Joint KONARO project Farmstead biorefinery. Prof. Dr. Volker Sieber

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1 Joint KONARO project Farmstead biorefinery Prof. Dr. Volker Sieber

2 Farmstead biorefinery

3 Overview Concept of Farmstaed Biorefinery Work packages Presentation of selected work packages Outlook Summary 3

4 Biorefinery A biorefinery is a facility that integrates biomass conversion processes and equipment to produce fuels, power and chemicals from biomass American National Renewable Energy Laboratory Raw materials (biomass) Biomass pretreatment Decomposition Extraction biotechnological transformation Chemical transformation Commodity chemicals Fine chemicals Specialty chemicals 3

5 Concept of the farmstead Biorefinery 5

6 Concept of the farmstead Biorefinery 6

7 Substrate- & Product spectra Substrates Products veredelte Produkte 8

Work packages Prof. Dr. Volker Sieber Fachgebiet für Bioinformatik Prof. Dr. Dominik Heider bioinformatic analysis Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie und Mikroreaktionssysteme Prof. Dr. Olga Garcia Mancheño olefin conversion in microreactors Raw material supply Technologie- und Förderzentrum Dr.

Klaus Menrad delivery readiness fermentative olefin production Lehrstuhl für Chemie Biogener Rohstoffe Prof. Dr. Volker Sieber Recycling of residues olefin conversion Lehrstuhl Biogene Polymere Prof.

8 Work packages Prof. Dr. Volker Sieber Fachgebiet für Bioinformatik Prof. Dr. Dominik Heider bioinformatic analysis Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie und Mikroreaktionssysteme Prof. Dr. Olga Garcia Mancheño olefin conversion in microreactors Raw material supply Technologie- und Förderzentrum Dr. Bernhard Widmann biomass treatment Fachgebiet für Marketing und Management Biogener Rohstoffe Prof. Dr. Klaus Menrad delivery readiness fermentative olefin production Lehrstuhl für Chemie Biogener Rohstoffe Prof. Dr. Volker Sieber Recycling of residues olefin conversion Lehrstuhl Biogene Polymere Prof. Dr. Cordt Zollfrank Logistics & Handling Centrales-Agrar-Rohstoff- Marketing-Entwicklungs-Netzwerk Dipl.-Wi.-Ing. Edmund Langer Fachgebiet für Organische und Analytische Chemie Prof. Dr. Herbert Riepl

9 Process Flow Chart raw material grass silage separation Press juice fermentation Pretreatment + presscake hydrolysis main fermentation Product of the press juice fermentation (Organic polymer) main product (Olefins, gas) waste material (Lignin containing, solid) olefin conversion

10 Substrate grass silage EU Regulation: 1/5 of arable land to grassland No or little interference with food crops High annual production of biomass per hectare Simple logistics and storage Mostly Poaceae Low industrial use

11 Delivery readiness 70,00 65,24 Verwendung des Grünlandaufwuchses n=2.282 ( ) 60,00 50,00 52,12 Values in % 40,00 30,00 20,00 10,00 0,00 Milchvieh im eigenen Betrieb 15,15 12,38 Rindermast im eigenen Betrieb 6,63 3,97 Pferde im eigenen Betrieb,34,04 Wildtiere im eigenen Betrieb 2,022,31 Biogasanlage im eigenen Betrieb 6,28 4,69 Sonstige Nutzung im eigenen Betrieb 17,27 10,31 Verkauf an Dritte Dauergrünland Ackergrünland Verkauf je nach Preis Biomass supply Biomass decomposition Fermentation Products Valorization of residues

12 Process Flow Chart raw material grass silage separation Press juice fermentation Pretreatment + presscake hydrolysis main fermentation Product of the press juice fermentation (Organic polymer) main product (Olefins, gas) waste material (Lignin containing, solid) olefin conversion

Säuren 4% Xylan in Gerüstsubstanz 10% Glucan in Gerüstsubstanz 19% Asche 10% Aminosäuren (TKN)

13 Biomass treatment - silage dry matter Silage press juice Lignin in Gerüstsubstanz 16% Rest 5% Monosaccharide 4% Mannitol 4% Milchsäure 11% Arabinan, in Gerüstsubstanz 3% Weitere organische Säuren 4% Xylan in Gerüstsubstanz 10% Glucan in Gerüstsubstanz 19% Asche 10% Aminosäuren (TKN) 14% Dominik Schwarz Biomass supply Biomass decomposition Fermentation Products Valorization of residues

14 Biomassebehandlung Schwarz et al Biomass supply Biomass decomposition Fermentation Products Valorization of residues

15 Biomass decomposition Schwarz et al Biomass supply Biomass decomposition Fermentation Products Valorization of residues

16 Prozess Flowchart raw material grass silage separation Press juice fermentation Pretreatment + presscake hydrolysis main fermentation Product of the press juice fermentation (Organic polymer) main product (Olefins, gas) waste material (Lignin containing, solid) olefin conversion

Fermentation 30-180 C 1050 C Petroleum Naphtha Ethylen

Lactat Ethanol Ethylen aqueous 1 bar Ca.

17 Fermentation C 1050 C Petroleum Naphtha Ethylen (Olefine) solvents 200 bar High temperatures Glucose -H 2 / Lactat Ethanol Ethylen aqueous 1 bar Ca. 30 C Biomass supply Biomass decomposition Fermentation Products Valorization of residues

18 Fermentation ~30 Ethylen building organisms (ppm-bereich) Of ca. 500 tested organisms Biomass supply Biomass decomposition Fermentation Products Valorization of residues

19 Fermentation Biomasselieferung Biomasseaufschluss Fermentation Produktveredelung Reststoffverwertung

20 De-acidification of press juice Removal of lactate => Increase of ph Production of value added compound

21 De-acidification of press juice Pure lactic acid

22 De-acidification of press juice Enzyme immobilization, utilization of press juice => Utilization of residual sugars in fermentation made possible

23 Prozess Flowchart raw Rohstoff material grass Grassilage silage Separation separation Presssaft juice Fermentation fermentation Vorbehandlung+ Pretreatment + Presskuchen presscake hydrolysis Hydrolyse Hauptfermentation main Product of the press juice fermentation (Organic polymer) Hauptprodukt main product (Olefine,gasförmig) (Olefins, gas) waste material Reststoff (Lignin containing, (Lignin haltig, fest) solid) olefin Olefinkonversion conversion

24 Olefin Conversion Ethylen Lineare -Olefine n [Kat] n-1 Bio fuel Comonomers for production of PE (HDPE und LLDPE) Tensides Lubricants, plasticisers, etc. Biomass supply Biomass decomposition Fermentation Products Valorization of residues

25 Microreactor Mirkoreaktor-System Säulen Katalysatoren Biomass supply Biomasseaufschluss Fermentation Produktveredelung Products Reststoffverwertung Valorization decomposition residues

Prozess Flowchart raw material grass silage

fermentation (Organic polymer) main product

26 Prozess Flowchart raw material grass silage separation Press juice fermentation Pretreatment + presscake hydrolysis main fermentation Product of the press juice fermentation (Organic polymer) main product (Olefins, gas) waste material (Lignin containing, solid) olefin conversion

27 Residues Biomass supply Biomass decomposition Fermentation Products Valorization of residues

28 Economics Capacity: t/a Substrate (Grass silage) Ethylen Ethylencarbonat Ethylenoxid Investment (1st Plant) Running cost (p.a.) Personell and others (p.a.)

29 Summary Substrates are available, farmers are interested Flexibility on Substrate is important Mechanical processing supports enzymes Ethylene or Isoprene are possible intermediates Polymers and composit material as side product important for economics Decentralized vs. Centralized = Economy of scale vs. Economy of numbers

30 The Farmstead Biorefinery Team

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