Module 15 Comparison of Electricity Generating Costs 1.5.2015 Prof.Dr. Böck Vienna University of Technology Atominstitute Stadionallee 2 A-1020 Vienna, Austria ph: ++43-1-58801 141368 boeck@ati.ac.at
European Union domestic production of primary energy in 2013 Gross Electricity production in 2013: 876,8 GWh (+10,3% from 1990) NPP: 29% Renewables: 24% Solid fuel : 20% Gas: 17% Oil: 9% NucNet Weekly News Review / 13 February 2015
Electricity generating costs without emission trading
Electricity generation costs ( /MWh) without emission trading http://www.world-nuclear.org/info/energy-and-environment/ Energy-Analysis-of-Power-Systems/ (See Table 2: Life Cycle Energy Ratios for Various Technologies) (%Input/Lifetime output)
Electricity generating costs with emission trading
Electricity generating costs ( /MWh) with emission trading at 23 /to CO2
Uranium in Earth Crust
Uranium Resources
Material Balance of Fuel Cycle
Cost of 1 kg uranium fuel UO2 June 2013
Life Cycle Energy Requirement for NPP s
Impact of Investment Costs on Power Generation Costs
Impact of Fuel Costs on Power Generation Costs
Impact of Emission Price on Power Genereation Costs
Impact onf Interest Rate on Power Generation Costs
Impact of Power Plant Economic Life Time
Impact of Full Capacity Hours on Power Generation Costs
Fuel Prices as of January 2008
Fuel Price & Increment due to Emission Price of 23/to CO2
Average Annual Power Plant Efficiencies
Specific Investment Costs of Power Plants ( /kw)
Operation and Maintenance Costs
EROI = Energy return On Investment: Energy delivered by a process to energy used directly or indirectly by this process http://www.world-nuclear.org/info/energy-and-environment/ Energy-Analysis-of-Power-Systems/
VERA Sem. TU Wien 23.4.2015 Electricity demand during the day 27 Definition: load = demand Tue 31.1.2012 Peak load power (MW) Base load 12:00 6:00 18:00 time (h) Important: Demand has to be met by supply for every moment
VERA Sem. TU Wien 23.4.2015 Electricity demand during the week 28 Mo Tue Wed Th Fr Sa Su power (MW) time (days)
VERA Sem. TU Wien 23.4.2015 Electricity demand during the year 2012 29 during the week at the weekend Christmas period J F M A M J J A S O N D time (months)
Österreichs Öko-Scheinwelt Die Presse 20.2.2015 Fast 20% Nettostrom (Export bereits abgezogen) aus tschechischen und anderen Braunkohle- und Kernkraftwerken Durch Ankauf von Emissionszertifikaten exportieren wir Treibhausgase in die Nachbarländer EU Vorgabe für 2030 (-40% gegenüber Kyoto) ist chancenlos Hinkley Point mit 12c/kWh subventioniert Solarstrom mit 26 c/kwh durch Ökostromförderbeitrag (zahlt jeder von uns mit Stromrechnung), Holz mit 13c/kWh Braunkohle in Deutschland mit mehr als 10 Milliarden /y subventioniert
Ökostrom in Österreich cents/kwh (Kurier 24.3.2011) Windkraft: 9,7 Fotovoltaik: 25-38 Biomasse: 10-18,5 Fördersummen 2010: Bio: 192 M Wind: 86 M Fotovoltaik: 11 M
Percent of Nuclear Energy in Austrian power grid in 2010 and 2013 14,00 (calculated out of data provided by ENTSO-E, https://www.entsoe.eu/pages/default.aspx urldate: 18.07.2014 ) 12,00 10,00 percent (%) 8,00 6,00 2010 2013 4,00 2,00 0,00 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec month
Energieaufwand Beschneiung 2014 in Österreich ca 20 000 Beschneiungsanlagen mit ca 20 kw Leistung In 400 h soviel wie zwei Haushalte im ganzen Jahr Wasserverbrauch von 600 lt / min Für 1h Skipiste Grundbeschneiung 10e6 lt Wasser und 30 000 kwh Kosten der Beschneiung macht ca 15% des Skipasses Schladming: 700 Kanonen, 150 000 m3 /Tag, Kosten ca 90 k /Tag In letzten 10 Jahren 4500 Kanonen installiert 70% aller Pisten in Österreich beschneit 1,5-4,5 pro m3 Schnee
Pub Outdoor Gas Radiators 32 radiators operating for 10h/day -- 640 kwh Equal to consumption of 50 private households
Bei Black-out Wired phones are dead, mobil phones depend on the battery life TV, Radio without batteries fail Internet is dead as routers fail Rail transport fails, passengers have to be evacuated from tunnels All gates from and to car parks do not open Gas stations fail as pumps do not work Elevators and mobile stairways fail Home and street electricity supply fails, streets and tunnels are dark Heating and AC systems fail Industries are stopped Water supply fails due to pump failure Waste water discharge does not work All farm animals are in danger if heating fails All shops have to close as cash points do not function All banks and money dispensers do not operate Hospitals have to reduce intensive care as they run on emergency diesel Public intervention teams (police, fire brigades, ambulances) have drastically to reduce their services to urgent emergency cases
What you should remember Impact of investment costs on electricity price (higest-lowest) Impact of fuel cost on electricity price (highest-lowest) Approx. fraction of nuclear generated electricity in Austrian grid Typical base load power stations
References 1.Lappeenranta University of Technology: Faculty of Technology Department of Energy and Environmental Technology, Research report EN A-56 2. http://www.world-nuclear.org/information-library/