QUT, Brisbane 27.11.2012 Performance Analysis of Commercial Buildings Results and Experiences from the German Research and Demonstration Program EnOB Andreas Wagner, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany
Content The German research program EnOB New building technologies for high energy efficiency Monitored performance of EnOB demonstration buildings Energy Efficiency made in Germany, October-8-2013, Bridgeport
Structure of the research program EnOB Source: BMWi
Technologies Building technologies matrix Projects Years Source: www.enob.info
Source: www.enob.info Insulation standard Introduction of passive house standard in non-residential buildings between 1995 2000 (new facade technologies), new buildings and refurbishment Vacuum insulation from single elements to prefabricated systems
Vacuum insulation Super insulation with a minimum of material thickness Factor 10 in heat conductivity 2 cm vacuum insulation = 20 cm conventional insulation Challenges: - vulnerability of material (protective layers) - no cutting on building site (precise pre-sizing of panels) - durability Metal coated foil Silicon dioxide Source: ZAE Bayern
Vacuum insulation Source: www.enob.info
Sources: TU Dresden, Dittert Reumschüssel and Fraunhofer IBP Interior insulation Solving problems of moisture barriers and condensation in the building construction by using the effect of capillar transport Trade-off between highly efficient insulation and simple construction in historical buildings Temperature Water content
Source: www.enob.info Passive cooling Different heat sinks: between 1995 and 2005 cooling with (natural) night ventilation then increased application of thermally activated concrete slabs together with boreholes, earth piles or ground water until 2000 application of groundto-air heat exchangers
Source: SolarBau:Monitor Thermally activated building systems (TABS) natural heat sink (source) Heat pump In winter: ground used as a heat source, temperature lift with heat pump, low temperature radiant heating
Source: EControl-Glas GmbH Switchable glazing tungsten coating, activated by electric current g-value = 0,36 0,12
AS Solar factory building, Hannover Source: www.enob.info Architecture: John M. Fink Energy concept: energydesign braunschweig GmbH Monitoring: EOS, Ostfalia University AS Solar Aldi GmbH, Süd, Fraunhofer Tom Baerwald ISE
Municipal services building, Remscheid Source: www.enob.info Architecture: Architektur Contor Müller Schlüter Energy concept: Ifl Ingenieurbüro F. Luca & Partner Monitoring: b+tga Bergische Universität Wuppertal Aldi Süd, AC Fraunhofer Müller Schlüter ISE
Supermarket, Rastatt Source: www.enob.info Architecture: Ingenieur- und Planungsbüro Finzel, Würzburg Energy concept: Fraunhofer ISE, Freiburg Monitoring: Fraunhofer ISE, Freiburg Aldi Süd, Fraunhofer ISE
Residential care home for the elderly, Stuttgart Source: www.enob.info Architecture: Heckmann, Kristel, Jung, Stuttgart Energy concept: ebök, Tübingen Monitoring: Fraunhofer IBP, Stuttgart Fraunhofer IBP
Historical building Kleine Freiheit, Hamburg Source: www.enob.info Architecture: Dittert & Reumschüssel, Hamburg Energy concept: innovatec Energiesysteme, Ahnatal Monitoring: Fraunhofer IBP Target GmbH, Hannover, Dittert & Reumschüssel Architektur und Stadtentwicklung, TUHH Institut für Angewandte Bautechnik, Passivhaus Darmstadt
Energy performance analysis of demo buildings: Comparison of German and US climate Heating degree days by census region based on 65 F (18.3 C) Germany: approx. 2300 < HDD18 < 3500 Source: Energy Information Administration (2008)
Comparison of German and US climate Cooling degree days by census region based on 65 F (18.3 C) Germany: approx. 170 < CDD18 < 450 Source: Energy Information Administration (2008)
Source: www.enob.info Primary energy balance for HVAC+L (EnBau) non electrical electrical co-generation office PV Conventional German office buildings: 300 700 kwh/m²a production research
Source: www.enob.info Primary energy consumption incl. occupant appliances non electrical HVAC electrical HVAC+L electrical appl. office production research
Investment costs (construction and technical services) German building cost index high medium low Source: www.enob.info /m² gross area, before taxes
QUT, Brisbane 27.11.2012 Thank you for listening. Dank Merci u wel voor uw aandacht. pour votre attention. Danke für Ihre Aufmerksamkeit. More information: ww.enob.info Personal contact: wagner@kit.edu This work was funded by the Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology (BMWi)