The Rhine Basin- Objectives and future tasks. Peter Fuhrmann & Joachim Bley, Ministry of Environment, Climate Protection and the Energy Sector

Transkript

1 The Rhine Basin- Objectives and future tasks Peter Fuhrmann & Joachim Bley, Ministry of Environment, Climate Protection and the Energy Sector

2 The Rhine river basin The Rhine = 3rd biggest European river km² Folie 2

3 Inhabitants 58 Mio. The Rhine river basin Coblence CIPR Drinking water for 30 million people Main stream 1230 km Navigable 825 km from Basel/ Rheinfelden Rotterdam 9 states Italy, Austria, Liechtenstein, Switzerland, France, Germany, Belgium, Luxemburg, the Netherlands &: European Union Folie 3

4 1. Nov (Schweizerhalle - CH) : Sandoz accident Fire, t pesticides flowed into the Rhine it caused the death of all aquatic life downstream 12. Nov. 1986: The Rhine ministers unanimously adopted the Rhine Action Programme to save the ecosystem Folie 4

5 Rhine Action Programme ( ) Guarantee drinking water Reduce contamination 60 Priority substances : reduction by % ( ) e. g. cadmium, lead, mercury, dioxines BASF Ludwigshafen Construction of basins collecting fire extinction water Warning and alert systems Folie 5

6 Folie 6 Warning and alert plan Rhine

7 Folie 7 Results of the Rhine Action Programme: Oxygen and invertebrates

8 Results of the Rhine Action Programme: Monitoring of water quality Folie 8

9 Salmon an impossible target? Reintroduction of the vanished Atlantic salmon ( 1958) into the Rhine Folie 9

10 Programme Rhine 2020: Salmon 2020 Until 2009: salmons have returned to the Rhine Folie : A population of salmon will migrate into the Rhine each year

11 Rhine Action Programme: overall result strong improvement of water quality From a sewer into a living river! Folie 11

12 Integrated management of the Rhine river basin and european directives ICPR: Programme Rhine 2020 not legally binding Surface water quality Surface water quantity Ecology Groundwater quality and quantity 2000: EU Water Framework Directive (WFD) legally binding - Coordination unit: river basin Target: good status of rivers (Chemical, biological (MZB, Macrophytes, Phytoplancton, Fish)) 2007: EU Directive on the assessment and management of floods (FD) - Coordination unit: river basin Folie 12

13 Folie 13 Organisation ICPR: Structure of the co-operation

14 WFD Monitoring Results Macrozoobenthos Makrophytes Fishfauna Folie 14

15 WFD - New Challenges WFD 2000: EU- Water Framework Directive- from water quality to basin-wide ecological river quality Hydromorhology Fish life!!! (ecological flow, river structure, river continuity, connection of the breeding grounds to the main river Hydropower, Water extraction) Diffuse pollution (Pesticides, P, PAH) Diffuse pollution (N) Groundwater thermal load of the Rhine-River (Rhine model) Folie 15

16 Main Challenges WFD 2000: EU- Water framework directive- from water quality to ecological river quality Hydromorhology Fish life!!! (ecological flow, river structure, river continuity, connection of the breeding grounds to the main river Hydropower, Water extraction) Folie 16

17 Masterplan for fish-migration in the Rhine-River Example: Salmon & sea trout Source: ICPR Folie 17

18 Salmon Programme Rivers - Upper Rhine Planning Folie 18

19 Hydromorphology river continuity Example: Kinzig/Schutter catchment Folie 20

20 Folie 21

21 Main Challenges WFD 2000: EU- Water framework directive- from water quality to ecological river quality Hydromorphology Fish life!!! (ecological flow, river structure, river continuity, connection of the breeding grounds to the main river Hydropower, Water extraction) Diffuse pollution (Pesticides, P, PAH) Diffuse pollution (N) Groundwater thermal load of the Rhine-River (Rhine model) Folie 22

22 Chemical Status Rivers Isoproturon Mecoprop Pesticides MCPA Bentazon Folie 23

23 AgroEnvironmental Programme Baden-Wuerttemberg MEKA, SchALVO (107 Mio. per year) By choice water protection measures everywhere environmental friendly deployment of liquid manure (towing pipe) 1 Point = 10 /ha*a No ploughing up of grassland- no herbicides 2 No use of chemical- synthetical pesticides and fertilizers Perennial crops to be planted after harvest of plants with high nitrogen-rests in field Soil covering with plants in permanent crops (100%, 70%, 40%) at 100% Mulch seeding technique 6 Folie 24 source: Berrer MLR

24 Solving nutrient problems in intensively used rivers- The Neckar example P Length: 367 km Navigation, impounded: 203 km 5 Mio people in catchment, HMWB high P- sensitivity Pegel: MNQ[m³/sek] MQ [m³/sek] HQ 100 [m³/sek] Plochingen 10,8 46, Mannheim Folie 25

25 Status Waste Water Treatment in Baden-Württemberg > 99 % of the population is connected to a sewer system / waste water plant wastewater treatment plants : 990 all comply with 91/271 public sewers ca kilometers 94 % storm water treatment installations :ca Total investments up to now ~ 15 bn Euro, turnover ~ 1bn per year Folie 26

26 P- reduction measures in Baden- Wuerttemberg no measures (36%) (o-po4-p LAWA-Orientierungswert) measures to be checked (55%) measures necessary (9%) Folie 27

27 Example Phosphorus Neckar Neckar: 0,13-0,17 mg o-po 4 -P/L o-po 4 -P Input: ca. 50% from municipal wastewater treatment plants (485 t o-po 4 -P/a) WFD status: moderate Objectives in BW: 0,2 mg o-po 4 -P/L in free flowing rivers, but contribution to Neckar?! 0,1 mg o-po 4 -P/L in impounded (HMWB) Neckar between Plochingen und Mannheim necessary reduction : 485 t o-po 4 -P/a Questions : Reduction of P- load by reducing soil P- contents? Folie 28 Possible reduction of P-load by improvement of WWTP (> 91/271)?

28 Grundwasser /Interflow Drainage Erosion Abschwemm. Atmosph. Deposition Urb. Flächen Kommunale Kläranlagen Dezentrale Abwasserbeh. Industrielle Direkteinleiter Grundwasser /Interflow Drainage Erosion Abschwemm. Atmosph. Deposition Urb. Flächen Kommunale Kläranlagen Dezentrale Abwasserbeh. Industrielle Direkteinleiter Moneris- Neckar EG Phosphoreinträge in BG Neckar [t P/a] MONERIS-BW, Stand Juni 2008 Mittlere hydrologische Verhältnisse und Abwassersituation ,2% 1,2% 23,6% 13,7% 0,1% 9,7% 42,1% 1,4% 1,0% 11,9% 1,9% 2,8% Phosphateinträge in BG Neckar 958 [t PO 4-P/a] MONERIS-BW, Stand Juni 2008 Mittlere hydrologische Verhältnisse und Abwassersituation ,7% 0,1% 9,7% 48,7% 1,4% 0,8% Folie 29

29 P-Input reduction into Neckar by reducing soil P- contents Frachten des pflanzenverfügbaren Anteils von Pges Derzeitige Situation Grundwasse r einschl. Interflow Drainage n Erosion Abschwem - mung Depositio n (auf Wasser) Urbane Flächen Kommunal e Sammel- Kläranlage n (2006) Dezentrale Abwasserbehandlun g Industrielle Direkteinleite r (2002) Gesamt Neckar- Einzugsgebie t 113,8 t/a 18,3 t/a 26,7 t/a 217,7 t/a 0,9 t/a 92,7 t/a 467,1 t/a 13,3 t/a 7,6 t/a 958,2 t/a 12% 2% 3% 23% 0% 10% 49% 1% 1% 100% Folie 30 Frachten des pflanzenverfügbaren Anteils von Pges Szenarium: Obergrenze für die Bodengehalte von P 2 O 5 auf Ackerflächen = 24 mg/100g Grundwasse r einschl. Interflow Drainage n Erosion Abschwem - mung Depositio n (auf Wasser) Urbane Flächen Kommunal e Sammel- Kläranlage n (2006) Dezentrale Abwasserbehandlun g Industrielle Direkteinleite r (2002) Gesamt Neckar- Einzugsgebie t 113,8 t/a 18,3 t/a 26,1 t/a 206,2 t/a 0,9 t/a 92,7 t/a 467,1 t/a 13,3 t/a 7,6 t/a 946,1 t/a 12% 2% 3% 22% 0% 10% 49% 1% 1% 100% Verminderung 0,6 t/a 11,5 t/a Frachten des pflanzenverfügbaren Anteils von Pges Szenarium: Obergrenze für die Bodengehalte von P 2 O 5 auf Ackerflächen = 18 mg/100g Grundwasse r einschl. Interflow Drainage n Erosion Abschwem - mung Depositio n (auf Wasser) Urbane Flächen Kommunal e Sammel- Kläranlage n (2006) Dezentrale Abwasserbehandlun g Industrielle Direkteinleite r (2002) Gesamt Neckar- Einzugsgebie t 113,8 t/a 18,3 t/a 24,4 t/a 174,3 t/a 0,9 t/a 103,1 t/a 467,1 t/a 16,7 t/a 7,6 t/a 926,2 t/a 12% 2% 3% 19% 0% 11% 50% 2% 1% 100% Verminderung 2,4 t/a 43,4 t/a Frachten des pflanzenverfügbaren Anteils von Pges Szenarium: Obergrenze für die Bodengehalte von P 2 O 5 auf Ackerflächen = 15 mg/100g Grundwasse r einschl. Interflow Drainage n Erosion Abschwem - mung Depositio n (auf Wasser) Urbane Flächen Kommunal e Sammel- Kläranlage n (2006) Dezentrale Abwasserbehandlun g Industrielle Direkteinleite r (2002) Gesamt Neckar- Einzugsgebie t 113,8 t/a 18,3 t/a 21,8 t/a 143,8 t/a 0,9 t/a 103,1 t/a 467,1 t/a 16,7 t/a 7,6 t/a 893,2 t/a 13% 2% 2% 16% 0% 12% 52% 2% 1% 100% Verminderung 4,9 t/a 73,9 t/a

30 Additional measures P -Neckar Objective: 0,1 mg o-po 4 -P/L in the water (at the moment 0,13 0,17) measures in whole catchment necessary optimization of P-elimination in WWTP (GK 3-5) by improved chemical P- precipitation by 2012 (WFD- Ordinance BW)) WWTP- specific definition of achievable values definition of additional measures in 2. WFD management plan 2015 (filtration) step by step approach Folie 31

31 Main Challenges WFD 2000: EU- Water framework directive- from water quality to ecological river quality Hydromorphology Fish life!!! (ecological flow, river structure, river continuity, connection of the breeding grounds to the main river Hydropower, Water extraction) Diffuse pollution (Pesticides, P, PAH) Diffuse pollution (N) Groundwater thermal load of the Rhine-River (Rhine model) Folie 32

32 Groundwater bodies at risk, Nitrate, Chloride 14 GWK at risk additional measures 8 GWKat risk standard measures individual characteristic description of measures! GWB at risk Chloride Folie 33

33 AgroEnvironmental Programme Baden-Württemberg (MEKA + SchALVO) By choice water protection measures everywhere environmental friendly deployment of liquid manure (towing pipe) 1 Point = 10 /ha*a No ploughing up of grassland- no herbicides 2 No use of chemical- synthetical pesticides and fertilizers Perennial crops to be planted after harvest of plants with high nitrogen-rests in field Soil covering with plants in permanent crops (100%, 70%, 40%) at 100% Mulch seeding technique 6 Folie 34 source: Berrer MLR

34 WFD - New Challenges WFD 2000: EU- Water Framework Directive- from water quality to basin-wide ecological river quality Hydromorhology Fish life!!! (ecological flow, river structure, river continuity, connection of the breeding grounds to the main river Hydropower, Water extraction) Diffuse pollution (Pesticides, P, PAH) Diffuse pollution (N) Groundwater thermal load of the Rhine-River (Rhine model) Folie 36

35 Temperatur in C Monitoring station Karlsruhe Karlsruhe 2003 Karlsruhe Folie 37

36 Temperatures in Rhine temperature development in hot summers due to heat load of Rhine River by power plants- improvement data base combination of existing temperature /heat load models along the Rhine prediction of temperature development concept of measures along the Rhine Folie 38

37 Other problems to adress (105/2008/EG) : Ubiquits PAH, Hg??? HCB Sediment management plan In discussion: Estrogenes Medicaments - Diclofenac - Sulfamethoxazol Folie 39

38 Thank you for your attention Folie 40