ongoing difficulties: Among other things, the AGC Group shut down its Roux plant, specialized in producing patterned glass for photovoltaic panels, as this activity has been consistently loss-making European manufacturer of patterned glass almost exclusively provide glass for wafer-based PV modules Low-iron-float-glass offers a wider range of applications in the solar- as well as non solar business segment Float glass manufactures are less affected by the volatility of the EU PV market

8 Glass meets Solar Approaches: AR coating Higher power output (Wp) and higher energy yield (kw/h per kw/p) 2 mm ARC thin low-iron-glass Optimally suited for use in glass-glass PV modules of the latest generation 0,85 mm thin chemically hardened glass Ultra Light Weight PV-Modules reduces the weight load on the building Reduction of optical cell-to-module losses Consistent and systematic exploitation of the entire module potential to increase module efficiency

9 Mono-broadband-ARC Source: Interpane f solarfloat HT Made under purest vacuum conditions nano porous part barriere surface SiOx Glass Uniform, robust and durable Outstanding processability > 9m m² in the field ~ 4% increase in yield (kw/h per kw/p) Available on 2 mm thick glass Long-life, robust λ/4-layer with adjusted index of refraction and thickness Energy transmittance T e,pv ~ 94 % on the basis of 2 mm glass

10 2x 2 mm Glass-Glass-Modules According to experts, at least 50% of all wafer based PV-modules will be 2x 2 mm Glass-Glass-Modules within the next years Source: Kuraray Europe Source: Solar World AG AEG SOLAR 1984: First Glass-Glass-PV-Module Based on 2x 2 mm glass Solar World AG 2014: Sunmodule Protect Based on 2x 2 mm glass

11 World premiere for 2 mm glass 2 mm heat strengthened glass (TVG) with general technical approval abz awarded by the DiBt in Berlin From mass production Float glass process for consistently high quality Manufacturing tolerance of 2 mm ± 0.05 mm Typical bending tensile strength of 120 N/mm² Outstanding flatness White or black ceramic print on back glass

12 Bending tensile strength of 2 mm glass Source: Fraunhofer CSP No cracks, no damage, no power loss EL-measurement post impact 2x 2,0 mm f solarfloat HT 2x 0,5 mm PVB folie Pre-stressing quality of glass impacts the stiffness of the laminate Pre-stressing quality is subject to the glass substrate

13 Ultra thin glass Leoflex made by AGC Ultra thin 0,85 mm chemically hardened glass for ultra-lightweight solar modules Source: AGC Source: AGC 3,2 mm PV glass, 54 PV cells Leoflex 54 PV cells Weight of 0,85 mm glass is just 2,1 kg / m² Weight reduction of more than 70 % compared to 3,2 mm solar glass Good for glass-foil or glass-glass solar modules

14 Ultra-lightweight PV modules Source: AGC Weight of Lightjoule PV-module (54 cell type) is just 9,5 kg Weight reduction of nearly 50% compared to conventional solar panel Can be installed on rooftops with loading weight restrictions without reinforcement work A larger number of panels can be installed Elastic, can be flexibly applied to the various shape of buildings

15 Innovative high performance module The goal of the 3 companies was to reduce optical losses in solar modules in order to maximize the total yield Solar front glass 2 mm low-iron-float-glass with an AR-coating. 2 mm f solarfloat HT provides an energy transmittance T e,pv of ~94 %. Encapsulation films Front: PVB encapsulation TROSIFOL SOLAR UV + with an optimized UV transmittance. Back: Its pronounced whiteness of PVB encapsulation TROSIFOL R40 ULTRA WHITE strongly reflects the light over a broad wavelength range. LHS connector The precisely structured surface of the silver-clad ribbon light harvesting string of type LHS SELECT by Schlenk directs the sunlight to the air/glass boundary layer at a precisely defined angle, resulting in "total internal reflection" (TIR). The smooth surface of the float glass, which does not scatter light, works especially well here. Quelle: Fraunhofer CSP Monocrystalline PV-cells with selective emitter technology

16 Reduction of optical losses Fraunhofer CSP develops an innovative test for qualifying optical losses. Summary of calculated values of the optical losses and estimated current density for the module series baseline, antireflective coating (ARC), thin glass (TG) and polyvinylbutyral (PVB) at AM 1.5 sun radiation. we have shown with optical calculations and electrical measurements that the combined benefit of ARC, TG, PVB UV+, and LHS in combination with SE solar cells exceeds 5%rel. in short circuit current and efficiency. Absolute gain of ~1% in efficiency Reduction of all optical losses by 40% Source: Prog. Photovolt: Res. Appl. 2014; 22:

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18 Thank you glass made for the sun Hall 10 / G40 f solar GmbH t +49 (0) f +49 (0) [email protected]