THE COLLECTED PAPERS OF. Albert Einstein VOLUME 6 THE BERLIN YEARS: WRITINGS, A. J. Kox, Martin J. Klein, and Robert Schulmann

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1 THE COLLECTED PAPERS OF Albert Einstein VOLUME 6 THE BERLIN YEARS: WRITINGS, A. J. Kox, Martin J. Klein, and Robert Schulmann EDITORS Jozsef Illy and Jean Eisenstaedt CONTRIBUTING EDITORS Rita Fountain and Annette Pringle EDITORIAL ASSISTANTS Princeton University Press 1996

2 CONTENTS List of Texts INTRODUCTORY MATERIAL Introduction to Volume 6 Acknowledgments List of Location Symbols and Descriptive Symbols ix xv xxvi xxvii TEXTS 1 APPENDIXES A. Summaries of Einstein's Courses, University of Berlin 583 B. Nachschrift of Einstein's Wolfskehl Lectures, summer Literature Cited 591 Indexes 607

3 1. "On the Principle of Relativity," 26 April "Vom Relativitats-Prinzip" Vossische Zeitung, 26 April "Covariance Properties of the Field Equations of the Theory of 6 Gravitation Based on the Generalized Theory of Relativity," 29 May 1914 "Kovarianzeigenschaften der Feldgleichungen der auf die verallgemeinerte Relativitatstheorie gegriindeten Gravitationstheorie" Zeitschrift fur Mathematik und Physik 63 (1914) 3. "Inaugural Lecture," 2 July "Antrittsrede" Sitzungsberichte (1914) 4. "Remarks on P. Harzer's Paper: 'On the Dragging of Light in Glass 25 and on Aberration'," 18 July 1914 "Bemerkungen zu P. Harzers Abhandlung,,Uber die Mitfiihrung des Lichtes in Glas und die Aberration"" Astronomische Nachrichten 199 (1914) 5. "Contributions to Quantum Theory," 24 July "Beitrage zur Quantentheorie" Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft. Verhandlungen 16 (1914) 6. "Response to Paul Harzer's Reply," 18 August "Antwort auf eine Replik Paul Harzers" Astronomische Nachrichten 199 (1914) 7. Lecture Notes for Course on Relativity at the University of Berlin, 44 Winter Semester 1914/1915, 16 October March "Manifesto to the Europeans" (with G. F. Nicolai and 69 F. W. Forster), mid-october 1914 "Aufruf an die Europaer" 9. "The Formal Foundation of the General Theory of Relativity," October 1914 "Die formale Grundlage der allgemeinen Relativitatstheorie" Sitzungsberichte (1914)

4 10. Review of Alexander Brill, The Principle of Relativity: 131 An Introduction to the Theory, 27 November 1914 Das Relativitdtsprinzip. Eine Einfiihrung in die Theorie Die Naturwissenschaften 2 (1914) 11. Review of H. A. Lorentz, The Principle of Relativity: 134 Three Lectures..., 27 November 1914 Das Relativitdtsprinzip- Drei Vorlesungen... Die Naturwissenschaften 2 (1914) 12. "Expert Opinion on Legal Dispute between Anschiitz & Co. and 137 Sperry Gyroscope Company," 6 February 1915 "Gutachten zum Rechtsstreit Anschiitz & Co. gegen Sperry-Gyroscope Company" Editorial Note: Einstein on Ampere's Molecular Currents "Experimental Proof of Ampere's Molecular Currents" 151 (with Wander J. de Haas), 19 February 1915 "Experimenteller Nachwei^ der Ampereschen Molekularstrome" Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft. Verhandlungen 17 (1915) 14. "Experimental Proof of the Existence of Ampere's Molecular 172 Currents" (with Wander J. de Haas), 23 April 1915 Koninklijke Akademie van Wetenschappen te Amsterdam. Section of Sciences. Proceedings 18 ( ) 15. "Experimental Proof of Ampere's Molecular Currents," 7 May "Experimenteller Nachweis der Ampereschen Molekularstrome" Die Naturwissenschaften 3 (1915) 16. "Correction of My Joint Paper with J. W. de Haas: 'Experimental 194 Proof of Ampere's Molecular Currents'," 10 May 1915 "Berichtigung zu meiner gemeinsam mit Herrn J. W. de Haas veroffentlichten Arbeit,,Experimenteller Nachweis der Ampereschen Molekularstrome" " Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft. Verhandlungen 17 (1915) 17. "Comment on the Essay Submitted by Knapp: 'The Shearing of the 197 Light-Ether...'," 15 June 1915 "Ausserung zu dem von Herrn Knapp eingereichten Aufsatze,,Die Scherung des Lichtathers..."" 18. "Response to a Paper by M. von Laue: 'A Theorem in Probability 198 Calculus and Its Application to Radiation Theory'," 24 June 1915 "Antwort auf eine Abhandlung M. v. Laues,,Ein Satz der Wahrscheinlichkeitsrechnung und seine Anwendung auf die Strahlungstheorie" " Annalen der Physik 47 (1915)

5 xi 19. "Supplementary Expert Opinion," 7 August "Nachtragsgutachten" 20. "My Opinion on the War," 23 October-11 November "Meine Meinung iiber den Krieg" 21. "On the General Theory of Relativity," 4 November "Zur allgemeinen Relativitatstheorie" 22. "On the General Theory of Relativity (Addendum)," November 1915 "Zur allgemeinen Relativitatstheorie (Nachtrag)" 23. "Comment on Our Paper: 'Experimental Proof of Ampere's 230 Molecular Currents'" (with Wander J. de Haas), 15 November 1915 "Notiz zu unserer Arbeit,,Experimenteller Nachweis der Ampereschen Molekujarstrome" " Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft. Verhandlungen 17 (1915) 24. "Explanation of the Perihelion Motion of Mercury from the General 233 Theory of Relativity," 18 November 1915 "Erklarung der Perihelbewegung des Merkur aus der allgemeinen Relativitatstheorie" 25. "The Field Equations of Gravitation," 25 November "Die Feldgleichungen der Gravitation" 26. "On the Theory of Tetrode and Sackur for the Entropy Constant," 250 ca. 14 January 1916 "Zur Tetrode-Sakkur'schen Theorie der Entropie-Konstante" 27. "A New Formal Interpretation of Maxwell's Field Equations of 263 Electrodynamics," 3 February 1916 "Eine neue formale Deutung der Maxwellschen Feldgleichungen der Elektrodynamik" 28. "A Simple Experiment to Demonstrate Ampere's Molecular Currents," February 1916

6 xii LIST OF TEXTS "Ein einfaches Experiment zum Nachweis der Ampereschen Molekularstrome" Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft. Verhandlungen 18 (1916) 29. "Ernst Mach," 14 March Physikalische Zeitschrift 17 (1916) 30. "The Foundation of the General Theory of Relativity," 20 March "Die Grundlage der allgemeinen Relativitatstheorie" Annalen der Physik 49 (1916) 31. "Appendix. Formulation of the Theory on the Basis of a Variational 340 Principle," before 20 March 1916 "Anhang. Darstellung der Theorie ausgehend von einem Variationsprinzip" 32. "Approximative Integration of the Field Equations of Gravitation," June 1916 "Naherungsweise Integration der Feldgleichungen der Gravitation" 33. "Einstein's Memorial Lecture on Karl Schwarzschild," 29 June "Gedachtnisrede des Hrn. Einstein auf Karl Schwarzschild" 34. "Emission and Absorption of Radiation in Quantum Theory," July 1916 "Strahlungs-Emission und -Absorption nach der Quantentheorie" Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft. Verhandlungen 18 (1916) 35. "Preface" to Erwin Freundlich, The Foundations of Einstein's 371 Theory of Gravitation, ca. August Review of H. A. Lorentz, Statistical Theories in Thermodynamics: 374 Five Lectures..., 11 August 1916 Les theories statistiques en thermodynamique Die Naturwissenschaften 4 (1916) 37. "Author's Summary of The Foundation of the General Theory of 378 Relativity, 11 August 1916 Die Naturwissenschaften 4 (1916) 38. "On the Quantum Theory of Radiation," after 24 August "Zur Quantentheorie der Strahlung" Physikalische Gesellschaft Zurich. Mitteilungen 18 (1916) 39. "Elementary Theory of Water Waves and of Flight," 25 August "Elementare Theorie der Wasserwellen und des Fluges" Die Naturwissenschaften A (1916)

7 40. "On Friedrich Kottler's Paper: 'On Einstein's Equivalence Hypothesis 403 and Gravitation'," October 1916 "Uber Friedrich Kottlers Abhandlung,,Uber Einsteins Aquivalenzhypothese und die Gravitation"" Annalen der Physik 51 (1916) 41. "Hamilton's Principle and the General Theory of Relativity," October 1916 "Hamiltonsches Prinzip und allgemeine Relativitatstheorie" Editorial Note: Einstein's Popular Book on Relativity On the Special and the General Theory of Relativity (A Popular 420 Account), December 1916 Uber die spezielle und die allgemeine Relativitatstheorie (Gemeinverstdndlich). Braunschweig: Vieweg, "Cosmological Considerations in the General Theory of Relativity," February 1917, "Kosmologische Betrachtungen zur allgemeinen Relativitatstheorie" Sitzungsberichte (1917) 44. "Reply to the Plaintiff's Written Statement of 27 December 1916," February 1917 "Antwort auf die Schrift der Klagerin vom 27. Dezember 1916" 45. "On the Quantum Theorem of Sommerfeld and Epstein," 11 May "Zum Quantensatz von Sommerfeld und Epstein" Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft. Verhandlungen 19 (1917) 46. Review of Hermann von Helmholtz, Two Lectures on Goethe, November 1917 Zwei Vortrdge uber Goethe Die Naturwissenschaften 5 (1917) 47. "A Derivation of Jacobi's Theorem," 22 November "Eine Ableitung des Theorems von Jacobi" Sitzungsberichte (1917) 48. "Marian von Smoluchowski," 14 December Die Naturwissenschaften 5 (1917) 49. "The Nightmare," 25 December "Der Angst-Traum" Berliner Tageblatt, 25 December 1917