Electricity Generation from Geothermal Heat and other Sustainable Energy Technologies Martin Wendland, Ngoc Anh Lai, Gerald Koglbauer, Johann Fischer University for Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences Vienna Institute for Chemical and Energy Engineering 1
Contents 1. ORC process for geothermal heat 2. ORC process for biomass 3. Compressed air energy storage 2
Electricity from Renewable Heat Sources heat source geothermal solarthermal biomass temperature level 100 C 200 C 250-400 C 3
ORC Process vs. Clausius Rankine Process (CR) water Rankine process: organic 4
BACKONE Equation of State physically based; few substance specific parameter o refrigerants (pure, binary, ternary) o natural gas / biogas (21 pure components, 23 core mixtures) o working fluids for ORC processes 5
ORC Process for Geothermal Heat alternatives for perfluoropentane (C 5 F 12 )
Heat Utilization in Geothermal ORC Processes pinch point analysis T = 10 C witout superheating 7
Heat Utilization in Geothermal ORC Processes pinch point analysis T = 10 C with superheating 8
Heat Utilization in Geothermal ORC Processes P el = m& W q HEX η th P el q HEX η th 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105 Verdampfungstemperatur [ C] evaporation temperature [ C] 9
Electricity from Biomass by ORC Process 270 C comp. η th [%] η th [%] v 4 /v 3 - IHE + IHE benzene 18.9 21.3 32.2 toluene 18.8 22.7 40.7 p-xylene 18.5 23.3 56.2 MDM 12.3 22.4 92.4 MD2M 12.2 23.2 172.7 D4 12.6 22.8 164.8 90 C D5 12.0 23.7 348.9 10
Advanced Adiabatic Compressed Air Energy Storage (AA-CAES) Thermophysical Properties of Humid Air 11
High Pressure Cell 12
argon nitrogen 25 MPa 25 MPa 10 MPa 10 MPa pure water pure water
Vapor Concentration Enhancement Factor g cw ( p, T ) ( p, T ) c 0 ( T ) w = w g w ( p, T )... vapor concentration enhancement factor c w ( p, T c 0 w ( T )... )... vapor concentration at p and T vapor density of pure water at saturation at T 14
Humid Air 0.1 MPa 1.0 MPa 2.0 MPa 3.5 MPa 5.0 MPa 7.5 MPa 10.0 MPa 12.5 MPa 15.0 MPa 17.5 MPa 20.0 MPa 22.5 MPa 25.0 MPa 15
Sustainable Energy Technology Energietechnik: Working fluids for refrigeration, heat pumps and ORC processes: thermodynamic properties and cycle optimization Processing of natural gas and biogas: thermodynamic properties and process optimization Energy storage with compressed air: thermodynamic properties of humid air Sustainable food processing: cumulative energy demand for seperation processes 16
Experimental Equipment Precision apparatus for vapor pressures and saturated liquid densities of working fluids up to 20 MPa. Spherical resonator for sound-velocity measurements in gases up to 25 MPa (ideal gas heat capacities) Paar densitometer and sound-velocity apparatus for liquids DSC calorimeter for biomaterial Apparatus for the dew point of humid gases with FTIR spectrometry 17
University for Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences Vienna Department for Material Sciences and Process technology Institute for Chemical and Energy Engineering Prof. Dr. Martin Wendland Muthgasse 107, 1190 Wien, Austria Tel.: +43 1 370 97 26 213, Fax: +43 1 370 97 26 210 martin.wendland@boku.ac.at, www.boku.ac.at, www.map.boku.ac.at 18