Modelling soil greenhouse gas exchange of terrestrial ecosystems and upscaling procedures

Transkript

1 Modelling soil greenhouse gas exchange of terrestrial ecosystems and upscaling procedures Ralf Kiese, Christian Werner, Edwin Haas, Klaus Butterbach-Bahl, Youngsun Kim, Hojeong Kang IMK-IFU Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Bayreuth April 11-14, 21

2 Biosphere as sink and source for atmospheric GHGs CO 2 GWP 1 CO 2 GWP 31 anthropogenic N 2 O biogenic Photosynthesis 3% 6-7% N 2 O Land use change GWP 21 CH 4 6-7% arable, grassland- and forest soils Respiration CH 4 Mineralisation Nitrification Denitrification CH 4 -Oxidation Methanogenesis Rice paddies, wetlands, ruminants Bayreuth April 11-14, 21

3 Integrated interdisciplinary research concept at IMK-IFU N 2 O-Emission rate [µg N kg -1 SDW d -1 ] Bellenden Ker Pin Gin Hill Kauri Creek process Prozess-Skale scale Temperature [ C] T_MAX - temp[l] fact_temp [l] = ( ) T_MAX - T_OPT fact_moist [l] = 1-1+ e T_A *e temp[l]-t_opt T_A * T_MAX-T_OPT 1 water[l]-w_crit W_DELTA d nitr_akt[l] temp_moist_fact = MUEMAX *( - nitr_akt[l]) d t KM_DOC + DOC[l] KM_N + n[l] + DOC[l] n[l] process based model N 2 O Emission [g N ha -1 day -1 ] N 2 O Emission [g N ha -1 day -1 ] Bellenden Ker, lowland rainforest, Australia Simulation 4 Field observation Nov 1 Nov 1 Jan 1 Mar 1 May 1 Jul 1 Sep 22 1 La Selva, lowland rainforest, Costa Rica 9 Simulation (daily) 8 Simulation (monthly) Field observation (monthly) Oct 1 Dec 1 Feb 1 Apr 1 Jun 1 Aug 1 Oct plot scale N 2 O Emission [g N ha -1 day -1 ] N 2 O Emission [g N m -2 month -1 ] 6 Kauri Creek, montane rainforest, Australia Simulation Field observation Jan 7 Feb 13 Nov 23 Nov 3 Dec 13 Dec 2 Guacimo, lowland rainforest, Costa Rica 6 Simulation (daily) Simulation (monthly) Field observation (monthly) Jan 1 Jan 1 Mar 1 May 1 Jul 1 Sep 1 Nov 1992 parameterisation calibration/ testing Climate Vegetation Soil properties GIS regional/ Regionale global Skale scale Bayreuth April 11-14, 21

4 Model Framework: Mobile-DNDC Bayreuth April 11-14, 21

5 Scheme: Mobile-DNDC Bayreuth April 11-14, 21

6 Input: Mobile-DNDC daily: Min-Max- Airtemperature Precipitation Global radiation rel. Humidity wind speed Atmospheric CO 2 conc. N-Deposition Number thickness of soil layers: soil type e.g. scl, L, S texture (sand, silt, clay in %) bulk density soil hydraulic conductivity field capacity wilting point Total organic C Total organic N ph depth of groundwater table NO 3 Layer specific: forest- growth root biomass shoot biomass leaf biomass peak plant height mean/ max rooting depth root profile LAI relative species composition growth parameters leaf, wood, root C/N ratio PnETthinning PSIMcutting planting history fertilization tilling harvesting irrigation Bayreuth April 11-14, 21

7 GUI: Mobile-DNDC Bayreuth April 11-14, 21

8 Mobile-DNDC Forest Simulations 2 Höglwald Spruce Hyytiälä 2-3 N 2 O Emission (µg N m -2 h -1 ) 1 1 N 2 O Emission g N ha -1 day µg N 2 O-N m -2 h Manypeaks -6 Achenkirchen N 2 O Emission g N ha -1 day Oct 1 Nov 1 Dec 1 Jan 1 Feb 1 Mar 1 Apr 1 May 1 Jun 1 Jul 1 Aug Bayreuth April 11-14, 21

9 Mobile-DNDC Forest Simulations N 2 O emissions NO emissions Simulated average daily N 2 O emission (g N ha -1 d -1 ) f(x) =.76x n = 4 R 2 =.68 P < Average daily N 2 O emission as derived from field measurements (g N ha -1 d -1 ) Simulated average daily NO emission (g N ha -1 d -1 ) f(x) =.73x n = 26 R 2 =.78 P < Average daily NO emission as derived from field measurements (g N ha -1 d -1 ) Bayreuth April 11-14, 21

10 Mobile-DNDC Arable Simulations Long-term experiment at.4 C4-CC 2 C4-CC Foulum Western-Denmark Daily soil N2O fluxes (g N m - 2 d -1 ) O4-CC O4+CC Cumulative N2O emissions (kg N ha -1 ) O4-CC O4+CC O2+CC Measured O2+CC SE of measured Measured MOBILE. -.2 Oct-7 Feb-8 Jun-8 Date -1 Oct-7 Feb-8 Jun-8 Bayreuth April 11-14, 21

11 Mobile-DNDC Arable Simulations Long-term experiment at Foulum Western-Denmark C4-CC O4-CC C4-CC O4-CC C4-CC O4-CC Soil water content (%) O4+CC O2+CC Soil NH4-N (g N m - 2 ) O4+CC O2+CC Measured Soil NO3-N (g N m - 2 ) O4+CC O2+CC 2 1 Measured Oct-7 Feb-8 Jun-8 Date Oct-7 Feb-8 Jun-8 1 Oct-7 Feb-8 Jun-8 Date Bayreuth April 11-14, 21

12 Mobile-DNDC Arable Simulations Moulde 6-8 Oensingen N2O (sim) N2O (meas) 7 N2O-N (sim) N2O (meas) µg N2O-N m-2 h g N-N2O/ha/day Days 1 Days g N 2 O-N ha -1 day -1 Paulinenaue N2O-N N2O (meas) µg N2O-N m-2 h Gebesee N2O N2O FG/ KOSEF International Research Training Group Workshop TERRECO ayreuth April 11-14, 21

13 Mobile-DNDC Regional Application Approach Vegetation 2D Graph Climate Y Data 2 1 Temp NS Y Axis X Data Soil Administrative Units Nutzung DNDC- Feldfrucht organische Anbaufläche Summe [m 3 ] Klassifikation Wirtschaftsdünger [ha] [m 3 ha -1 ] Ackerland winter wheat Winterweizen 1, , ,66 rye Roggen 1, , ,8 barley Wintergerste 1, , ,1 rape Winterraps, 9.77,4, barley Sommergerste 1, 8.17, ,76 oats Hafer 1, 1.196, ,44 corn Körnermais, Corn- 1, 9.682, ,1 Cob-Mix, Silomais potatoes Kartoffeln früh, 1, 13.13, 196.2,61 mittelfrühe und späte beets Zuckerrüben,, 2.79,3, Runkelrüben legume hay Klee, Kleegras, 1, 46.73, ,74 Luzerne, Futtererbsen pasture Ackerwiese, 1, , ,33 Ackerweide vegetables Gemüse, Erdbeeren,.33,6, und andere Gartengewächse Grünland grasland Grasland 1, 73.12, ,61 pasture Weide 1, 66.6, ,64 non-legume hay Wiese, Mähwiese 1, 1.42, ,77 Summe 98., ,8 Mobile-DNDC Regional NO and N 2 O emission inventory for forest soils Bayreuth April 11-14, 21

14 N 2 O Emission Arables Germany fertilizer induced N 2 O emissions (%) 14 V. Name Organisationseinheit TT.MM.JJJJ

15 Nitrate leaching under forests Germany nitrate leaching study bavaria % contrbution FG/ KOSEF International Research Training Group Workshop TERRECO ayreuth April 11-14, 21

16 Nitrate leaching under forests Germany nitrate leaching study bavaria 7 6 Prozent [%] % contrbution > 1 NO Nitrataustrag [kg N ha -1 a -1 3 leaching [kg N ha -1 yr -1 ] ] Mellert et al., 2 FG/ KOSEF International Research Training Group Workshop TERRECO ayreuth April 11-14, 21

17 N 2 O Emission inventory Europe Climate change scenario 27 Change in N 2 O emission 6. % Bayreuth April 11-14, 21

18 Global N 2 O emissions inventory tropical forests frequency [1 3 simulations] N 2 O emission [kg N ha -1 yr -1 ] median Q1 Q3 +76.% -34.6% sampled grid cells 2 samples per grid: 2 x realisations: n = N 2 O emission [kg N ha -1 yr -1 ].9 - (1.3) 2.4 Tg N yr -1 Bayreuth April 11-14, 21

19 Bayesian Calibration of parameters in soil chemistry sub modul 19 V. Name Organisationseinheit TT.MM.JJJJ

20 Current work: Mobile2D: Regional scale ecosystem model Mobile2D Model Structure: ~ regional input files (XML) ~1 regional output files/ database connection Parallelization for HPC / Multicore Workstations Pre / Postprocessing Tools Coupling to Regional Hydrologic Models Model coupling EN/OVERVIEW/index.html Bayreuth April 11-14, 21

21 Thank you for your attention Bayreuth April 11-14, 21