Joint and Double Degree Programs in the Global Context

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1 Joint and Double Degree Programs in the Global Context Matthias Kuder Center for International Cooperation Freie Universität Berlin Berlin,

2 Dual-Degree Programs Are Gathering Steam New York Times, March 2011 Collaborative International Degrees Are on the Rise Chronicle of Higher Education, Sept 2011 A future trend will be towards the establishment of institutional partnerships and joint-degree programs that will attract students andresearchersaliketothecombinedstrengthsofmultiple universities working in partnership. The Observatory on Borderless Higher Education: Borderless 2011: Perspectives on the Future

partnerships and joint-degree programs that will attract students andresearchersaliketothecombinedstrengthsofmultiple

3 Definition? A review of the literature, university web pages, survey reports and research articles shows a plethora of terms used to describe international collaborative programs, such as double and jointdegrees. These terms include: double,multiple, tri-national, joint, integrated, collaborative, international,consecutive, concurrent, co-tutelle, overlapping, conjoint, parallel, simultaneous, and common degrees. They mean different things to different people within and across countries, thereby, causing mass confusion about the real meaning and use of these terms. Knight, Jane (2011). Doubts and Dilemmas with Double Degree Programs. In: Globalisationand InternationalisationofHigher Education [online monograph]. Revistade Universidady Sociedad del Conocimiento (RUSC). Vol. 8, No 2, pp UOC.

These terms include: double,multiple, tri-national, joint, integrated, collaborative, international,consecutive, concurrent, co-tutelle, overlapping, conjoint, parallel, simultaneous, and common

4 Wie viele gibt es denn? Keine globale akkurate Übersicht/Zählung IIE-FU Berlin Umfrage (2011): > 1300 Deutschland: > 500 (Deutsches Institut für Internationale PädagogischeForschung, 2010) European Higher Education Area: > 2500 lautbologna Stocktaking Working Group (2009) International Association of Universities 3rd Global Survey Report (2010): Joint/Double Degree Programs imranking der Internationalisierungsprioritäten von Hochschulen auf Platz 5, im Jahr 2005 noch Platz 8 DAAD Double Degree Förderung: 189 Anträge in 2012 (Rekord)

Internationale PädagogischeForschung, 2010) European Higher Education Area: > 2500 lautbologna Stocktaking Working Group (2009)

5 Trends Am häufigsten genannte Abschluss Arten und Partnerländer Level Percentage # Partner Country undergraduate 28% graduate(master) 53% Doctoral(PhD) 14% Type Percentage Joint degree programs 33% Double degree programs 84% 1 France 2 China 3 Germany 4 Spain 5 United States 6 Italy 7 Netherlands 8 UK 9 Poland 10 Sweden

Percentage Joint degree programs 33% Double degree programs 84% 1 France 2 China

6 Studienfächer Von den Umfrageteilnehmern am häufigsten genannte Studienfächer (Mehrfachnennungen möglich) Other Social Sciences Physical & Life Sciences Mathematics & Computer Sciences Law Humanities Health Professions Fine and Applied Arts Engineering Education Communications Business and Management Agriculture 6.9% 9.4% 6.9% 6.5% 7.8% 13.1% 8.6% 26.5% 19.6% 25.3% 16.3% 39.2% 47.3%

Health Professions Fine and Applied Arts Engineering Education Communications Business and Management

7 Kleine Eliteprogramme? Durchschnittliche Anzahl von Studierenden pro Joint/Double Degree Programm 35% 30% 25% % of responding survey participants 20% 15% 10% 5% Joint Degrees Double Degrees 0% < > 45 Average number of students per program

Programm 35% 30% 25% % of responding survey participants 20% 15%

8 Motivation TOP 3 Gründe für den Aufbau gemeinsamer Studiengänge Broadening educational offerings Strengthening research collaboration Advancing internationalization Raising international visibility/prestige Increasing foreign students enrollment Responding to increased competition Responding to student demand Responding to particular market demand Offering courses from partner university Increasing revenue AU FR GER IT UK US

visibility/prestige Increasing foreign students enrollment Responding to increased competition Responding

9 Initiierung und Partnerwahl 16% Top-down: programs mainly initiated by institutions leadership 41% Buttom-up: programs are mainly inititated by professors 43% All levels are actively involved Wie wählen Universitäten ihre JD / DD Partnerinstitutionen aus? Other 5.7% Known contacts among faculty/existing faculty partnerships 53.9% Reactive - approached by institution from abroad 23.7% Strategic decision to pick new partner 43.7% Existing exchange partner 61.6%

Partnerinstitutionen aus? Other 5.7% Known contacts among faculty/existing faculty partnerships 53.

10 Herausforderungen: Nachhaltigkeit Rank Challenge 1 Ensuring sustainability 2 Securing adequate funding 3 Curriculum design 4 Legal issues 5 Recruiting students 6 Securing support from gov. 7 Accreditation 8 Academic calendar difference 9 Institutional support 10 Credit transfer Generally, sustainabilityisa priorityitem in JPs whichis obviously disastrously underestimated or even ignored. JOIMAN Network: Good Practice Report for the Management and Administration of Joint Programmes, % der Umfrageteilnehmer gaben an, ein JD oder DD Programm bereits eingestellt oder abgebrochen zu haben.

7 Accreditation 8 Academic calendar difference 9 Institutional support 10 Credit transfer Generally, sustainabilityisa priorityitem in JPs whichis

11 Herausforderungen: fehlende Strategie 91% der Umfrageteilnehmer gaben an: Joint or double degree programs are part of their institution s internationalization efforts& strategy. allerdings nur55% habenklareinstitutionelle policy & guidelines für Entwicklung solcher Programme etabliert 59% haben zusätzliche Strukturen für Koordination/Entwicklung solcher Programme / Initiativen geschaffen

allerdings nur55% habenklareinstitutionelle policy & guidelines für Entwicklung solcher Programme

12 Herausforderungen: fehlende Strategie Rekrutierung von Studierenden 55% der Umfrageteilnehmer gaben an, keine besonderen (Werbe)Maßnahmen für die Rekrutierung von Studierendenfür JD/DD Programme entwickelt zu haben. 27% 32% 25% 16% Focus mainly on local students Focus mainly on students in my country Focus mainly on international students All of the above Example: U.S. Recruitment Tactics 63 % of U.S. respondents said their institution has not developed any specific measures to recruit students for joint or double degree programs. However, 65 % of U.S. respondents reported that they were focusing recruitment tactics on international students.

27% 32% 25% 16% Focus mainly on local students Focus mainly on students in my country Focus mainly on international students All of the above Example: U.S.

13 Herausforderungen: Akkreditierung Joint programmes could be subject to accreditation procedures by different accreditation organisations in each of the states where the joint programme is offered. These distinct accreditation jurisdictions imply the potential involvement of several accreditation organisations and therefore the execution of different accreditation procedures. European Consortium for Accreditation: Principles for Accreditation Procedures Regarding Joint Programmes, 2007 ENQUA Survey 2012: Nur 19% befragten Agenturen effective& successulin carryingout procedures für QA in transnationalen Programmen 2 von 28 Agenturen reported relevant prac. on validation or assessment of collaborative and/or transnational degree programs European AssociationforQuality Assurance in Higher Education: Quality Proceduresin theeuropean Higher Education Area andbeyond VisionsfortheFuture, Third ENQUA Survey, 2012

European Consortium for Accreditation: Principles for Accreditation Procedures Regarding Joint Programmes, 2007 ENQUA Survey 2012: Nur 19% befragten Agenturen effective& successulin carryingout

14 Ein Blick in die Zukunft 95% der Umfrageteilnehmer gaben an, weitere joint und double degree Programme zu planen Academic fields: Business & Management, Engineering, Social Sciences Academic level: Master s(76,7%), BA (44,5%), PhD(39,2%) Zukunftspläne: Joint vs Double 51% 5% 5% 40% Only joint degree programs Only double degree programs Both No

Sciences Academic level: Master s(76,7%), BA (44,5%), PhD(39,2%) Zukunftspläne: Joint

15 Ein Blick in die Zukunft Von Umfrageteilnehmern die am häufigsten genannten Partnerländer, mit denen künftig jointund double degree Programme entwickelt werden bzw. geplant sind. United Kingdom France Turkey Russia Brazil South Korea Canada Italy China Mexico Chile Germany Japan Netherlands India United States Argentina SIngapore Australia Spain

16 Vielen Dank! Survey Report ist erhältlich unter:

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