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Der englische Satzbau in positiven Sätzen: Beginnen wir mit einfachen Aussagesätzen. Beachte, dass alle Satzteile aus mehreren Wörtern bestehen können. Das Subjekt kann also zum Beispiel our new Biology teacher Mr. Smith heißen und eine Ortsangabe: at the supermarket in my little town. Zeit Subjekt Verb Objekt Ort Zeit I like apples. You can have a lot of fun at the fair. He goes to school. We clean our car every Sunday. In the am with some afternoon I meeting friends. Many everything they at the local people buy need to eat market. Last Friday our teacher sang a song with us early in the morning. Susan visited me at work last Friday. My uncle s are in the children playing hide and seek garden. Yesterday I sunbathed on my friend s balcony. Version 2.1 Seite 2
Der englische Satzbau in negativen Sätzen und in Fragen: Bei Zeitformen, welche in positiven Sätzen ohne Hilfsverb gebildet werden, benötigst Du für negative Sätze und Fragesätze ein Hilfsverb. Um einen Verneinung zu bilden, stellst Du dann einfach das passende Hilfsverb und not vor das (Voll-)Verb. Beachte hierbei, dass das Vollverb dann wieder in der Grundform steht! Zur Bildung einer Frage stellst Du das Hilfsverb vor das Subjekt. Bei Zeitformen, die in positiven Sätzen schon ein Hilfsverb enthalten, stellst Du einfach nur not zwischen Hilfsverb und Vollverb. Zur Bildung einer Frage stellst Du das Hilfsverb vor das Subjekt. In der folgenden Tabelle findest Du die Bildung von positiven Sätzen, negativen Sätzen und Fragen für den Satzbau in sechs englischen Zeitformen: Hilfs- Hilfs- Zeitform und Satzart verb Subjekt verb not Vollverb Objekt Simple Present (Infinitiv & bei he/she/it -> -s) positiver Satz They like tea. negativer Satz They do not like crisps. Frage Do they like apples? positiver Satz (he/she/it -> -s!) He likes oranges. negativer Satz (he/she/it -> -s!) He does not like chips. Frage (he/she/it -> -s!) Does he like tea? Simple Past (Verb+ed / 2. Form der irr. Verbs) positiver Satz (regular Verb) They played a song. negativer Satz (regular Verb) They did not play a song. Frage (regular Verb) Did they play a song? positiver Satz (irregular Verb) She lost the match. negativer Satz (irregular Verb) She did not lose the match. Frage (irregular Verb) Did she lose the match? Present Progressive (am/is/are + Verb+ing) positiver Satz They are playing chess. negativer Satz They are not playing chess. Frage Are they playing chess? Version 2.1 Seite 3
Past Progressive (was/were + Verb+ing) positiver Satz She was reading a book. negativer Satz She was not reading a book. Frage Was she reading a book? Present Perfect (have/has + Verb+ed / 3.Form) positiver Satz His dad has washed the car. negativer Satz His dad has not washed the car. Frage Has his dad washed the car? Past Perfect (had + Verb+ed / 3. Form) positiver Satz They had cleaned the roof. negativer Satz They had not cleaned the roof. Frage Had they cleaned the roof? Fragen, Anregungen oder sogar einen Fehler entdeckt? Ich freue mich über Dein Feedback oder neue Ideen zu meinen Übungen! Hier findest Du zahlreiche Satzbau Übungen: https://englisch-nachhilfe-pforzheim.de/satzbau-uebungen/#wordorder Andreas Felis Flying English Coach 07231 4436430 afelis@gmx.de Englisch Nachhilfe Pforzheim Nachhilfe auch via Skype möglich! Extra Lerntipp zur Vorbereitung auf Klassenarbeiten: In Klassenarbeiten liegen die Schwierigkeiten von Schülern nicht immer nur an grammatikalischen Inhalten, sondern an der Aufgabenstellung! Viele typische Aufgabenstellungen habe ich für Sie auf meiner Seite Aufgabenstellung in Englischarbeiten zusammengetragen. Hier gibt's die passenden Lösungen https://englisch-nachhilfe-pforzheim.de/downloads/loesungen-zum-englischensatzbau/ Version 2.1 Seite 4
1. Satzbau Übung mit Sätzen im Simple Present 1. Julia's // breakfast // school. // father // her // after // drives // to 2. is // birthday // her // when // party? 3. not // dress? // of // she // like // the // colour // does // her 4. all // long. // little // my // cries // sister // day 5. past // finishes // Fridays. // half // at // school // eleven // on 6. are // books? // my // where // exercise 7. goes // aunt // riding // weekend. // her // every 8. her // a // writes // always // list. // mother // shopping 9. play // do // in // not // we // kitchen. // cards // the 10. hungry // the // school? // after // are // twins 11. always // homework // does // lunch. // her // she // after 12. write // never // school. // poems // we // at 13. a // has // to // with // share // brother. // she // room // her 14. put // always // desk. // my // bag // I // on // school // my 15. up // dressed! // and // get // hurry 16. do // the children // their play // not // in the gymnasium. // rehearse 17. expensive // does // earrings? // always // she // buy 18. finish // every morning. // seven // our neighbours // at half past // their breakfast Version 2.1 Seite 5
2. Satzbau Übung mit Sätzen im Present Progressive 1. for // is // her // getting // now. // dancing // Sue // ready // lessons 2. Julia // is // a // not // wearing // today? // why // dress 3. the // pets // are // school. // talking // about // not // their // pupils // at 4. classroom. // group // desks // bringing // to // is // new // the // our 5. sister. // arguing // my // I // am // with 6. the // is // mother // now? // why // cleaning // your // kitchen 7. are // this // having // morning. // we // eggs // for // not // breakfast 8. breakfast? // are // we // for // having // fish // and // why // chips 9. Biology // not // because // Mr Smith is // ill. // today // teaching // is // he 10. our // are // playing // in // the garden. // hockey // with // we // neighbours 11. he // for // her? // opening // the // is // door 12. is // the // mother. // his // not // about // he // talking // holidays // with 13. our // giving // the // today. // teacher // is // lessons // Maths // dancing gymnasium // in 14. test // difficult // moment. // sister // is // a // writing // Sam's // the // at 15. I // of // sitting // in // you? // am // front 16. is // today? // not // he // his blue // wearing // uniform // why 17. my // is // at // sister // a book // the moment. // reading 18. Carolin // is // why // on // sitting // your chair? Version 2.1 Seite 6
3. Satzbau Übung mit Sätzen im Simple Past 1. holidays. // in // explored // Caro // London // her 2. did // to // party? // you // when // the // go 3. took // an // out // fridge. // egg // of // she // the 4. did // how // stay? // long // you 5. her // yesterday. // sister // not // homework // did // my // do 6. did // week? // you // Moni // see // last // where 7. him. // Carmen // at // smiled 8. Laura // did // yesterday. // I // not // phone 9. last // son // Friday. // washed // his // our // car 10. she // was // lesson? // late // why // for // the 11. open // he // her. // door // not // did // the // for 12. robber. // bank // police // the // followed // the 13. a // shared // in // London. // room // when // we // were // we 14. not // film. // watch // a // did // Simon 15. did // her? // not // ask // you // why 16. not // did // to // her // Mr Green // follow // the station. 17. invited // Luisa // her // birthday // to // party. // Tom 18. did you // yesterday? // help // why // your // little // not // sister 4. Satzbau Übung mit Sätzen im Past Progressive Version 2.1 Seite 7
1. doing // in the // afternoon. // were // their // the boys // homework 2. was // Tina // At 3 o'clock // with // Tom. // dancing 3. boyfriend. // writing // Kira // a letter // to // was // her 4. whole day. // Lara's // sleeping // the // parents // were 5. eating // were // for dinner? // you // fish // where 6. I // the United // reading // was // about // States. // a book 7. were // London. // all churches // visiting // in // Kim and Jim 8. at 6 o'clock. // was // her family // cooking // lunch // Stephi // for 9. grade five. // teaching // Mrs Smith // English // in // was 10. were // in front of // the children // the cinema. // waiting // not 11. John? // where // Nina // was // for // waiting 12. was // of the // taking // a picture // Steven // London Eye. 13. the red // was // car. // driving // not // Mrs Thompson 14. Simon // not // // were // through // walking // the park. // and Kate 15. dancing // room? // Mike // were // Jane and // in // the living 16. not // was // uncle // the animals. // feeding // her 17. was // at // a supermarket // not // in her // Sally // holidays. // working 18. Were they sitting around the fire? 5. Satzbau Übung mit Sätzen im Present Perfect Version 2.1 Seite 8
1. has // book // yet? // she // given // why // not // you // the 2. bullied // you // a // school? // classmate // ever // have // at 3. sister // far. // has // drunk // never // my // alcohol // so 4. to // now? // have // often // you // seen // "Ice Age 3" // up // how 5. not // yet. // of // taken // has // photos // the // Eye // London // Jenny 6. already // homework, // have // Peter? // you // done // your 7. far. // has // caught //a // so // single // not // she // fish 8. has // yet. // sale // sold // bike // not // at // the // Tom // his // jumble 9. you // mouse? // tried // catch // to // ever // have // a 10. we // the // have // heroine. // chosen // just // grade's 11. his // not // yet. // the // John // paid // bill // for // bike // has 12. have // school. // read // ten // just // pages // they // at 13. far. // never // Tina // stolen // any // has // money // so 14. has // the // Sara // yet.// fed // hamster // not 15. never // TV // down. // has // her // broken 16. every // movie. // has // already // Simon // Harry Potter // seen 17. at // have // the lake. // had // a great time // just // we 18. English // has // three mistakes // found // new // a classmate // in the // book. // already 6. Satzbau Übung mit Sätzen im Past Perfect Version 2.1 Seite 9
Achte bei den folgenden Sätzen darauf, dass Du es meistens mit zwei Handlungen zu tun hast. Eine davon steht im Past Perfect und eine im Simple Past. Die Handlung, welche zuerst geschehen ist, steht im Past Perfect. 1. him? // had // she // phoned Ryan // before // Lisa // visited 2. stolen // was // she // late // her bike. // somebody // had // because 3. noticed // the teacher // she // that // done // properly. // her homework // had not 4. completely // had // the fire, // so the house // nobody // burned // down. noticed 5. our dog // bought // the sausages // for the BBQ. // which // we had // ate 6. books // they // 1995? // before // had // at Amazon // ordered 7. because she // not know // taken part // // the song had not // in the rehearsals. // Lisa did 8. on it. // had to // wine // the carpet // had spilled // my mother // clean // after somebody 9. very tired // were // because // enough. // we // not slept // we // had 10. notes // because // a bad mark // wrote // he // not taken //. Thomas // in the exam // had 11. alcohol // had // you // party?// before // Tim's // // drunk 12. I // chips.// ill // I had // eaten // fish and // felt // after 13. she // Samantha // to Paris? // studied // moved // before // had // French 14. place // before. // meeting // at the same // my friend // // had met // we // suggested Version 2.1 Seite 10