Geothermal Potentials Experiences with deep Geothermal Projects in Germany Workshop 6. Deutsch-türkisches Energiesymposium 1
System Earth Structure of the earth 99% of the earth s temperature >1,000 C 99,9% > 100 C 2
Quantification of the heat balance (Stacey & Looper): System Erde Geschichte Figures absolute heatflow of the earth: 42*10 12 W 42*1.000.000.000.000 W 1*100 W Bulb 1*1.000.000 W Windpowerplant 5*100.000.000 W Coalpowerplant 1*1.000.000.000 W Nuclear Powerplant 42.000 Nuclear Powerplants 3
Installed geothermal electrical capacity worldwide (Status 2010) Land Installierte Leistung [MW] Produzierte Jahresleistung [GWh] Anzahl der Kraftwerke Zuwachs seit 2005 (installierte Leistung) USA 3.093 16.603 209 21% Philippinen 1.904 10.311 56 1% Indonesien 1.197 9.600 22 50% Mexiko 958 7.047 37 1% Italien 843 5.520 33 7% Neuseeland 628 4.055 43 44% Island 575 4.597 25 184% Japan 536 3.064 20 0 El Salvador 204 1.422 7 35% Kenia 167 1.430 10 29% Costa Rica 166 1.131 6 2% Nicaragua 88 310 5 14% Türkei 82 490 4 308% Russland 82 441 11 4% Papua Neuguinea 56 450 3 833% Guatemala 52 289 8 58% Portugal 29 175 5 78% China 24 150 8 13% Frankreich 16 95 3 10% Äthiopien 7,3 10 2 k.a. Deutschland 6,6 50 3 2774% Österreich 1,4 3,8 3 27% Australien 1,1 0,5 2 633% Thailand 0,3 2 1 0 0,5% of world production GESAMT 10.715 67.246 526 20%
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Source IPCC 2011 7
Source IPCC 2011
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3. Hoch-Enthalpie-Lagerstätten First modern geothermal power plant in Lardello, Italy (400 MW) since more as 90 years The first geothermal power plants in the U.S. at The Geysers dry steam field, in northern California (1962, 700 MW)
Development of German Geothermal Electricity Projects Projects Development of Geothermal Projects Output 250 kw 500 kw 5.000 kw Projects Operation Neustadt-Glewe 1994 (2003) Unterhaching Landau Sauerlach Dürrnhaar Kirchstockach Offenbach Bruchsal Pullach 2007/2008 2008/2009 Financing publicly funded increased resource prices improved legal background change in attitude privately funded 12
Binary Cycle 13
The Geothermal Power Plant in Unterhaching near Munic 14
The Turbine House in Unterhaching near Munic 15
High restrictions to noise reduction Industrial Area Residential Area Highway 16
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Degree of Efficiency of Geothermal Power Plants Auskühlungswirkungsgrad a Im Thermalwasser m b c b T b,in T 0 In die Erde Thermischer Wirkungsgrad th Abwärme, reversibler Prozess Turbinenwirkungsgrad i,tur Mechanischer Wirkungsgrad m Generatorwirkungsgrad gen Turbinenverluste mechanische Verluste Generatorverluste Eigenbedarfswirkungsgrad ei s m b c b P T net P ne t Eigenbedarf a th i,tur m gen ei b T 0 18
Estimated Capacity of Generator 19
Projects NEUSTADT- GLEWE Northern- German Basin First Power Station Q = 110 m³/h T = 98 C P = 210 kw e Organic Rankine Cycle CHP: 22 GWh/a operation Heating: since 1995 Power: since 2003 doublet 2250 m 20
First Commercial Power Plant (subsidized) Projects LANDAU Upper Rhine Valley Q = 180 290 m³/h T = 160 C P = 3.000 kw e Organic Rankine Cycle CHP: 9,2 GWh/a operation since 01/2008 doublet 3300m BINE, 2008 21
First Privately Financed Power Plant Projects DÜRRNHAAR / KIRCH- STOCKACH North Alpine Molasse Basin Q = 550 m³/h T = 135 C P = 5.000 kw e as remote location no CHP operation expect. 2009 doublet 3750 m 22
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Geological Profile of a Mining Area 24
Future Developments Ziele Infrastruktur CT-Bohrtechnik Reservoirtec WP-Bohrtechnik Fazit Using and improving the know how from the oil and gas industry 25
Global frame Decrease from 30 Gt CO 2 (2010) to 22 Gt in 2035 necessary to reach +2 C target Germany decided to quit nuclear power until 2020 and to reduce greenhousegases by 20% Invest of 233 Bio. until 2020 in Germany (Fraunhofer 2010) Worldwide 1,000 Bio. /a (WBBT, 2011) > private investors necessary Chance for German Industry in green technologies 26
International Coordination Office of GtV (German Geothermal Association) Information and Networking Project development Accompainment of expert fairs and congresses Strategy consulting Assistance to German companies going abroad Assistance to foreign companies going to NRW and Germany
Conclusions Geothermal energy has the potential of playing an important role in sustainable and carbon free energy supply It is suitabel for both electricity and heating/cooling In many areas of the world and espacially in Turkey geothermal energy can supply more then 100% of the base load In certain circumstances even small scale geothermal resources are capable of solving numerous local problems and of raising the living standards of small isolated communities 28
Cordial Invitation Geothermal Congress 2011 With Trade Fair geoenergia Bochum, NRW Germany, 15. 17. Nov. 2011 International Trade Fair Geo T Essen, Germany, Oct. 2012 29
Herzlichen Dank für die Förderung mit Mitteln der EU aus dem "Europäischen Fond für regionale Entwicklung (EFRE), Ziel 2 Phase 6 und des Landes NRW im Rahmen des Programms Rationelle Energieverwendung, regenerative Energien und Energiesparen (proges.nrw) Tesekürr & Glückauf! Direktor des Internationalen Koordinationsbüro des GtV BV Geothermie e.v. www.geothermie.de 0049 234 3210 221 eckehard.buescher@geothermie.de c/o GZB, International Geothermal Center Lennershofstr. 140, D 44801 Bochum / Germany 30
Backup, International Geothermal Center 31
Ukraine Energieforum, Berlin 2011 Dr. Eckehard Quelle: BGR 32
Zukünftige Energieversorgungsstrukturen in Industrieländern Dr. 33 Eckehard Büscher,
Dr. 34 Eckehard Büscher,
Dr. 35 Eckehard Quelle: BWP Büscher,