Rolle und Aktivitäten der ICRP und von UNSCEAR

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1 Rolle und Aktivitäten der ICRP und von UNSCEAR Wolfgang Weiss, Oberschleißheim oder wie eine UN-Organisation die deutsche Gesetzgebung beeinflusst

2 UNSCEAR: United Nation Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation

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5 ICRP: International Commission on Radiological Protection

6 ICRP Empfehlungen zum Strahlenschutz ICRP 103 formally replace the previous Recommendations issued in 1991 as Publication 60 (ICRP, 1991) and update the additional guidance on the control of exposure from radiation sources issued since Publication 60.

7 ICRP Empfehlungen zum Strahlenschutz in der Medizin ICRP, 1996a. Radiological protection in medicine. ICRP Publication 73. ICRP, 1997b. Protection from potential exposures: application to selected radiation sources. ICRP Publication 76. ICRP, 2000a. Pregnancy and medical radiation. ICRP Publication 84. ICRP, 2000b. Avoidance of radiation injuries from medical interventional procedures. ICRP Publication 85. ICRP, 2000c. Prevention of accidental exposures to patients undergoing radiation therapy. ICRP Publication 86. ICRP, 2000d. Managing patient dose in computed tomography. ICRP Publication 87. ICRP, 2001b. Radiation and your patient: A guide for medical practitioners. ICRP Supporting Guidance 2. ICRP, 2003a. Biological effects after prenatal irradiation (embryo and fetus). ICRP Publication 90. ICRP, 2004a. Managing patient dose in digital radiology. ICRP Publication 93. ICRP, 2004b. Release of patients after therapy with unsealed sources. ICRP Publication 94. ICRP, 2005b. Prevention of high-dose-rate brachytherapy accidents. ICRP Publication 97. ICRP, 2005c. Radiation safety aspects of brachytherapy for prostate cancer using permanently implanted sources. ICRP Publication 98.

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9 Neuere Erkenntnisse von UNSCEAR (2006) Diagnostische Strahlenexpositionen

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11 ICRP Empfehlung 103, 2007

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14 ICRP 103, Kap 7. MEDICAL EXPOSURE OF PATIENTS, COMFORTERS AND CARERS, AND VOLUNTEERS IN BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH Types of exposures: 1. The exposure of individuals for diagnostic, interventional, and therapeutic purposes, including exposure of the embryo/fetus or infant during medical exposure of patients who are pregnant or breast-feeding; 2. Exposures (other than occupational) incurred knowingly and willingly by individuals such as family and close friends helping either in hospital or at home in the support and comfort of patients undergoing diagnosis or treatment; 3. Exposures incurred by volunteers as part of a programme of biomedical research that provides no direct benefit to the volunteers.

15 7.1. Justification for medical procedures 7.2. Optimisation of protection in medical exposures 7.3. Effective dose in medical exposure 7.4. Exposure of patients who are pregnant 7.5. Accident prevention in external beam therapy and brachytherapy 7.6. Protection of carers and comforters of patients treated with radionuclides 7.7. Volunteers for biomedical research

16 ICRP 103, Table 8: Comparison of protection criteria 1990/2007, Medical exposures > no change Volunteers in biomedical research, if benefit to socienty is Minor: Intermediate: Moderate: Substantial: Comforters and carers: < 0.1 msv msv 1-10 msv > 10 msv 5 msv per episode

17 Ongoing an future work of ICRP in medicine Radiation dose to patients from radiopharmaceuticals Training and Authorisation for Users of Medical Radiation with Respect to Radiation Protection Radiation protection for cardiologists performing fluoroscopically guided procedures Second cancers after radiotherapy with modern r/t techniques

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20 MEDICAL EXPOSURE Responsibilities Application of the system for protection and safety: justification Application of the system for protection and safety: dose limitation Application of the system for protection and safety: optimization Unintended and accidental medical exposures Records

21 Vielen Dank für Ihre Aufmerksamkeit