Siepmann / Gallagher Hannay / Mackenzie Writing in English: A Guide for Advanced Learners

Transkript

1 Siepmann / Gallagher Hannay / Mackenzie Writing in English: A Guide for Advanced Learners 2 nd Edition A. Francke

2 Eine Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Verlage Böhlau Verlag Wien Köln Weimar Verlag Barbara Budrich Opladen Farmington Hills facultas.wuv Wien Wilhelm Fink München A. Francke Verlag Tübingen und Basel Haupt Verlag Bern Stuttgart Wien Julius Klinkhardt Verlagsbuchhandlung Bad Heilbrunn Mohr Siebeck Tübingen Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft Baden-Baden Orell Füssli Verlag Zürich Ernst Reinhardt Verlag München Basel Ferdinand Schöningh Paderborn München Wien Zürich Eugen Ulmer Verlag Stuttgart UVK Verlagsgesellschaft Konstanz, mit UVK / Lucius München Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht Göttingen Oakville vdf Hochschulverlag AG an der ETH Zürich

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4 Dirk Siepmann/John D. Gallagher/ Mike Hannay/J. Lachlan Mackenzie Writing in English: A Guide for Advanced Learners 2 nd revised and extended edition A. Francke Verlag Tübingen und Basel

5 Dr. Dirk Siepmann is Professor of English Language Teaching at Osnabrück University. John D. Gallagher B. A. is Lecturer in Business English and Business French at Müns ter University. Dr. Mike Hannay is Professor of English Language at the Vrije Universiteit Ams ter dam. Dr. J. Lachlan Mackenzie is Honorary Professor of Functional Linguistics at the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam. Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Na tio nal bibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über abrufbar. 2., überarbeitete und erweiterte Auflage Auflage Narr Francke Attempto Verlag GmbH & Co. KG Dischingerweg 5 D Tübingen Das Werk einschließlich aller seiner Teile ist urheberrechtlich geschützt. Jede Verwertung außerhalb der engen Grenzen des Urheberrechtsgesetzes ist ohne Zu stimmung des Verlages unzulässig und strafbar. Das gilt insbesondere für Ver vielfältigungen, Über setzungen, Mikroverfilmungen und die Einspeicherung und Verarbeitung in elektronischen Systemen. Gedruckt auf chlorfrei gebleichtem und säurefreiem Werkdruckpapier. Internet: info@francke.de Einbandgestaltung: Atelier Reichert, Stuttgart Satz: Informationsdesign D. Fratzke, Kirchentellinsfurt Druck und Bindung: CPI Ebner & Spiegel, Ulm Printed in Germany UTB-Band-Nr.: 3124 ISBN (UTB-Bestellnummer)

6 Contents Preface Introduction MODULE I: Organizing ideas into text Introduction Chapter 1: The term paper: gearing up to start writing The term paper as an argued text The three processes of planning, writing proper and editing Making the plan Using a computer Conclusion Chapter 2: Different types of term paper: Two models Term paper as essay or as mini-article Quotation and paraphrase The literary essay The linguistic mini-article Chapter 3: Title, Introduction, Body and Conclusion The Title The Introduction The Body sections Paragraphs within the Body sections The Conclusion Chapter 4: Getting the paper ready for submission: Editing and formatting Editing Formal requirements Bibliography

7 VI Contents MODULE II: Building effective sentences Introduction Chapter 1: Basic issues in sentence construction Sentence construction Information packaging Sentencing Overview Chapter 2: Information packaging Basic grammatical moulds The order of information in the clause The front of the clause The end of the clause Fitting the sentence into the running text Organizing the starting point Clauses with passive verb forms Fronting It-clefts Pseudo-clefts The th-wh construction Non-agent subjects Establishing a special kind of starting point: framing Circumstantial adverbials Conjunctive adverbials Stance adverbials Organizing the end point Extraposition Discontinuous structures Dative shift Object postponement Presentatives What goes wrong in clause construction Frontal overload Bad textual fit Unclear focus signalling Overview

8 Contents VII Chapter 3: Complex sentences Different kinds of sentence Sentence complexity Sentence shapes Clause combining: the basic forms Adverbial clauses Non-restrictive relative clauses Non-finite clauses Verbless clauses Appositions Other structures Shapes again Foregrounding and backgrounding Complex framing The basic patterns Missed opportunities Interruption techniques Aspects of interruption Missed opportunities Elaborational techniques Elaboration Missed opportunities Coordinating and listing Problems with sentence length Long sentences Short sentences Review Chapter 4: Punctuation Commas 1: the principle of semantic unity Commas 2: optional use Separating members of a sequence Separating adverbial clauses Separating coordinated clauses Separating initial constituents Colons The basic functions Advice Semicolons

9 VIII Contents The basic uses The difference between colon and semicolon as combining devices Dashes and brackets Brackets Dashes Commas revisited: dealing with comma splices Overview Bibliography a) Sources of examples b) References MODULE III: Lexis and Grammar Introduction Chapter 1: A constructional view of language Chapter 2: Academic lexis and patterning Nouns and noun patterns Complex noun phrases in English and German Productive nominal patterns Position and length of complex noun phrases General strategies for noun phrase building Adjective patterns Major groups of adjectives Participial and compound adjectives General strategies for building adjective phrases Prepositions and prepositional phrases Verbs and verb patterns Common academic verbs Verb patterns The interface between verb patterning and sentence-building Chapter 3: From word to collocation Words, words, words How words go together Collocation of semantic-pragmatic features

10 Contents IX 3.4 Collocational gaps and incompatibilities Making creative use of collocation The interplay of collocation and patterning A worked example Exemplificatory infinitive clauses Summary: Strategies for forming word groups Chapter 4: Rhetorical moves and their lexical realizations Stating your topics and objectives Introducing a topic Excluding a topic from consideration Reporting, summarizing and paraphrasing Summaries and abstracts Strategies for paraphrasing Quoting Expressing opinions and criticizing Enumerating ideas and changing the topic Topicalizing specific items Exemplification Comparison and contrast Concession Cause, reason and explanation Consequences and result Static relations Bibliography MODULE IV: Style Introduction Chapter 1: Style and stylistic competence What is style? How to achieve stylistic competence Academic style Vocabulary Nominal constructions Verbal constructions From non-specialist to specialist text Personal style