Formalisierung von Akitivitätsstrukturen

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1 Formalisierung von Akitivitätsstrukturen Stephan Trahasch Tobias Lauer 4. Februar 2004

2 Übersicht elearning Standards IMS Learning Design Workflow and Process Management ISO Collaborative Technology Stephan Trahasch 2

3 Standardisierung Focus learning objects Standards IEEE Learning Object Metadata IMS Content Packaging IMS Simple Sequencing SCORM - Sharable Content Object Reference Model Stephan Trahasch 3

4 Standardisierung SCORM besteht aus Content Aggregation Model Content Run-Time Environment LMS Sequencing and Navigation Learning Activities Stephan Trahasch 4

5 Learning Activity A learning activity may be loosely described as a meaningful unit of instruction; it is conceptually something the learner does while progressing through instruction. single user, lone learner Learner to content interactions Stephan Trahasch 5

6 Kritik mangelnde Zuordnung der Learning Objects zu didaktischen Kontexten fehlende Abbildung von Lernprozessen Aktivitäten und Rollen Fehlende Unterstützung von kooperativen Lernszenarien Stephan Trahasch 6

7 Shift towards... Activity centric view Individual and group learning activities People to People Stephan Trahasch 7

8 EMLs EML Educational Modelling Language An EML is a semantic model describing the content and process within a unit of learning from a pedagogical perspective in order to support reuse and interoperability Stephan Trahasch 8

9 EMLs OUNL EML Open University of the Netherlands IMS Learning Design PALO Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED) Limited to individual tasks Stephan Trahasch 9

10 IMS Learning Design Language to describe learning processes Who does what, when and with which content and services in order to achieve learning objectives? Units of Learning Smallest unit satisfying a learning objective Stephan Trahasch 10

11 IMS Learning Design Elements of any unit of learnig: resources instructions for learning activities templates for structured interactions learning goals, objectives and outcomes Stephan Trahasch 11

12 IMS Learning Design Core Concepts Person gets a role in the teachinglearning process Person works toward outcomes by performing structured learning or support activities Environment consists of learning objects and services Stephan Trahasch 12

13 Diagramm Stephan Trahasch 13

14 Vereinfachte Struktur <learning-design> <learning-objectives> <prerequisites> <components> <roles> <learner> <staff> <activities> <learning-activity> <support-activity> <activity-structure> <environments> <environnment> <learning-object> <service> <method> <play> <act> <role-part> <role-ref> <learning/support-activity-ref> <metadata> Stephan Trahasch 14

15 IMS Learning Design Different implementation Levels Level A Roles, Activities Level B Properties and conditions for the learning flow Level C Messaging between system components and between roles Stephan Trahasch 15

16 Use Cases Adapting Units of Learning to Profile Problem Based Learning Jigsaw Collaborative Activity Stephan Trahasch 16

17 Workflow and Process Management Workflow: The automation of a business process, in whole or part, during which documents, information or tasks are passed from one participant to another for action, according to a set of rules. Workflow Management Coalition WfMC Focus: Process Stephan Trahasch 17

18 Workflow and Process Management CSCW Workflow Management Stark strukturierte Prozesse Automatisierung von Prozessen Groupware Schwach strukturierte Prozesse Kommunikationsdienste Benutzer wählt Dienste und Aktivitäten aus Stephan Trahasch 18

19 Workflow and Process Management Unterstützungsfunktionen Stephan Trahasch 19

20 Workflow Management Applikationen und Standards zur Modellierung und Steuerung von Prozessen vorhanden. Anwendung bisher im Wirtschaftsbereich. Lernszenarios sind oft schwach strukturiert. Sind WFMS flexibel genug, um Lernszenarios zu unterstützen? Stephan Trahasch 20

21 ISO Collaborative Technology Information Technology for Learning, Education and Training ISO SC36 WG2 Standardisierung von Collaborative Workplace Agent/Agent Learner to Learner Interaction Status: initial drafts Relevanz unklar Stephan Trahasch 21

22 Fazit Mit IMS LD können kooperative Lernszenarien modelliert werden. Bisher keine Autoren- und Playersoftware vorhanden. Einschränkungen und Erweiterungsmöglichkeiten? Reuse von Elementen? Praxistauglichkeit? Stephan Trahasch 22

23 Referenzen IMS Learning Design Implementing Learning Design: The Learning Activity Management System (LAMS) ISO SC36/WG2 Collaboration Technology OUNL EML Workflow Management Coalition Stephan Trahasch 23