Probing dark matter with strong gravitational lensing

Ähnliche Dokumente
Research Collection. Backward stochastic differential equations with super-quadratic growth. Doctoral Thesis. ETH Library. Author(s): Bao, Xiaobo

Interactive centerline finding in complex tubular structures

Dynamic Robot Architecture for Robust Realtime Computer Vision

Research Collection. Security econometrics The dynamics of (in)security. Doctoral Thesis. ETH Library. Author(s): Frei, Stefan. Publication Date: 2009

Globale Symmetrie von stochastischen Teilchenbewegungen mit lokal symmetrischer Interaktion

Stress-related problems in process simulation

Research Collection. Live 3D Reconstruction on Mobile Phones. Doctoral Thesis. ETH Library. Author(s): Tanskanen, Petri. Publication Date: 2016

Asymptotic properties of diffusions in random environment

Simulation of Power System Dynamics using Dynamic Phasor Models

Multiscale modeling and simulation of fullerenes in liquids

Research Collection. Human Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase preparation of the apo-protein. Calorimetriy and pulse radiolysis. Doctoral Thesis.

The Navier-Stokes equations on polygonal domains with mixed boundary conditions theory and approximation

Methods to assess and manage security in interconnected electrical power systems

Computer-gestützter Entwurf von absatzweise arbeitenden chemischen Mehrproduktanlagen

Application-specific processor for MIMO-OFDM software-defined radio

Research Collection. Real-time multi-object tracking. Doctoral Thesis. ETH Library. Author(s): Roth, Daniel Eugen. Publication Date: 2010

An analysis of three variants of forward guidance contracts

Research Collection. Control strategies for balancing of series and parallel connected IGBT/diode modules. Doctoral Thesis.

Algorithms for analyzing signals in DNA Applications to transcription and translation

Research Collection. Computational modeling of tumor growth. Doctoral Thesis. ETH Library. Author(s): Lloyd, Bryn Alexander. Publication Date: 2010

Test automation for database management systems and database applications

Key indicators in organizational health development individual and organizational variables for health-promoting change

Research Collection. Offset gate field effect transistors with high drain breakdown potential and low Miller feedback capacitance.

Quantitative IR-Laserchemie mono- und bichromophorer Fluorbutane Geschwindigkeitskonstanten, Isotopen-Trennung und Modenselektivität

Research Collection. Doctoral Thesis. ETH Library. Author(s): Bruderer Enzler, Heidi. Publication Date: 2015

Zeitschriften in der Krise Entwicklung und Zukunft elektronischer Zeitschriften

Integer Convex Minimization in Low Dimensions

Tackling OS Complexity with Declarative Techniques

Research Collection. Magnetism in 30 picoseconds and more. Doctoral Thesis. ETH Library. Author(s): Vaterlaus, Andreas. Publication Date: 1991

A dissertation submitted to ETH ZURICH. for the degree of Doctor of Sciences. presented by ALEXANDER SCHILLING Dipl. Masch.-Ing.

On the nature of pleiotropy and its role for adaptation

A study on computer-aided design of PIN-diode phase modulators at microwave frequencies

Binary adder architectures for cell-based VLSI and their synthesis

Immersive Environments: From Virtual Indoor Tours to Outdoor Modelling

Fmoc-kompatible Festphasensynthese von C-terminalen Peptid- Thioestern

Sterilisation von stückigen Lebensmitteln mit Mikrowellen

Research Collection. Zur Chemie der α-aminonitrile: γ,{delta}-dehydroleucin-nitril. Doctoral Thesis. ETH Library. Author(s): Buser, Hans-Peter

Research Collection. Doctoral Thesis. ETH Library. Author(s): Grundy, Anthony Nicholas. Publication Date: 2004

Research Collection. Constraint-based surface processing for geometric modeling and architecture. Doctoral Thesis. ETH Library

The measurement of the oxygenation status of the newborn infant

A communication Architecture for Telepresence in Virtual Environments

Research Collection. Doctoral Thesis. ETH Library. Author(s): Tschudi-Rein, Kathrin Ruth. Publication Date: 1988

Research Collection. Doctoral Thesis. ETH Library. Author(s): Tschirky, Hugo. Publication Date: 1979

Research Collection. The role of type I interferon signaling on T cells during acute viral infections. Doctoral Thesis.

Cationic Cell Penetrating Oligoprolines and the Effect of Preorganized Charge Display

Aerodynamics, modeling and control of an autonomous micro helicopter

Geometric Change Detection and Image Registration in Large Scale Urban Environments

Research Collection. Exploration of augmented reality technology for surgical training simulators. Doctoral Thesis. ETH Library

Efficient Design Space Exploration for Embedded Systems

On the List Update Problem

Perceptual Enhancements for Novel Displays

Research Collection. Security of quantum key distribution. Doctoral Thesis. ETH Library. Author(s): Renner, Renato. Publication Date: 2005

Don t disturb my Flows: Algorithms for Consistent Network Updates in Software Defined Networks

Design of adaptive structures with piezoelectric materials

Die ersten Sterne im Universum

Research Collection. Some aspects of the computional dynamics of colliding flows in astrophysical nebulae. Doctoral Thesis.

HPLC-Charakterisierung von Lektinen der Mistel (Viscum album L.) und Verbreitung der Pflanze in der Schweiz

Die Bedeutung neurowissenschaftlicher Erkenntnisse für die Werbung (German Edition)

Metabolic engineering of Vitamin B1 and Vitamin B6 in staple crops

Research Collection. Sunspot umbra atmospheres. Doctoral Thesis. ETH Library. Author(s): Wenzel, Richard. Publication Date: 2011

Shear band propagation in soils and dynamics of tsunamigenic landslides

The CMS ECAL Detector Control System and Jet Veto Systematics for the Higgs Boson Search

Polarization effects of the spectral thermal emission from ferromagnets

Role of Foxa2 Acetylation in Diabetes and Obesity in Vivo

Studien über die Bestimmung des ätherischen Oeles in Arzneidrogen und Gewürzen

Aus was besteht unser Universum?

Critical behavior of a trapped interacting Bose gas

DEFORMATION AND DUALITY FROM THE SYMPLECTIC POINT OF VIEW

Research Collection. Doctoral Thesis. ETH Library. Author(s): Greber, Basil Johannes. Publication Date: 2013

Research Collection. Essays on inflation expectation formation. Doctoral Thesis. ETH Library. Author(s): Maag, Thomas. Publication Date: 2010

Nicht-elementare untere Schranken in der Automaten-Theorie

Power Subsystem Design and Management for Solar Energy Harvesting Embedded Systems

Research Collection. Individual and social determinants of healthy eating: the role of people's nutrition knowledge and their regular eating networks

Risk aggregation, diversification and expert opinion theory and applications in finance and insurance

GIPSY: Ein Ansatz zum Entwurf integrierter Softwareentwicklungssysteme

The Riemann problem for two-dimensional gas dynamics and new limiters for high-order schemes

Cover Page. The handle holds various files of this Leiden University dissertation.

Research Collection. Loga-Rechenwalzen Modellverzeichnis und Preisliste. Report. ETH Library. Author(s): Bruderer, Herbert. Publication Date: 2014

Crystal structure of the eukaryotic 40S ribosomal subunit in complex with initiation factor 1

Characterization of the Endosomal Protein Vps13 as a suppressor of the ER-Mitochondria Encounter Structure

ANALYSIS AND SIMULATION OF DISTRIBUTION GRIDS WITH PHOTOVOLTAICS

DISS. ETH NO A thesis submitted to attain the degree of. DOCTOR OF SCIENCES of ETH ZURICH. (Dr. sc. ETH Zurich) presented by

Adoption und Diffusion neuer Technologien am Beispiel der Radiofrequenz-Identifikation (RFID)

Research Collection. Chirale Enolate. Doctoral Thesis. ETH Library. Author(s): Naef, Reto. Publication Date: 1983

Research Collection. Aerobic ethanol production with a flocculent yeast in a biomass recycling system. Doctoral Thesis.

Research Collection. Medical Risk Communication and Decision Making: Results of Eye Tracking Studies. Doctoral Thesis. ETH Library

Robust Indoor Positioning through Adaptive Collaborative Labeling of Location Fingerprints

Wie man heute die Liebe fürs Leben findet

FEM Isoparametric Concept

Customer-specific software for autonomous driving and driver assistance (ADAS)

Travel behaviour modelling for scenarios with exceptional events Methods and implementations

Ein Stern in dunkler Nacht Die schoensten Weihnachtsgeschichten. Click here if your download doesn"t start automatically

Adsorption-based Carbon Dioxide Capture From Multicomponent Gas Mixtures

Visual tracking for nanorobotic manipulation and 3D reconstruction in an electron microscope

Research Collection. Improving geometric calibration methods for multi-axis machining centers by examining error interdependencies effects

CNC ZUR STEUERUNG VON WERKZEUGMASCHINEN (GERMAN EDITION) BY TIM ROHR

Transkript:

Research Collection Doctoral Thesis Probing dark matter with strong gravitational lensing Author(s): Birrer, Simon Publication Date: 2016 Permanent Link: https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-a-010861709 Rights / License: In Copyright - Non-Commercial Use Permitted This page was generated automatically upon download from the ETH Zurich Research Collection. For more information please consult the Terms of use. ETH Library

DISS. ETH NO. 23966 PROBING DARK MATTER WITH STRONG GRAVITATIONAL LENSING A thesis submitted to attain the degree of DOCTOR OF SCIENCES of ETH ZURICH (Dr. sc. ETH Zurich) presented by SIMON BIRRER Master of Science in Physics ETH Zurich born on 3rd of February 1988 citizen of Ebikon LU and Luthern LU accepted on the recommendation of Prof. Dr. Alexandre Refregier Dr. Adam Amara Dr. Sherry Suyu 2016

Abstract The standard cosmological model is based on Einstein s theory of general relativity, dark matter, dark energy and inflation. To date, the physical origin of several of these ingredients remains a mystery. The aim of this thesis is to test this model by studying the nature of dark matter through its effects on small cosmological scales. As a first step, we construct a phenomenological description of the relationship between dark matter halos and the normal visible matter in galaxies. This is done by incorporating a prescription of baryonic physics into a dark matter merger tree. We then probe the physical properties of dark matter on sub-galactic scales using strong gravitational lensing. We develop a new method based on versatile basis sets to accurately model complex lensing and source structures. For the strong lens system RXJ1131-1231 this allows us to reconstruct a reliable high resolution image of the source. We also develop a new treatment of the mass-sheet degeneracy inherent in gravitational lensing. We use this to revisit the estimate of the Hubble constant from time-delay strong lensing. We find that the Hubble parameter H 0 estimate of the lens system RXJ1131-1231 is strongly sensitive to the dynamical model and the source scale prior and that it is consistent with current cosmic microwave background experiments. Refining our model further, we develop a new approximation scheme that enables an effective treatment of line-of-sight structures. This allows us to further constrain the connection between dark and visible matter. In addition, it yields constraints on the external shear around strong lensing system to sub-percent level precision. To probe the small scale structure formation and the nature of dark matter, we analyze the substructure content of strong lenses statistically through extensive forward modeling. We find that the abundance of substructure in the strong lens RXJ1131-1231 is consistent with a cold dark matter particle scenario. A lower bound on the free streaming mass of a possible dark matter particle can be set to about 2keV. The precision gain by these new techniques and results shed new light on the distribution of dark matter, its physical nature and its relation to visible matter. These results, combined with the upcoming high resolution instruments, offer great prospects for the high-precision study of dark matter and other sectors of the standard cosmological model with strong lensing. i

Zusammenfassung Das Standardmodel der Kosmologie basiert auf Einsteins Allgemeiner Relativitätstheory, Dunkler Materie, Dunkler Energie und der Inflation. Bis heute bleibt die physikalische Natur mehrerer dieser Bestandteile ein Rätsel. Das Ziel dieser Doktorarbeit ist es, dieses Modell mit Hilfe des starken Gravitationslinseneffekts auf kleinen kosmologischen Skalen zu testen. In einem ersten Schritt erstellen wir eine phänomenologische Beziehung zwischen Dunkler Materie und der sichtbaren Materie in Galaxien. Dies wird durch das Zusammenfügen von Rezepten zur Beschreibung von baryonischer Physik und der hierarchischen Strukturbildung von Dunkler Materie realisiert. Wir testen dann die physikalischen Eigenschaften von Dunkler Materie in Sub-galaktischen Skalen mittels dem starken Gravitationslinseneffekt. Wir entwickeln eine neue Methode basierend auf vielseitigen Basisfunktionen zum akkuraten modellieren von komplexen Linsen und Quellenstrukturen. Für die Linse RXJ1131-1231 erlaubt uns dies eine verlässliche, hochauflösende Rekonstruktion der Quelle. Wir entwickeln auch ein neues Verfahren für die Mass-sheet Degeneration. Wir benutzen dieses zur Reanalyse der Messung der Hubble Konstante basierend auf Zeitverzögerungsmessungen in Gravitationslinsen. Wir finden, dass die Schätzung des Hubble Parameters H 0 für die Linse RXJ1131-1231 stark vom dynamischen Modell der Linse und vom Prior der Lengenskalen in der Quelle abhängt und dass die Messung mit den neuesten Experimente der Kosmischen Hintergrundstrahlung überein stimmt. Weiter entwickeln wir eine neues Approximationsverfahren das eine effektive Beschreibung von zusätzlichen Effekten entlang des Lichtweges. Dies erlaubt uns weitere Einblicke in die Beziehung zwischen sichtbarer und unsichtbarer Masse. Zusätzlich führt dies zu einer Bestimmung des Scherungseffekts mit sub-prozent Genauigkeit. Für die Erforschung der Strukturbildung auf kleinen Skalen und der Dunklen Materie analysieren wir die Substruktur in Gravitationslinsen in einem statistischen Verfahren basiert auf extensiven Simulationen. Wir finden, dass die Häufigkeit von Substrukturen in der Linse RXJ1131-1231 konsistent mit dem Scenario der kalten Dunklematerieteilchen ist. Wir können eine untere Schranke auf die freie Ausbreitungslänge und der assoziierten Masse eines Teilchens mit 2keV angeben. iii

Der Gewinn an Präzission mit den neuen Verfahren und denen daraus hervorgehenden Resultate haben neue Erkenntnisse in die Verteilung von Dunkler Materie, deren Natur und der Beziehung zu der sichtbaren Materie hervorgebracht. Diese Resultate, in Kombination mit den kommenden hoch auflösbaren Instrumenten, ermöglichen gute Aussichten für sehr präzise Studien der Dunklen Materie und anderen Gebiete des Standard Models der Kosmologie mit dem starken Gravitationslinseneffekt. iv