Dr. - Ing. Martin Buchholz, Technische Universität Berlin, Watergy GmbH Berlin Closed Greenhouse Systems - A Source of Water, Energy and Food

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1 Closed Greenhouse Systems - A Source of Water, Energy and Food Dr.-Ing. Martin Buchholz TU-Berlin, Building Technology and Design CEO Watergy GmbH, Berlin

7 Watergy, a closed greenhouse with internal gravity driven air circulation

11 Exotherm Exotherm Endotherm Endotherm

12 Hygroscopic properties of different salt solutions 12

13 38 C 48 C hot warm cold 3 41 C C C 1

14 28 C 41 C hot with Dr. Amr Farouk Abdelkhaik from the academy of scientific research and 50 Ctechnology, on Saturday at 1:30pm C warm cold 40 C

17 UAE, Ministry of Environment and Water UN, Food and Agricultural Organisation

18 Desiccant Closed Greenhouse System, Al Dhaid / United Arabic Emirates

25 SALINE WATER (EVAPORATION ) DESICCANTS (WATER and HEAT UPTAKE) DAY/NIGHT HEAT STORAGE

26 Hygroscopic properties of different salt solutions 26

29 Applications including desalination Brackish water Sea water Condensed Water ( > 90%)

30 Applications including desalination Sea water Condensed water ( > 90%)

31 Applications including desalination Elimination of calcium minerals Concentration of the brine Na Cl Mg Cl Ka Cl

32 Coastal zones km² (Seawater based) Quatara Depression km² (Seawater based) Nile Valley: km² (Water Cycling, Brackish groundwater)

34 Greenhouses Greenhouses Greenhouses Greenhouses Greenhouses Greenhouses

35 Greenhouses Greenhouses Greenhouses Greenhouses Greenhouses Greenhouses

37 Separation of Sodium and Chloride, using the state of art electrolytic chloralkali-process, with hydrogen as a by-product.

38 Connection between channels: - Water wheels - Sluices fór shipping Channel on seawater level

39 Greenhouse Areas Dr. - Ing. Martin Buchholz, Technische Universität Berlin, Watergy GmbH Berlin Urbanised coastal zone

40 Closed Greenhouse production system food and non-food crop increased CO2 level recycles Water at ~80% recovery uses seawater and/or treated waste water for compensation of 20% lost water salt from seawater is concentrated in the greenhouse, brine is led to outside evaporation ponds CO2 supply by integrated production of mushroom and tempe, microbial further processing of fibre crops

41 Urban supply Condensed water is used for drinking, cooking and hygiene purposes (~10-15 litres / d * person) Food supply (fresh fruits and vegetables, maize, soya, tempe, mushrooms) Urban waste processing Treated grey water to irrigation water Agricultural green waste and urban wet biowaste for biogas and follow up composting Agricultural waste, organic substrate waste and urban lignocellulosic waste for charcoal production Compost and charcoal and sand for new substrates

42 Urban construction Greenhouse born bamboo and fibre crops as main source of organic construction material for new greenhouses PVC and sodium silicate from sand and sea salt production provides main additional source for water- and air-proofing PVC in organic and mineral composites Glas from sodium hydroxide, sand, solar energy Follow up industries Light weight buildings Evaporative coolers Textiles Wind- and hydropower generators.

45 Bamboo - Selfgrowing Greenhouse

46 Water Recycling Applications

47 Water Recycling Applications

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