Von Arbeitslosigkeit zur Arbeitsfähigkeit. Prof. Dr. Juhani Ilmarinen, FIOH, Helsinki

Transkript

1 Von Arbeitslosigkeit zur Arbeitsfähigkeit Prof. Dr. Juhani Ilmarinen, FIOH, Helsinki

2 Unemployment in Europe ( 2004 ) EU , rate 7,9 % EU , rate 9,0 % Poland 19,4 %, Slovakia 18,6 % Cyprus, UK, Ireland, Netherlands, Austria < 5,0% Youngest age group 17,9 %, oldest 6,5 % Long-term unemployment highest in elementary and lowest in higher educational level among both genders EU long-term unemployed, 3,2 % EU , 3,9 % Youngest age group 5,3 %, oldest 4,0 % Finnish Institute of Occupational Health / Prof. Dr. Juhani Ilmarinen 2

3 Work ability index in survey research Basic results from the Finnish Health 2000 study National Public Health Institute, Finland Two samples: Adults aged 30 years and over (n = 8028) Young adults aged years (n = 1894) About half of the participants were occupationally active at the time of the study => Work Ability Index data available. Finnish Institute of Occupational Health / Prof. Dr. Juhani Ilmarinen 3

4 Study locations of Health 2000 Finnish Institute of Occupational Health / Prof. Dr. Juhani Ilmarinen 4

5 Work Ability restricted: proportion according to work status, yrs (adjusted by age and sex) At work Wage earner, full-time job Wage earner, part-time job Entrepeneur (agriculture) *** *** Entrepeneur (other) * Unemployed *** Work disability pension *** Other situation *** % Finnish Institute of Occupational Health / Prof. Dr. Juhani Ilmarinen 5

6 1. Current work ability compared with the life time best Assume that your work ability at its best has a value of 10 points. How many points would you give to your current work ability? (0 means that you cannot currently work at all) completely unable to work work ability at its best Finnish Institute of Occupational Health / Prof. Dr. Juhani Ilmarinen 6

7 Work Ability Index 1st item, yrs, (adjusted by age) Female At work Unemployment Men At work Unemployment % WAI scores: Finnish Institute of Occupational Health / Prof. Dr. Juhani Ilmarinen 7

8 Work Ability Index means of 1st item, by work status and age group Score Female Unemployed At work Male At work Unemployed Finnish Institute of Occupational Health / Prof. Dr. Juhani Ilmarinen 8

9 Work Ability Restricted: proportion according to the status of unemployment, yrs At work No unemployment Female Men Being unemployed back to work still unemployed outside the work life *** *** *** *** % Finnish Institute of Occupational Health / Prof. Dr. Juhani Ilmarinen 9

10 Excellent Work Ability 1st Item 9 10 points, proportion according to unemployment status, yrs At work No unemployment Female Male Being unemployed back to work still unemployed outside the work life *** *** *** *** % 1 WAI scores = 9-10 Finnish Institute of Occupational Health / Prof. Dr. Juhani Ilmarinen 10

11 Work Ability Restricted: proportion according to the duration of unemployment, yrs No unemployment Female Male Short unemployment * * Long unemployment *** *** % Finnish Institute of Occupational Health / Prof. Dr. Juhani Ilmarinen 11

12 Excellent Work Ability 1st Item 9 10 points, proportion according to the duration of unemployment, yrs Female Male No unemployment Short unemployment Long unemployment * *** * *** % 1 WAI scores = 9-10 Finnish Institute of Occupational Health / Prof. Dr. Juhani Ilmarinen 12

13 Work Ability Restricted: OR's according to the duration of unemployment Age group, duration of unemployment Model A Age and gender adjusted Model B A + education Model C A + economics Model D A + education and economics No unemployment Short unemployment Long unemployment 4.44*** 3.65*** 2.91*** 2.47*** No unemployment Short unemployment Long unemployment 2.08*** 3.69*** 1.86** 3.11*** 1.82** 2.73*** 1.66* 2.38*** Finnish Institute of Occupational Health / Prof. Dr. Juhani Ilmarinen 13

14 Arbeitsfähigkeit Theorie und Praxis

15 INFRASTRUKTUR BESCHÄFTIGUNGS- FÄHIGKEIT ARBEITSFÄHIGKEIT - Humanressourcen - Arbeitsbedingungen POLITIK - Beschäftigungspolitik - Erziehung / Ausbildung -Regelung der Lebensarbeitszeit - Soziales Netz WIRTSCHAFTLICHE STABILITÄT WOHLBEFINDEN DER BÜRGER BESCHÄFTIGUNG KAPITAL Finnish Institute of Occupational Health / Prof. Dr. Juhani Ilmarinen 15

16 Das Haus der Arbeitsfähigkeit Familie Work Ability (Arbeitsbewältigungsfähigkeit) Arbeit Umgebung Inhalte & Anforderungen Organisation & Gemeinschaft Management und Führung Werte Einstellungen Motivation Kompetenz Fertigkeiten Wissen Gesundheit Gesellschaft Freunde körp./psych. Leistungsvermögen 12. Finnish Institute of Occupational Health / Prof. Dr. Juhani Ilmarinen 16

17 Average Work Ability Index by age Finnish Institute of Occupational Health / Prof. Dr. Juhani Ilmarinen 17

18 Means of WAI items by age groups 1) Work ability compared to the lifetime best Age M Sd ,28 (1,06) ,23 (1,12) ,04 (1,21) ,57 (1,88) ,01 (1,92) ,72 (2,32) Finnish Institute of Occupational Health / Prof. Dr. Juhani Ilmarinen 18

19 Average Work Ability Index Item1: Current work ability compared with the lifetime best by age Finnish Institute of Occupational Health / Prof. Dr. Juhani Ilmarinen

20 Average Work Ability Index by industrial branch. Adjusted by gender and age, (n=3704) Financing, insurance Telecommunication Electronics industry Health services Education Trade Other services Other industry Civil service Building industry Social services Transport Metal industry Wood industry Farming Finnish Institute of Occupational Health / Prof. Dr. Juhani Ilmarinen 20

21 Work Ability Index classes by industrial branch, (n=3704) Other services Civil service Social services Health services Education Financing, insurance Telecommunication Transport Trade Poor Moderate Good Excellent Other industry Building industry Metal industry Electronics industry Wood industry Farming 0 % 10 % 20 % 30 % 40 % 50 % 60 % 70 % 80 % 90 % 100 % Finnish Institute of Occupational Health / Prof. Dr. Juhani Ilmarinen 21

22 Own prognosis of work ability two years from now by industrial branch Other services Civil service Social services Health services Education Financing, insurance Telecommunication Transport Trade Unlikely Not certain Relatively uncertain Other industry Building industry Metal industry Electronics industry Wood industry Farming 0 % 10 % 20 % 30 % 40 % 50 % 60 % 70 % 80 % 90 % 100 % Finnish Institute of Occupational Health / Prof. Dr. Juhani Ilmarinen 22

23 WAI in Mittleren und Kleinbetrieben Arbeitsbewältigungs-Index (ABI) ABI-Werte Carrot project 1998, N= Alter ABI-Kategorie sehr gut gut mäßig schlecht Finnish Institute of Occupational Health / Prof. Dr. Juhani Ilmarinen 23

24 Unternehmen X ABI- Kategorie Arbeitsunfähigkeit pro Jahr/Person Krankenstandskosten pro Jahr/Person schlecht mäßig gut Sehr gut Finnish Institute of Occupational Health / Prof. Dr. Juhani Ilmarinen 24

25 Abnahme des WAI mit dem Alter (WAI Merkmal 1, 0-10) 25 % Source: Peltoniemi 2005 Finnish Institute of Occupational Health / Prof. Dr. Juhani Ilmarinen 25

26 Finnish Institute of Occupational Health / Prof. Dr. Juhani Ilmarinen 26

27 Annual cost of +45 WAI reduction in Finland Total cost of early retirement 7,3 bill Variation in WAI = 50 % of early retirement +45 get over 90 % of early pensions +45 have a 25 % reduction in WAI Total cost of +45 WAI reduction = 7,3 bill x 0,5 x 0,9 x 0,25 = 821 mill /year Finnish Institute of Occupational Health / Prof. Dr. Juhani Ilmarinen 27

28 WAI als Hilfsmittel im Betrieb Frühindikator für vorzeitigen Berufsausstieg zeigt an, wo Handlungsbedarf besteht initiiert die Durchführung von präventiven Massnahmen kann den Erfolg von Massnahmen messbar machen ist ein sinnvolles Instrument für betriebsärztliche Betreuung und betriebliche Gesundheitsförderung kann die Debatte zum Thema Arbeit und Alter initiieren und fördern Finnish Institute of Occupational Health / Prof. Dr. Juhani Ilmarinen 28

29 Anwendungsschwerpunkte Forschung Betriebliche Gesundheitsförderung - präventive Massnahmen - Betriebsärztliche Betreuung - Consultation - Health Services Finnish Institute of Occupational Health / Prof. Dr. Juhani Ilmarinen 29

30 Work ability index (7-49) among working men and women by older age groups Gould and Polvinen, men women Finnish Institute of Occupational Health / Prof. Dr. Juhani Ilmarinen 30

31 Excellent Work ability in relation to physical demands of work by older men and women, % Gould and Polvinen, men women Finnish Institute of Occupational Health / Prof. Dr. Juhani Ilmarinen 31

32 Excellent Work ability in relation to mental demands of work by older men and women,% Gould and Polvinen, men women Finnish Institute of Occupational Health / Prof. Dr. Juhani Ilmarinen 32

33 Übersetzungen des WAI in 2006 Finnish *** Swedish *** English *** German *** Dutch ** Portuguese *** Danish * Chinese ** Estonian ** Russian * Hebrew ** Italian ** French ** Japanese ** Polish ** Latvian * Spanish ** Norwegian ** Serbian ** Hungary ** Slovenia ** Thai * Korean * Taiwanese (*) Vietnamese (*) Finnish Institute of Occupational Health / Prof. Dr. Juhani Ilmarinen 33

34 Nächstes Symposium 3rd International Symposium on Work Ability, October 22-24, 2007; Hanoi, Vietnam ( malo-j-l@med.uoeh-u.ac.jp ) Finnish Institute of Occupational Health / Prof. Dr. Juhani Ilmarinen 34

35 Förderung der Arbeitsfähigkeit Der WAI in der Intervention

36 Finnish Institute of Occupational Health / Prof. Dr. Juhani Ilmarinen

37 WAI WOMEN Office work (1981, 1985, 1991) G1 (n=40) AGE (years) Finnish Institute of Occupational Health / Prof. Dr. Juhani Ilmarinen 37

38 WAI WOMEN Office work (1981, 1985, 1992) G3 (n=25) AGE (years) Finnish Institute of Occupational Health / Prof. Dr. Juhani Ilmarinen 38

39 Arbeitsfähigkeit nach Ilmarinen ( Modifiziert von Dr. Richenhagen ) Arbeitsfähigkeit (ABI) gut 40 sehr gut Individuelle Gesundheitsförderung, Ergonomische Maßnahmen, verbessertes Führungsverhalten mäßig schlecht Alter (Jahre) Nur individuelle Gesundheitsförderung Keine Maßnahmen

40 18. Jorma Rantanen FIOH Wirtschaftliche Ergebnisse Über 200 Firmen verschiedener Größe und Branchen Methode: Tervus Economic Appraisal Nutzen/Kosten-Verhältnis zwischen 3 und 10 Nutzen: Reduktion von Abwesenheit und Arbeitsunfähigkeit 50 % und Erhöhung der Produktivität 50 % Aus: Bergström and Ahonen Singapore th International Congress on Occupational Health Finnish Institute of Occupational Health / Prof. Dr. Juhani Ilmarinen 40

41 Anpassung des WAI- Instruments fur Arbeitslosigkeit

42 1. Current work ability compared with the life time best Assume that your work ability at its best has a value of 10 points. How many points would you give to your current work ability? (0 means that you cannot currently work at all) completely unable to work work ability at its best Finnish Institute of Occupational Health / Prof. Dr. Juhani Ilmarinen 42

43 Work ability compared with lifetime best (0-10) by life phase, years Gould and Polvinen, All Low educ Disease 1 0 Work P- pension Unempl WDpens Other pens Finnish Institute of Occupational Health / Prof. Dr. Juhani Ilmarinen 43

44 Correlations between Work Ability Index items in two age groups (r2 > 0.30) Age WAI item Work ability in relation to job demands Number of current diseases Work impairment due to diseases Sick leave during the past year Own prognosis of work ability two years from now Mental resources Finnish Institute of Occupational Health / Prof. Dr. Juhani Ilmarinen 44

45 NEW Items for WAI? ?? competence? management????? work-family values, attitudes? Finnish Institute of Occupational Health / Prof. Dr. Juhani Ilmarinen 45

46 Correlation between WAI-items and problems at work WAI Health Competence Physical environ. Motivation Psychosocial env. Family, Econo-my Finnish Institute of Occupational Health / Prof. Dr. Juhani Ilmarinen 46

47 Correlations between WAI and problems at work Health Competence Physical env Psychosocial env Motivation Family, economy Finnish Institute of Occupational Health / Prof. Dr. Juhani Ilmarinen 47

48 Arbeitsfähigkeit von Arbeitslosen: Ansätze fur methodische Entwicklungen WAI Instrument fur Arbeitslosigkeit bis 2 Jahren WAI Item 1 auch fur langjährige Arbeitslosigkeit Neues Fragebogen nach den Dimensionen des Arbeitsfähigkeit- Hauses: Gesundheit, Kompetenz, Einstellungen und Werte, physische, mentale und soziale Lebensumgebung, Familie, Verwandte und Freunde Expertengruppe Pilotprojekte Validierung Förderungskonzept Veröffentlichung Verbreitung Finnish Institute of Occupational Health / Prof. Dr. Juhani Ilmarinen 48